Intracellular proton conductance of the hepatitis C virus p7 protein and its contribution to infectious virus production. by Ann L Wozniak, Stephen Griffin, David Rowlands, Mark Harris, MinKyung Yi, Stanley M Lemon, Steven A Weinman

“…The hepatitis C virus (HCV) p7 protein is critical for virus production and an attractive antiviral target. p7 is an ion channel when reconstituted in artificial lipid bilayers, but channel function has not been demonstrated in vivo and it is unknown whether p7 channel activity plays a critical role in virus production. …”
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Relationship Between Aquatic Fungal Diversity in Surface Water and Environmental Factors in Yunnan Dashanbao Black-Necked Crane National Nature Reserve, China by Kaize Shen, Yufeng Tang, Jiaoxu Shi, Zhongxiang Hu, Meng He, Jinzhen Li, Yuanjian Wang, Mingcui Shao, Honggao Liu

“…Environmental correlations revealed 19 genera significantly linked to abiotic factors. FUNGuild functional profiling highlighted saprotrophs (organic decomposers) and pathogens as predominant trophic guilds. …”
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Unraveling the Atomic Mechanism of the Crystalline Phase‐Dependent Structural Features and Special Spectral Design of α‐, β‐, and Ɛ‐Ga₂O₃ by Xinqing Han, Yong Liu, Yang Li, Miguel L. Crespillo, Eva Zarkadoula, Wenxiang Mu, Peng Liu

“…Abstract Atomic‐scale phase transformations profoundly influence the functional properties of Ga₂O₃ polymorphs. By combining irradiation experiments with microstructure characterization and theoretical approaches, phase‐specific energy‐dissipation pathways in α‐, β‐, and ε‐Ga₂O₃ are uncovered and strategies for targeted property design are outlined. …”
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Thermo-mechanical-fluid coupled modeling for residual stress prediction in thick plate welding by Yonghui Su, Haitao Xia, Shuo Chen, Chen Wang, Shuaiyu Wu, Wei Lu, Jun Zhu, Hao Wu

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Three-Dimensional Thermal Tomography with Physics-Informed Neural Networks by Theodoros Leontiou, Anna Frixou, Marios Charalambides, Efstathios Stiliaris, Costas N. Papanicolas, Sofia Nikolaidou, Antonis Papadakis

“…A physics-informed loss function embedding the heat equation was used in conjunction with statistical uncertainty during training to simulate realistic scenarios. …”
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Predicting the Electrical Conductivity of Partially Saturated Frozen Porous Media, a Fractal Model for Wide Ranges of Temperature and Salinity by Haoliang Luo, Damien Jougnot, Anne Jost, Jidong Teng, Aida Mendieta, Gang Lin, Luong Duy Thanh

“…In this study, accounting for pore size and tortuous length following fractal distributions, we develop a new capillary bundle model for variation of electrical conductivity as a function of temperature in broad water saturation and salinity ranges. …”
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Reduced Geostatistical Approach With a Fourier Neural Operator Surrogate Model for Inverse Modeling of Hydraulic Tomography by Quan Guo, Yu He, Ming Liu, Yue Zhao, Yuzheng Liu, Jian Luo

“…FNO benefits from deep learning automatic differentiation, enabling efficient backpropagation of gradients during inverse modeling. Our results show that RGA‐FNO can efficiently produce satisfactory estimations for random transmissivity fields with an exponential covariance function, which is non‐differentiable and visually non‐smooth. …”
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IRSD-Net: An Adaptive Infrared Ship Detection Network for Small Targets in Complex Maritime Environments by Yitong Sun, Jie Lian

“…Additionally, we introduce Wise-PIoU, a novel loss function that improves bounding box regression by enforcing geometric alignment and adaptively weighting gradients based on alignment quality. …”
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CSSA-YOLO: Cross-Scale Spatiotemporal Attention Network for Fine-Grained Behavior Recognition in Classroom Environments by Liuchen Zhou, Xiangpeng Liu, Xiqiang Guan, Yuhua Cheng

“…Finally, to further enhance the network’s ability to detect small targets and complex boundary behaviors, we utilize the WIoU loss function, which dynamically weights gradients to optimize the localization accuracy of occluded targets. …”
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Interpretable Learning Method Based on Causal Interactive Attention by Wu Song, Sheng Ren, Bin Hu

