Severity of native pulmonary annular hypoplasia and late outcomes of tetralogy of Fallot: retrospective cohort study by Tugba Erdil, Klaus Steigmiller, John Ethan Rampa, Martin Christmann, Ulrike Held, Hitendu Dave

“…This retrospective study aimed to analyse factors affecting contemporary long-term outcomes with a focus on pulmonary annular growth and function over time. METHODS: 131 consecutive isolated tetralogy of Fallot repairs performed between 2004 and 2014 at University Children’s Hospital Zurich were included. …”
Get full text

The Impact of High Canopy Vegetation-Atmosphere Storage on Surface Energy Closure over the Eastern Slope of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau by Yuchen LIU, Maoshan LI, Na CHANG, Yonghao JIANG, Ting WANG, Pei XU

“…The phenomenon of near-surface energy budget imbalance is widespread， especially in the complex underlying surface such as mountain lakes.Due to the heterogeneity of the surface， the energy closure is poor， and the influence of the energy storage term between the atmosphere of the high canopy vegetation in the mountain on the energy closure is often ignored.This paper is based on the gradient tower meteorological data， radiation observation data and turbulence observation data of the eddy covariance system of Mount Emei Atmosphere and Environment Comprehensive Observation Experimental Station of Chengdu University of Information Technology （hereinafter referred to as "Mount Emei Station"） from June 2022 to October 2022.The Ogive function was used to analyze the average time suitable for the turbulent flux calculation at the forest station， and the soil heat flux and energy storage between vegetation and atmosphere were calculated， and the changes of near-surface energy balance after considering the storage terms between vegetation and atmosphere were analyzed.The results show that extending the average time to calculate turbulent flux to 60 minutes can capture larger turbulent vortices at some moments to a certain extent， but the energy balance ratio is lower than the average time of 30 minutes， so it is considered that the average time of 30 minutes is still suitable for the calculation of turbulent flux at Emei Mountain Station.The energy storage item of vegetation atmosphere improves the energy balance ratio by about 3.65%.Considering that this item has the effect of improving energy closure in most of the time， the energy storage item of photosynthesis contributes the most to improving energy closure， followed by the heat storage item of vegetation canopy， followed by the sensible heat storage item， and the latent heat storage item contributes the least.All the energy storage items in the atmosphere of high canopy vegetation have obvious single-peak diurnal variation characteristics.The peak value of heat storage items in vegetation canopy can reach up to 26 W·m-2， and the energy balance ratio can be increased by 1.57% when the heat storage items in vegetation canopy are considered.The peak value of the photosynthetic storage term can reach about 8 W·m-2， and the average daily storage capacity is about 141.6 W·m-2， which is the main energy storage term.Considering the photosynthetic storage term， the energy balance ratio can be improved by 1.65%， accounting for 45% of the overall effect.The peak value of sensible heat storage term is about 5 W·m-2， the magnitude of latent heat storage term is very small， and the effect on energy closure is also small.Vegetation-atmosphere storage terms cannot be ignored except latent heat storage terms which are very small.When considering the energy storage between vegetation and atmosphere， the energy closure problem still exists.Therefore， in addition to the energy storage term， the influence of large-scale vortices induced by the underlying mountain surface on the near-surface energy budget also needs to be further studied.…”
Get full text

Procedural Mechanics and Pitfalls of Neuraxial Anesthesia in Obstetrics: A Physics-based Approach by Dharam Persaud-Sharma, Avaneesh Kunta, Chamara Gunaratne, William Philips, Vishaal Kunta, Ray Pak, Bunty Shah

“…Spinals and epidurals can greatly enhance a patient’s quality of life but there often exists a limited understanding of the mechanics of performing such procedures, thus hindering the troubleshooting of non-functional or partially functional epidurals. Understanding how mechanical factors like patient anatomy, clinical history, anesthetic injection rate, pressure gradients between the epidural and intrathecal spaces, and medication infusion are crucial for preventing complications like false analgesic levels, failed epidurals, or total/high spinal. …”
Get full text

Novel Bounds for Incremental Hessian Estimation With Application to Zeroth-Order Federated Learning by Alessio Maritan, Luca Schenato, Subhrakanti Dey

“…The Hessian matrix conveys important information about the curvature, spectrum and partial derivatives of a function, and is required in a variety of tasks. However, computing the exact Hessian is prohibitively expensive for high-dimensional input spaces, and is just impossible in zeroth-order optimization, where the objective function is a black-box of which only input-output pairs are known. …”
Get full text

A Constrained Algorithm Based NMFα for Image Representation by Chenxue Yang, Tao Li, Mao Ye, Zijian Liu, Jiao Bao

“…The resulted algorithm is derived by using Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions as well as the projected gradient and its monotonic local convergence is proved by using auxiliary functions. …”
Get full text

Potentialities and development of groundwater resources applying machine learning models in the extended section of Manbhum-Singhbhum Plateau, India by Arijit Ghosh, Biswajit Bera

“…Groundwater is essential for living earth including ecosystem functioning and development of society worldwide. In recent times, demand and pressure on groundwater resources are progressively increasing over time. …”
Get full text

Optimization with Time and Frequency Constraints Using Automatic Differentiation: Application to an Aircraft Electrical Power Channel by Lucas Agobert, Laurent Gerbaud, Benoit Delinchant

“…Furthermore, the developed solver incorporates original functionalities that are crucial for optimization, such as the ability to automatically detect the steady state and extract time-domain and frequency-domain features from the simulations to be optimized or constrained. …”
Get full text

