Mitigating riparian buffer zone degradation through policy interventions and learnings from best practices by Aditi Majumdar, Kirti Avishek

“…Through systematic analysis of 225 sources including academic literature, policy documents, and technical reports, we assessed the effectiveness of existing buffer configurations against multiple ecological functions in varied landscapes. Our findings reveal that conventional fixed-width policies fail to address the complex interplay between buffer effectiveness and site-specific characteristics in India’s diverse riparian ecosystems. …”
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Structural optimization of stiffened panel structures with continuous and discrete design variables using deep reinforcement learning by Ryota NONAMI, Mitsuru KITAMURA

“…To overcome such an environment, in this study, an optimization flow for structural optimization is considered, and states, actions, and rewards appropriately representing design variables, constraint conditions, and objective functions are discussed. In addition, this study also proposes incorporating an elite-preservation algorithm into DDQN to reduce the computational load of structural optimization. …”
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Mean-Field-Type Transformers by Hamidou Tembine, Manzoor Ahmed Khan, Issa Bamia

“…Due to the non-convexity of the operators’ composition, gradient-based methods alone are insufficient. To distinguish a global minimum from other extrema—such as local minima, local maxima, global maxima, and saddle points—alternative methods that exploit hidden convexities of anti-derivatives of activation functions are required. …”
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IMPLEMENTATION OF BACKPROPAGATION AND HYBRID ARIMA-NN METHODS IN PREDICTING ACCURACY LEVELS OF RAINFALL IN MAKASSAR CITY by Hisyam Ihsan, Irwan Irwan, Andi Illa Erviani Nensi

“…Rainfall data in Makassar City uses data from the rainfall measuring station at the Paotere Maritime Meteorological Station in Makassar. The activation functions used are ReLU and Leaky ReLU with epoch parameters set at 350, and learning rates of 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001, and 0.00001. …”
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Multi-neuromeric origin of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons within the substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area by José L. Ferran, José L. Ferran, Franco Lucero-Arteaga, Franco Lucero-Arteaga, Abdelmalik Ayad, Abdelmalik Ayad, Yevheniy Kutsenko, Yevheniy Kutsenko, A. Alonso, A. Alonso, B. Ribeiro Do-Couto, B. Ribeiro Do-Couto, M. Á. García-Cabezas, Kuei Y. Tseng

“…They contain dopamine-producing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons, which are historically classified into three anatomical groups—A8 (retrorubral field), A9 (SN pars compacta), and A10 (VTA)—each with distinct anatomical and functional properties. Recent studies revealed further sub-regional organization along medial-lateral and anterior–posterior gradients, suggesting specialized roles tied to their developmental origins. …”
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Bio-inspired and programmable Marangoni motor for highly maneuverable and adaptable S-aquabots by Yexi Zhou, Xiao Guan, Dazhe Zhao, Kaijun Zhang, YongAn Huang, Junwen Zhong

“…Lightweight, compact, flexible hybrid electronics are used to precisely release ethanol to achieve controllable propulsion, smart sensing, and wireless communication functions. The PM-motor utilizes the surface tension gradient generated by the ethanol, which is released from leaf-inspired veins and improves fuel efficiency by 3.5 times when compared with traditional Marangoni effect-propelled robots. …”
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Impact of Post-Thaw Enrichment of Primary Human Hepatocytes on Steatosis, Inflammation, and Fibrosis in the TruVivo^® System by Justin J. Odanga, Sharon M. Anderson, Sharon C. Presnell, Edward L. LeCluyse, Jingsong Chen, Jessica R. Weaver

“…<b>Results</b>: Changes in functionality, including albumin and urea secretion and CYP3A4 activity, were measured in diseased, T2DM, and fibrotic PHHs enriched in low Percoll compared to PHHs enriched in high Percoll. …”
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Empirical Evaluation and Analysis of YOLO Models in Smart Transportation by Lan Anh Nguyen, Manh Dat Tran, Yongseok Son

“…For instance, YOLOv5 achieves stable performance thanks to its cross-stage partial darknet-53 (CSPDarknet53) backbone, auto-anchor mechanism, and efficient loss functions including IoU loss, complete IoU loss, focal loss, gradient harmonizing mechanism loss. …”
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Development of a benthic macroinvertebrate-based multimetric index to quantify riverbed substrate condition in Swedish streams by Peter E. Carlson

“…Despite increasing recognition of the importance of substrate quality in river ecosystems, our ability to assess substrate condition effects on biodiversity and functioning of river ecosystems is at present inadequate resulting in discrepancies between the needs of conservation, restoration, and mitigation of running waters, and water management practice. …”
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Highly conductive polymer with vertical phase separation for enhanced bioelectronic interfaces by Jiahuan Qiu, Yuyao Lu, Xinyuan Qian, Junxian Yao, Chengcan Han, Ziliang Wu, Hui Ye, Guorong Shan, Qiang Zheng, Kaichen Xu, Miao Du

