Efficient Frequency-Dependent Newmark-Beta-FDTD Method for Periodic Grating Calculation by Sheng-Bing Shi, Wei Shao, Tu-Lu Liang, Li-Ye Xiao, Xue-Song Yang, Haiyan Ou

“…In this paper, the Newmark-Beta algorithm is introduced into the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method in dispersion media, resulting in an unconditionally stable method for periodic metallic grating analysis. …”
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The polymerization efficiency of a bulk-fill composite based on matrix-modification technology by Tarek M. Elshazly, Christoph Bourauel, Moustafa N. Aboushelib, Dalia I. Sherief, Dalia I. El-Korashy

“…The elution quantity and rate varied significantly over storage periods and between different monomers. SEM images showed differences in fillers' sizes and agglomeration between both materials.ConclusionsMatrix-modified bulk-fill composites could be packed and cured in bulk with polymerization efficiency similar to conventional composites.…”
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Efficient Waveguide Mode Conversions by Spoof Surface Plasmon Polaritons at Terahertz Frequencies by Heng-He Tang, Bin Huang, Tie-Jun Huang, Yunhua Tan, Pu-Kun Liu

“…The principle of the method relies on modulating the phase velocities of spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) supported on the gratings to generate π phase difference. Owing to the gradient matching the phase velocities of the waveguide modes and SSPPs, the efficiencies of the mode conversions are considerable. …”
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Driving Strategy Using an Improved Ant Colony System for Energy-Efficient Train by Chengda Yang, Kun Miao, Jieyuan Wang

“…To solve this model efficiently, an improved ant colony system algorithm with the difference edges (ACSd) is proposed, which takes the heuristic effect of the difference between the best solutions of two adjacent iterations, i.e., “the difference edges,” into account. …”
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The Impact of Government Digital Transformation on Land Use Efficiency: Evidence from China by Yan Jiang, Lun Yang, Xiaokun Wei, Xiaodong Zhang

“…Digital transformation has become a prominent trend in both the private and public sectors. Different from studies focusing on the transformation of the private sector, this study aims to investigate the impact of public sector digitalization, i.e., government digital transformation (GDT), on land use efficiency (LUE). …”
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The Impact of Market Maker Competition on Price Efficiency Features in the Tunisian stock Market by F. Hachicha

“…In addition, the price efficiency increased considerably after the introduction of new market makers by using the difference-in-difference (DID) model. …”
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The impact of cigarette smoking on the efficiency of local anesthesia during simple tooth extraction by Noor Mohammed Al-Noori, Noor Sahban Ibraheem, Mohammed Majid Abdulmunem

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Coasting-cruising Combined Control Strategy Based on Train Energy-efficient Operation by GAO Hao, CHAI Juan, LING Xiaoque, XU Haigui

“…But in long downhill sections, there is no significant difference in energy-saving optimization effects between the two control strategies. …”
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Analysis of the Saliency Ratio Effect on the Output Torque and the System Efficiency in IPM Drives by Mikail Koç, Osman Emre Özçiflikçi

“…First, efficient torque control systems have been implemented and successfully achieved for two identical IPMs with only difference in saliency ratios. …”
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The quality of the organic materials determines its carbon conversion efficiency in tropical latosol by Shuhui Song, Siru Liu, Yanan Liu, Lei Shi, Huayong Li, Weiqi Shi, Haiyang Ma

“…The main factor that determines the difference in carbon conversion efficiency is the composition of organic materials. …”
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Efficient spectral data reduction for accurate iodine quantification in multi-energy CT by Olivia F. Sandvold, Roland Proksa, Heiner Daerr, Amy E. Perkins, Kevin M. Brown, Thomas Koehler, Ravindra M. Manjeshwar, Peter B. Noël

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Microplastics in drinking water. Efficiency of treatment and distribution of a drinking water cycle by R. Rodríguez-Barroso, A. Cruceira, M.D. Coello, J.M. Quiroga, A. Egea-Corbacho

“…In order to carry out the study, several samples were taken at different points of the drinking water distribution pathway. …”
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Farmland production carbon efficiency in China based on the “natural-anthropogenic” dual structure by ZHOU Cheng, ZHANG Mei, CHUAI Xiaowei

“…The overall efficiency level of the Northeast Plain, Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, South China, and Qinghai Plateau was high, and the overall efficiency level of the Loess Plateau was low. (3) The difference in technical efficiency was the main reason for the difference in carbon efficiency. …”
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Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 variants: The issues of hybrid immunity efficiency by I. A. Pobozhaya, N. M. Kalinina, N. V. Makarova

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Efficient Newton-Type Solvers Based on for Finding the Solution of Nonlinear Algebraic Problems by Haifa Bin Jebreen, Hongzhou Wang, Yurilev Chalco-Cano

“…To this end, a multi-step solver based on Newton’s method is utilized. Divided difference operators are applied at two substeps in various forms to enhance the convergence speed and, consequently, the solver’s efficiency index. …”
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Blockchain and tokenized carbon markets: Empirical evidence on market efficiency and transaction dynamics by Haykel Tlili

“…Drawing on a panel dataset of daily transactions from leading tokenized carbon platforms between 2020 and 2023, the study applies a fixed-effects Difference-in-Differences (DiD) framework to assess how the introduction of blockchain-based infrastructure influences carbon asset prices and trading volumes. …”
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The Effect of Overconfidence, Representative, Anchoring, and Availability Biases on Investment Decisions and Market Efficiency by Werner Ria Murhadi, Daniel Irvansyah, Putu Anom Mahadwartha

“…The variable investment decision significantly influences perceived market efficiency. Investors with investment experience above five years and a high income can make a difference in investment decisions chosen by investors. …”
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CALCULATION AND ANALYSIS IN THE EFFICIENCY OF APPLYING THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS WITHIN INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS by ANDREI DIAMANDESCU, VIRGILIU-LUCIAN IONIȚĂ

“…If in terms of the total quality management system – TQM, the impact may be measured by comparing the business performance with a reference standard (for instance ISO 9001), which records the difference compared to the performance prior to implementing the TQM, or, on rarer occasions, by optimizing the costs of quality with the help of econometric models, for the integrated quality improvement system, comprising of the TQM system based on the ISO standards and the Kaizen management system, which we propose and assess within this article, the efficiency/performance will be measured through a methodology based on analyzing the evolution of financial indicators for business performance. …”
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Computationally Efficient DOA Tracking Algorithm in Monostatic MIMO Radar with Automatic Association by Huaxin Yu, Xiaofei Zhang, Xueqiang Chen, Hailang Wu

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EFFICIENCY OF DYNAMIC ELECTRONEUROSTIMULATION IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER RANDOMIZED STUDY by O. M. Lesnyak, E. Yu. Kadochnikova, L. I. Alekseeva, I. G. Dydykina, O. B. Ershova, E. M. Zaitseva, T. A. Korotkova, T. A. Popova, M. L. Sukhareva, E. A. Taskina, V. N. Khodyrev, E. P. Sharapova, A. G. Solodovnikov, A. A. Vlasov

“…In the placebo group, the similar procedure was performed with a switched-on placebo apparatus that did not differ in appearance from the working apparatus; but produced no electrical pulses. …”
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