An Ultra-Precision Smoothing Polishing Model for Optical Surface Fabrication with Morphology Gradient Awareness by Guohao Liu, Yonghong Deng, Zhibin Li

“…The material removal process is modeled as the convolution of a spatially invariant removal function with a locally varying dwell time distribution. …”
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Dynamic shimming in the cervical spinal cord for multi-echo gradient-echo imaging at 3 T by E. Alonso-Ortiz, D. Papp, A. D'Astous, J. Cohen-Adad

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Hybridized Brazilian–Bowein type spectral gradient projection method for constrained nonlinear equations by Jitsupa Deepho, Abdulkarim Hassan Ibrahim, Auwal Bala Abubakar, Maggie Aphane

“…This paper proposes a hybridized Brazilian and Bowein derivative-free spectral gradient projection method for solving systems of convex-constrained nonlinear equations. …”
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A hydrothermal coupling model for permafrost subgrade considering temperature gradient and its application by Jianqing Jia, Zeqing He, Victor O. Tenorio

“…In this study, the dynamic variation of soil permeability coefficient with temperature is considered, the permeability coefficient is defined as a piecewise function with temperature as independent variable, and the hydrothermal coupling equation is established. …”
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An Elegant Multi-Agent Gradient Descent for Effective Optimization in Neural Network Training and Beyond by Mohammad Sakka, Mohammad Reza Bahrami

“…However, the cost function in neural network training is typically non-convex, causing gradient-based algorithms to become trapped in local minima due to their limited exploration of the solution space. …”
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Quality Characteristics Improvement of Wheat Bran by Ultrafine Grinding Combined with Gradient Glutenin Addition by WANG Baoyi, HU Xuefang, PEI Haisheng, ZHAI Xiaona, LIANG Liang, LI Yuanyuan

“…In order to make efficient use of wheat bran and to improve its quality characteristics, wheat bran was physically modified by ultrafine grinding combined with gradient glutenin addition in this study. The changes in physicochemical and functional characteristics such as particle size distribution, color, hydration characteristics, filling characteristics and flow characteristics of wheat bran ultrafine powder were analyzed. …”
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Genome-wide identification of selection signatures across altitudinal gradients in dairy sheep breeds by Slim Ben Jemaa, Salvatore Mastrangelo, Federica Carta, Silvia Riggio, Corrado Dimauro, Christian Persichilli, Baldassare Portolano, Gabriele Senczuk, Alberto Cesarani

“…In both breeds, the mountain ecotype showed a strong selection toward several pleiotropic genes with effects linked to the nervous system, body size, energy balance and muscular function and development. Our study also provides evidence that genes involved in neuroendocrine mechanisms are targets of environmental adaptation in the mountain ecotypes, suggesting their fundamental role in the regulation of several vital physiological adaptive responses to mountainous areas in sheep, including growth, energy expenditure, thermogenesis, sensory perception, and locomotor activity. …”
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Stimulation mapping and whole-brain modeling reveal gradients of excitability and recurrence in cortical networks by Davide Momi, Zheng Wang, Sara Parmigiani, Ezequiel Mikulan, Sorenza P. Bastiaens, Mohammad P. Oveisi, Kevin Kadak, Gianluca Gaglioti, Allison C. Waters, Sean Hill, Andrea Pigorini, Corey J. Keller, John D. Griffiths

“…High-order brain regions/networks thus show an activity pattern characterized by more inter-network functional integration than low-order ones, which manifests as a spatial gradient of excitability that is emergent from, and causally dependent on, the underlying hierarchical network structure. …”
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Unveiling the ecological processes driving soil and lichen microbiome assembly along an urbanization gradient by Panji Cahya Mawarda, Rens van der Kaaij, Francisco Dini-Andreote, Deniz Duijker, Michael Stech, Adrianus GCL Speksnijder

“…Yet, research on the urbanization impact on environmental and host-associated microbiomes, particularly on the ecological processes that mediate their assembly and function, remains scarce. This study investigated the effects of an urbanization gradient on the diversity and assembly processes of the soil microbiome and the microbiomes of three epiphytic lichen species (Candelaria concolor, Physcia adscendens, and Xanthoria parietina). …”
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Birds With Distinct Ecological Traits Show Varied Haemoglobin Adaptations Along Elevation Gradients by Zamekile D. Bhembe, Sara Padidar, Kat Bebbington, Sjouke A. Kingma, Ara Monadjem