“…In addition, to dynamically adapt to changes in the learning scenarios, we designed a loss function to adaptively control the strength of attention. …”
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YOLO-PEL: The Efficient and Lightweight Vehicle Detection Method Based on YOLO Algorithm by Zhi Wang, Kaiyu Zhang, Fei Wu, Hongxiang Lv

“…The model also incorporates the Wise-IoUv3 loss function to mitigate the deleterious gradients caused by extreme examples in vehicle detection samples, resulting in more precise detection outcomes. …”
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Associations between elevation, introduced red squirrels, and boreal bird distributions on Newfoundland by Ian G Warkentin, Jenna PB McDermott, Darroch M. Whitaker

“…Elevational gradients in boreal forest songbird assemblages have received limited attention but may have important conservation implications in the face of climate change–induced habitat alteration and shifts in predator communities. …”
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Catchment Coevolution and the Geomorphic Origins of Variable Source Area Hydrology by David G. Litwin, Gregory E. Tucker, Katherine R. Barnhart, Ciaran J. Harman

“…This feedback between erosion and runoff generation suggests that modeling long‐term landscape evolution together with dynamic runoff generation could provide insight into hydrological function. Here we examine the emergence of variable source area runoff generation in a new coupled hydro‐geomorphic model that accounts for water balance partitioning between surface flow, subsurface flow, and evapotranspiration as landscapes evolve over millions of years. …”
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Explainable Self-Supervised Dynamic Neuroimaging Using Time Reversal by Zafar Iqbal, Md. Mahfuzur Rahman, Usman Mahmood, Qasim Zia, Zening Fu, Vince D. Calhoun, Sergey Plis

“…Objective: Functional magnetic resonance imaging data pose significant challenges due to their inherently noisy and complex nature, making traditional statistical models less effective in capturing predictive features. …”
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Generation of Neural Organoids and Their Application in Disease Modeling and Regenerative Medicine by Ruiqi Huang, Feng Gao, Liqun Yu, Haokun Chen, Rongrong Zhu

“…The advent of organoid technology derived from stem cells has addressed many of these limitations, providing highly representative platforms for studying the structure and function of the human embryonic brain and spinal cord. …”
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“Collar-like” neocommissure in mitral valve repair for extensive commissural prolapseCentral MessagePerspective by Hoshun Chong, MD, PhD, Jie Li, MD, Yunxing Xue, MD, Xiyu Zhu, MD, PhD, He Zhang, MD, Junxia Wang, MD, PhD, Hailong Cao, MD, PhD

“…All patients regained their heart function and returned to normal physical activities. …”
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Pharmacodynamics of huaier aqueous extract against papillary thyroid carcinoma in vivo and in vitro by Fa-Zhan Xu MS, Lu-Lu Zheng MS, Jia-Bo Qin MS, Yi-Xuan Li MS, Ke-Hao Chen MS, Ling-Hui Dai MS, Qiao-Ling Zhu MS, Jian-Feng Sang MD

“…In this study, we explored the function of huaier in PTC. We treated a PTC cell line (TPC-1) with varying concentration gradients of huaier and we observed that huaier effectively inhibited the proliferation of TPC-1 cells with an IC50 of 2.538 mg/ml. …”
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A chronosequence of climosequences: The evolution of ecological soil thresholds in Hawaiian volcanic soils by Thomas P. Haensel, Jesse Bloom Bateman, Tai McClellan Maaz, Jonathan L. Deenik, Noa K. Lincoln

“…These pedogenic thresholds relate to soil fertility and ecological gradients, although they are not equivalent due to differences in the dynamics between surface soils and the entire solum. …”
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The TRPA1 channel regulates temperature preference in the green peach aphid Myzus persicae by Lulu Yang, Tianyu Huang, Jie Shen, Bing Wang, Guirong Wang

“…Subsequently, these two variants of MperTRPA1 were expressed in the Xenopus oocyte system, and their functions were investigated using the two-electrode voltage clamp technique. …”
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Spatial patterns and driving forces of sand-binding shrubs in sand-blown and sand hazard regions of northern China by Dinghai Zhang, Haidi Qi, Yanli Wang, Ting Ning, Ruyun Tang, Yanchen Ye

“…The pair correlation function was employed under the Complete Spatial Randomness (CSR) and Heterogeneous Poisson (HP) null models to compare the spatial distribution and association of these four shrub species at scales of 0–20 m, encompassing both the overall population and different growth stages. …”
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