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Central Hemodynamics and Oxygen Transport during Alveolar Mobilization in Early Periods after Extracorporeal Circulation by I. A. Kozlov, A. A. Romanov, Ye. V. Dzybinskaya

“…Objective: to study central hemodynamics, the determinants of coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen demand, and the parameters of blood oxygen-transport function during alveolar mobilization in early periods after extracorporeal circulation in patients operated on for coronary heart disease. …”
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Study protocol for an observational cohort study of heat stress impacts in pregnancy in The Gambia, West Africa [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations] by Jane E Hirst, Ana Bonell, Abdul Sesay, Leonidas G. Ioannou, Bubacarr Bah, Kris A. Murray, Andy Haines, Sophie E. Moore, David Jeffries, Neil S Maxwell, Ana Vicero-Cabrera, Apolline Saucy, Cally Tan, Emmanuel Okoh, Dorothy Watters, Bakary Sonko, Williams Oluwatosin Adefila, Yahaya Idris, Mam Leigh-Nabou, Jarra Manneh, Andreas Flouris, Sainabou Bojang, Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri, Andrew Prentice

“…Pregnant women will be recruited from two distinct regions in The Gambia to exploit the naturally occurring heat gradient across the country. Microclimate mapping of the area of recruitment will give detailed exposure measurements. …”
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Numerical Investigation of Physical Parameters in Cardiac Vessels as a New Medical Support Science for Complex Blood Flow Characteristics by Defrianto, Toto Saktioto, Yan Soerbakti, Andika Thoibah, Bunga Meyzia, Romi Fadli Syahputra, Okfalisa, Syamsudhuha, Dedi Irawan, Haryana Hairi

“…The validity of the computational method is determined by comparing numerical experiments with the results of the analysis of different functions. Numerical analysis showed that the highest blood flow velocity of 1.22 cm/s occurred in the center of the vessel which tends to be laminar and is influenced by a low viscosity factor of 0.0015 Pa.s. …”
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Microbial degradation and watershed weathering jointly regulate soil organic matter stabilization in alpine wetlands by Bin Niu, Tianzhu Lei, Qiuyu Chen, Yilun Hu, Hailiang Dong, Yibo Yang, Jizhong Zhou, Gengxin Zhang

“…Our results highlight the need to integrate weathering and microbial functions into soil carbon models in alpine wetlands responding to climate warming.…”
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AMMap tool for additive manufacturing design, alloy discovery, and path planning by Alexander M Richter, Adam M Krajewski, Zhening Yang, Allison M Beese, Zi-Kui Liu

“…Compositionally complex materials (CCMs), such as functionally graded materials (FGMs) made by additive manufacturing (AM) often form undesired phases or cracks, negatively affecting the build. …”
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DeepMethyGene: a deep-learning model to predict gene expression using DNA methylations by Yuyao Yan, Xinyi Chai, Jiajun Liu, Sijia Wang, Wenran Li, Tao Huang

“…Abstract Gene expression is the basis for cells to achieve various functions, while DNA methylation constitutes a critical epigenetic mechanism governing gene expression regulation. …”
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A Quality Soft Sensing Method Designed for Complex Multi-process Manufacturing Procedures by Kaixiang PENG, Xin QIN, Jiahao WANG, Hui YANG

“…GA is employed as the optimal feature search strategy, where the initial feature subset is binary encoded (1 for selected feature, 0 for unselected feature), and an initial population is randomly generated. The fitness function is constructed by combining the prediction accuracy of the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model and the number of selected features, to measure the fitness of each individual in the population. …”
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Predicting Endpoint Temperature of Molten Steel in VD Furnace Refining Process Using Metallurgical Mechanism and Bayesian Optimization XGBoost by Ji XU, Zicheng XIN, Mo LAN, Wenhui LIN, Bo ZHANG, Qing LIU

“…Unlike other furnaces, the VD furnace lacks a heating function, leading to a significant drop in the temperature of molten steel during the refining process. …”
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Domain-Adaptive Direction of Arrival (DOA) Estimation in Complex Indoor Environments Based on Convolutional Autoencoder and Transfer Learning by Lingyu Shen, Jianfeng Li, Jingjing Pan, Junpeng Shi, Rui Xu, Hao Wang, Weiming Deng

“…The approach begins with deep feature extraction using a Convolutional Autoencoder (CAE) and employs a Domain-Adversarial Neural Network (DANN) for domain adaptation. By integrating Gradient Reversal Layer (GRL) and Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) loss functions, the model effectively reduces distributional differences between the source and target domains. …”
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Mapping strain and structural heterogeneities around bubbles in amorphous ionically conductive Bi2O3 by Ellis Rae Kennedy, Stephanie M. Ribet, Ian S. Winter, Caitlin A. Kohnert, Yongqiang Wang, Karen C. Bustillo, Colin Ophus, Benjamin K. Derby

“…Although considering structural heterogeneity in amorphous systems is non-trivial, these features have crucial impacts on material functionalities, such as mechanical strength, ionic conductivity, and electronic mobility.…”
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