Adaptive Neural Tracking Control of Robotic Manipulators with Guaranteed NN Weight Convergence by Jun Yang, Jing Na, Guanbin Gao, Chao Zhang

“…In addition, two auxiliary functions are introduced to reformulate the robotic model for designing the adaptive law, and a filter operation is used to avoid measuring the acceleration signals. …”
Get full text

From dairy to plant products: Understanding their structural fingerprints with X-rays by Eleonora Olsmats, Adrian R. Rennie

“…This approach helps optimize plant-based formulations by connecting structure and functionality and demonstrates the potential of scattering techniques in food structure research and design.…”
Get full text

Effect of Pressure on MHD Flow of Blood-Based Hybrid Nanofluid Through an Inclined Stenotic–Aneurysmal Artery by Issah Imoro, Christian John Etwire, Rabiu Musah

“…Pressure gradient influence on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of blood-based hybrid nanofluid containing gold and copper nanoparticles is investigated in the present study. …”
Get full text

Rationally designed biomimetic bone scaffolds with hierarchical porous-architecture: Microstructure and mechanical performance by Vijay Shankar Kumawat, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh, Subrata Bandhu Ghosh

“…A biomimetic strategy was adopted by incorporating nano-fluorcanasite (nFC) within biocompatible and biodegradable poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix to obtain functionally tuned bio-nanocomposite bone scaffolds. …”
Get full text

Beyond awareness: the binding of reflexive mechanisms with the conscious mind: a perspective from default space theory by Ravinder Jerath, Connor Beveridge

“…The Default Space Theory of Consciousness (DST) offers a novel way to interpret these questions by describing how sensory inputs, cognitive functions, emotional states, and unconscious processes are integrated by a single unified internal representation. …”
Get full text

THE REAL-TIME WATER DISCHARGE COMPUTATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF UNSTEADY FLOW (THE YANA RIVER IN THE VERKHOYANSK GAGING SECTION AS A STUDY CASE) by Yulia V. Izyurova

“…The real-time water discharge computation involves practical real-time computation of water discharge values to ensure forecasting and preventing dangerous hydrological phenomena, as well as daily monitoring of river water content and information support for the functioning of water management facilities in river basins. …”

Three-Dimensional Aerodynamic Optimization of Single-Layer Reticulated Cylindrical Roofs Subjected to Mean Wind Loads by Bingbing San, Chen Xu, Ye Qiu

“…The aim of this paper is to determine the best performing rise-to-span ratio of cylindrical roofs based on the gradient algorithm. Two objective functions were considered to minimize the highest mean suction on the roof surface and the maximum response displacement of the single-layer reticulated cylindrical shell subjected to mean wind loads. …”
Get full text

High-Intensity Training on Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review by Catalya Christina Cantika, Muhammad Nur Hidayah Rayhan Wiradiharja, Lufthi Fahreza, Cici Irawanti Putri, Verousson Ahmad, Muhana Fawwazy Ilyas, Matthew Aldo Wijayanto, Adigama Priamas Febrianto

“…HIT improves cardiac function and exercise capacity in patients with HCM without increasing the risk of severe adverse events. …”
Get full text

Contribution of glial inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels to potassium buffering in insect neural systems by Rui Chen, Zhilin Li, Alyssa Johnson, Daniel R. Swale

“…Summary: There is a paucity of information pertaining to the fundamental roles of glia in insect central nervous system (CNS) function and in the maintenance of ionic gradients. …”
Get full text

Adaptive Grid Generation by Solving One-Dimensional Diffusion Equation Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks by Olzhas Turar, Maksat Mustafin, Darkhan Akhmed-Zaki

“…The grid adaptation process is described by the diffusion equation, which allows for the redistribution of nodes based on a control function. The numerical method employs an iterative scheme that adjusts the node positions according to the solution gradients, ensuring local refinement in key regions. …”
Get full text

Territories -in- between by Alexander Wandl

“…The comparison with widely used urban-rural classifications shows that the notion of TiB has three advantages: (i) it maps the complexity of the spatial structure of urbanised areas on a regional scale, and thereby helps to overcome the prevalent idea that urbanised regions are characterised by a spatial gradient from urban centre(s) to rural periphery; (ii) it emphasises the network structure of territories-in-between and the underlying connectivity of places with different functions; and (iii) it raises awareness that in some parts of Europe a settlement pattern has developed that cannot be understood as either urban or rural. …”
Get full text

Pathogenetic Mechanisms of the Occurrence of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis with the Activation-Enzymatic and Phenotypic Features of Lymphocytes by Lychkovska N., Chopyak V., Vorobets Z.

“…Studies of biochemistry and physiology in recent decades have shown that precision control (NO) and (Ca2+) and the functioning of cellular enzymatic systems are provided. …”
Get full text

A comparative DFT study to investigate structural, electronic, and optical properties and bandgap engineering of 2D XSn4O7(X=Ba, Ca) and XSi4O9(X=Ba, Ca) materials for photocatalyt... by Muhammad Hasnain Jameel, Alaa Nihad Tuama, Salim Oudah Mezan, Basheer A. Abdulkhudher, Aqeela Yasin, Mohd Zul Hilmi Bin Mayzan, Muhammad Sufi bin Roslan, Karrar Mahdi Badi, Laith H. Alzubaidi

“…This comparison study is based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) to investigate the structural, electrical, and optical properties of two-dimensional XSn4O7(X=Ba, Ca) and XSi4O9(X = Ba, Ca) materials. …”
Get full text