“…ABSTRACT Ecological systems are highly dynamic, with organisms continually adapting to various environmental stressors along natural gradients. Birds along elevation gradients serve as excellent models for examining physiological adaptations, such as elevated haemoglobin concentrations at high altitudes due to lower oxygen availability. …”
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Effects of Uniform or Multi-Gradient Equilibration During Vitrification on Mitochondrial Damage in Mouse Oocytes by Eun Hee Yu, Jung Ran Cho, Ha Eun Jung, Hyun Joo Lee, Jong Kil Joo

“…Results: The survival rates were not significantly different between the two methods. However, the multi-gradient equilibration method presented a higher mitochondrial fluorescence intensity and more uniform distribution, indicating better preservation of mitochondrial function. …”
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Research on Spread Spectrum Codes Optimized by Sparrow Search Algorithm and Extreme Gradient Boosting by LIANG Zhiru, BIAN Dongming, ZHANG Gengxin

“…To address the problem of low success rate of spread code identification for low signal-to-noise ratio DSSS signals, this paper combines the Third-order Correlation Function (TCF) of <italic>m</italic>-sequences and its peak characteristics to identify the pseudo-code period of DSSS signals as prior information through power spectrum secondary processing on the premise of denoising preprocessing. …”
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Modeling fin efficiency considering transverse temperature gradients in rocket engine cooling channels by Volodymyr Sliusariev, Valerii Bucharskyi

“…Further development relies on analyzing the results of numerical simulations and their subsequent generalization. To this end, the gradient descent method is applied, minimizing the quadratic error function. …”
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Hyperspectral Reconstruction Method Based on Global Gradient Information and Local Low-Rank Priors by Chipeng Cao, Jie Li, Pan Wang, Weiqiang Jin, Runrun Zou, Chun Qi

“…To address this issue, we propose a hyperspectral reconstruction method based on global gradient information and local low-rank priors. First, to improve the prior model’s efficiency in utilizing information of different frequencies, we design a gradient sampling strategy and training framework based on decision trees, leveraging changes in the loss function gradient information to enhance the model’s predictive capability for data of varying frequencies. …”
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Experimental Study on Horizontal Resistance Parameter of Gravelly Soil Considering Slope Gradient Factor by Yanfang Wang, Jibin Chen, Zhengwei Pan, Lan Yang, Hui Zhang, Xinjia Wu

“…The above horizontal resistance parameters were expressed as a function based on the test data to calculate the lateral ultimate bearing capacity of gravelly soil considering the slope gradient factor. …”
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Biogeographic patterns reveal the extensive adaptation of forest soil myxobacteria along environmental gradients by Yang Zhou, Xianjiao Zhang, Qing Yao, Honghui Zhu

“…Microbial responses to environmental gradients are often evaluated at community level, where bacterial communities are treated as a metaorganism. …”
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Storage stability and safe storage life assessments of gradiently denitrated spherical gun propellants by Gang Wang, Hao Chen, Shi-ying Li, Qi Yang, Yu-dong Shi, Ya-jun Ding, Zhong-liang Xiao

“…As a new type of gun propellant, Gradiently denitrated spherical gun propellants (GDSP) demonstrate excellent progressive combustion performance and clean combustion performance. …”
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Structures and determinants of soil microbiomes along a steep elevation gradient in Southwest China by Ting Li, Ting Li, Ting Li, Ziyan Gao, Ping Zhou, Ping Zhou, Mingmin Huang, Gangzheng Wang, Jianping Xu, Wangqiu Deng, Mu Wang, Mu Wang

“…Soil microbial communities play a vital role in accelerating nutrient cycling and stabilizing ecosystem functions in forests. However, the diversity of soil microbiome and the mechanisms driving their distribution patterns along elevational gradients in montane areas remain largely unknown. …”
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The MaNGA Dwarf Galaxy Sample (MaNDala): Stellar Profiles and Gradients Characterization by M. Cano-Díaz, A. Rodríguez-Puebla, A. C. Robleto-Orús, V. Ávila-Reese, H. M. Hernández-Toledo, J. A. Vázquez-Mata, O. Valenzuela, J. J. González, H. J. Ibarra-Medel, J. C. Clemente-González, L. Pavón-Alvarez

“…While the point-spread function has a minor impact on the SP gradients, the choice of methodology for characterizing radial profiles significantly affects them. …”
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Nonlinear Compensation of the Linear Variable Differential Transducer Using an Advanced Snake Optimization Integrated with Tangential Functional Link Artificial Neural Network by Qiuxia Fan, Xinqi Zhang, Zhuang Wen, Lei Xu, Qianqian Zhang

“…To extend the measurement range, this paper proposes an advanced Snake Optimization–Tangential Functional Link Artificial Neural Network (ASO-TFLANN) model to extend the linear range of LVDT. …”
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