Improved Dai–Liao Conjugate Gradient Methods for Large-Scale Unconstrained Optimization by Basim A. Hassan, Alaa Luqman Ibrahim, abd elhamid mehamdia

“…This research introduces and evaluates two enhanced conjugate gradient methods for unconstrained optimization, building upon the Dai–Liao conjugacy condition and further refined through the application of Taylor series expansion. …”
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Changing with the times: Seasonal environmental gradients unveil dynamic bat assemblages and vulnerability by Helena Raposeira, Pedro Horta, Ruben Heleno, Hugo Rebelo

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Mitochondrial membrane potential probes and the proton gradient: a practical usage guide by Seth W. Perry, John P. Norman, Justin Barbieri, Edward B. Brown, Harris A. Gelbard

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Solving Weighted Orthogonal Procrustes Problems via a Projected Gradient Method by H. F. Oviedo Leon, S. Guerrero

“…In particular, the proposed family uses a search direction based on a convex combination between the Euclidean gradient and the Riemannian gradient of the cost function. …”
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Contrasting dynamics and environmental controls of dispersed bacteria along a hydrologic gradient by Clara Ruiz-González, Juan Pablo Niño-García, Martin Berggren, Paul A. del Giorgio

“…Here we aimed at exploring the environmental factors driving the structure of such contrasting bacterial populations as well as their functional properties. Using Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we characterized the taxonomic composition of bacterioplankton communities from 10 streams and rivers in Québec spanning the whole hydrologic continuum (river Strahler order 0 to 7), which were sampled in two occasions. …”
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Edge enhancement of potential field data using the enhanced gradient (EG) filter by Ahmad Alvandi, Korimilli N Durga Prasad, Hazel Deniz Toktay

“…This study presents a new edge enhancement filter named “Enhanced Gradient (EG)” based on the Richards function and applies it to potential field data for structural mapping. …”
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Loss shaping enhances exact gradient learning with Eventprop in spiking neural networks by Thomas Nowotny, James P Turner, James C Knight

“…We found that learning depended strongly on the loss function and extended Eventprop to a wider class of loss functions to enable effective training. …”
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Quantifying spatial gradients in coral reef benthic communities using multivariate dispersion by Alice K. Lawrence, Adel Heenan, Gareth J. Williams

“…Localized management interventions that strive to maintain the long-term persistence and function of coral reefs need to be informed by how and why reef habitats vary. …”
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Power Coefficient for Large Wind Turbines Considering Wind Gradient Along Height by Saroj Biswas, Jim Shih-Jiun Chen

“…This paper derives a new power coefficient for large wind turbines based on the power law exponent model of the wind gradient and height. The proposed power coefficient is a function of the size of the rotor disk and the Hellmann exponent, which describes the wind gradient based on wind stability at various locations, and it approaches the same value as the Betz limit for wind turbines with small rotor disks. …”
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Enhancing Neural Network Interpretability Through Deep Prior-Guided Expected Gradients by Su-Ying Guo, Xiu-Jun Gong

“…However, traditional DNNs often function as “black boxes,” delivering accurate predictions without providing insight into the factors driving their outputs. …”
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Decoupling and Insensitivity of Greenness and Gross Primary Productivity Across Aridity Gradients in China by Yuzhen Li, Xiuliang Yuan, Lei Zheng, Wenqiang Zhang, Yue Zhang

“…For different plant functional types (PFTs), decoupling occurred in ENF with a determination coefficient value (R²) of 0.04, whereas GRA shows a higher coupling with an R² of 0.20. …”
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Some descent Dai-Liao-type conjugate gradient methods for vector optimization by Jamilu Yahaya, Poom Kumam, Abdulmalik Usman Bello

“…This paper introduces four conjugate gradient methods for finding critical points of vector-valued functions with respect to the partial order induced by a closed, convex, and pointed cone with nonempty-interior, inspired by the Dai–Liao method. …”
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Modeling of Collusion Behavior in the Electrical Market Based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient by Yifeng Liu, Jingpin Chen, Meng Chen, Zhongshi He, Ye Guo, Chenghan Li

“…This paper introduces the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm on the IEEE three-bus electrical market model. …”
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A Novel Sine Step Size for Warm-Restart Stochastic Gradient Descent by Mahsa Soheil Shamaee, Sajad Fathi Hafshejani

“…This paper proposes a novel sine step size for warm-restart stochastic gradient descent (SGD). For the SGD based on the new proposed step size, we establish convergence rates for smooth non-convex functions with and without the Polyak–Łojasiewicz (PL) condition. …”
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A variable metric proximal stochastic gradient method: An application to classification problems by Pasquale Cascarano, Giorgia Franchini, Erich Kobler, Federica Porta, Andrea Sebastiani

“…To control the variance of the objective's gradients, we use an automatic sample size selection along with a variable metric to precondition the stochastic gradient directions. …”
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In vivo measurement of an Apelin gradient with a genetically encoded APLNR conformation biosensor by Lukas Herdt, Hannes Schihada, Michael Kurz, Sebastian Ernst, Jean Eberlein, Peter Kolb, Cornelius Krasel, Moritz Bünemann, Christian S. M. Helker

“…We demonstrate the functionality of our biosensors by pharmacological characterization and signal transduction analysis in vitro. …”
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D-BADGE: Decision-Based Adversarial Batch Attack With Directional Gradient Estimation by Geunhyeok Yu, Minwoo Jeon, Hyoseok Hwang

“…This simple yet efficient decision-based method functions similarly to a score-based attack, enabling the generation of UAPs in real-world scenarios, and can be easily extended to targeted attacks. …”
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Discrete ecological gradient in thermokarst ponds in a palsa mire in northern Norway by Ewa Jabłońska, Anders Lyngstad, Izabela Jaszczuk, Jan Kucharzyk, Kristian Hassel, Mateusz Grygoruk, Wiktor Kotowski

“…Understanding long-term consequences of this process requires in-depth knowledge of the internal diversity of palsa mire vegetation types and their functions. Most studies so-far focused on the palsa mounds. …”
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Emergence of planar cell polarity from the interplay of local interactions and global gradients by Divyoj Singh, Sriram Ramaswamy, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Mohd Suhail Rizvi

“…Planar cell polarity (PCP) – tissue-scale alignment of the direction of asymmetric localization of proteins at the cell-cell interface – is essential for embryonic development and physiological functions. Abnormalities in PCP can result in developmental imperfections, including neural tube closure defects and misaligned hair follicles. …”
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An Innovative Strategy for Achieving Interface Gradient Material Using Co-Deposition Technology by Yanxin Zhang, Liyan Lai, Yan Luo, Zhuoqing Yang, Guifu Ding

“…In this study, high-performance SiC whisker (SiCw)-reinforced Cu matrix functionally graded materials (FGMs) were achieved through the synergy of numerical simulation and co-electrodeposition and then successfully applied as the interface of Cu and Si. …”
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