IRAQ'S AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY AND THE REALITY OF THE VARIABLRS AND THE RESULTS OBJECTIVE CURRICULUM AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR THE PERIOD (1990-2011) by Salim Al-Nuaimy, Mahasen. M Al-Jeboury

“…The research aims to formulate sober policies and practical actions contribute to adjust the course of the agricultural sector and to achieve its goals, which will make it easier to raise production and productivity, Variables of agricultural sector were agricultural work, capital accumulation agricultural, technical mechanism, technical chemical, agricultural loans, agricultural export, import of agricultural, national income, domestic consumption, the cultivatedareas, that have been expressed as (policies of productivity and investment, marketing and price) where its impact was deare on the growth of the agricultural sector and overall productivity during (1990-2010) and the development process and increase production and productivity in the agricultural sector associated with economic, social and institutional multiple and overlapping factors that effects the forms and varying proportions in its impact on agricultural output, which had been measured under function producing an aggregate of variables agricultural policy and its contribution to productivity growth as well as measuring productivity elements total (TFP) by using index (Malmaquist) depending on the (DEAP). …”
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Quality control of DEMs using check surfaces by Francisco Javier Ariza-López, José Rodríguez-Avi

“…Using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic, the observed distribution functions of the results for different sample sizes (20, 50, 100) and different patch sizes (3 × 3, 5 × 5, 9 × 9, 11 × 11, 15 × 15, 19 × 19) and for a sample of points are compared against the true population distribution function. …”
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Neuroscience-informed nomogram model for early prediction of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease by Sudharshan Putha, Swaroop Reddy Gayam, Bhavani Prasad Kasaraneni, Krishna Kanth Kondapaka, Sateesh Kumar Nallamala, Praveen Thuniki

“…The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was applied to identify highly correlated clinical variables influencing cognitive function. Subsequently, these variables were integrated into a visualized nomogram model to facilitate early prediction of cognitive impairment (CI) risk. …”
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A New Optimization Approach for Maximizing the Photovoltaic Panel Power Based on Genetic Algorithm and Lagrange Multiplier Algorithm by Mahdi M. M. El-Arini, Ahmed M. Othman, Ahmed Fathy

“…The technique which is based on objective function represents the output power of the PV panel and constraints, equality and inequality. …”
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A Three-Block Inexact Heterogeneous Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers for Elliptic PDE-Constrained Optimization Problems with a Control Gradient Penalty Term by Xiaotong Chen, Tongtong Wang, Xiaoliang Song

“…In some practical applications, it is necessary to smooth the control variables and suppress their large fluctuations, especially at the boundary. …”
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Optimization of Aerodynamic Design of a Winged UAV Through Genetic Algorithms and Large Eddy Simulation by Mohammad Javad Ebrahimi, Mahmoud Pasandidehfard, Ali Esmaeili, Mohammad Hossein Moghimi Esfandabadi

“…Optimization was conducted for six variables in a single stage, with 25 tests performed. …”
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Optimal tuning of multi-PID controller using improved CMOCSO algorithm by Ying Hu, Xiongyan Liu, Hao Chen

“…In this model, the parameters are designated as decision variables, the performance index serves as the objective function, and the stability constraints of the system are incorporated. …”
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Performance Investigation of Coated Carbide Tools in Milling Procedures by Paschalis Charalampous

“…The optimization of the manufacturing conditions in milling processes composes a crucial task for enhancing machining efficiency and extending the tool’s lifespan. This study presents an investigation of the cutting tool’s performance under varying machining parameters via the generation of an experimental dataset that was obtained through laboratory-controlled milling operations. …”
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Response Surface Optimization of CuS Photocatalytic Process Using UV‐vis Irradiation for Wastewater Treatment by Caressa Munien, Emmanuel Kweinor Tetteh, Sudesh Rathilal

“…Thus, this study aimed to optimize the operating parameters of the photocatalytic degradation process using copper sulphide (CuS) and UV‐visible irradiation via response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the relationship that exists between the most significant factors and the water quality parameters. The efficiency of the CuS photocatalyst was evaluated as a function of three input variables viz. …”
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Development of Sub-channel Program and Multi-objective Optimization Method Research for Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger by CHEN Liqin, HUO Honglei, XIE Renyao, YANG Yi

“…The results of sensitivity analysis show that as the flow channel width and height of the cold side flow channel increase, the sensitivity of the objective function to the variables continues to decrease, the optimization effect gradually becomes worse, and there are optimal design points, which are 4 mm and 1 mm respectively. …”
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Optimal power flow using recent red-tailed hawk optimization algorithm by Ahmed M Nassef, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Mohamed Louzazni

“…The optimal power flow (OPF) solution determines the most efficient and secure operating point by considering certain objective functions and ensuring the system's operational restrictions are met. …”
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Compilation of the Accelerated Test Spectrum of Transmission based on Low Loading Strengthening Effect by Zou Xihong, Yang Zhenliang, Yuan Dongmei, Peng Jigang, Zhou Yujun

“…The indoor simulation bench test of transmission is an important method of assessment,evaluation and promotion of its performance.Taking transmission as an example,a program load spectrum compiling method for transmission accelerated fatigue test is presented.The actual road load spectrum of automobile transmission is collected on Automobile Proving Ground in Dianjiang used wireless telemetry technology.The actual load spectrum is pretreated divided gear position,the second gear load spectrum is selected as an example.The frequency distribution matrix of load is obtained based on rainflow counting method,the distributions of mean and range are found to confirm with normal distribution and two- parameter Weibull distribution respectively.The mean of the normal distribution is 91.77 N·m,and the standard deviation is 163.27 N·m,the shape parameter of Weibull distribution is 1.346,and the scale parameter is 305.489,the distributions of load range and mean is independent.The two- dimensional load spectrum with 8×8 levels is established with joint probability distribution function.After two- dimensional load spectra is transformed into one- dimensional 8-level load spectra with variable mean method.Based on damage and low loading strengthening property of half shaft,the equivalent strengthening rule between strengthening loads is explored.By transferring the strengthening loads to the most effective level,the load loading frequency reduced,test efficiency is improved.…”
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Physics-augmented deep learning models for improving evapotranspiration estimation in global land regions by Binrui Liu, Xinguang He, Wenkai Lyu, Lizhi Tao

“…A Physics-Data Learning (PDL) model is first formed by adding a complementary physical variable generated by Penman–Monteith (PM) equation to a deep learning (DL) model along with driving variables to regress latent heat flux. …”
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Effects of Different Irrigation Regimes on Root Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Mulch-Free Cotton in Southern Xinjiang by Feiyan Su, Ziyang Guo, Bingrong Wu, Jichuan Wang, Shuangrong Chen

“…It can be concluded that no mulching has a certain impact on cotton root distribution and leaf physiological function. When the irrigation amount is 450–525 mm and irrigation times is 10–12, it is beneficial for promoting root growth and plays a role in leaf physiological function, and the water use efficiency (WUE) is high, which can provide reference for the scientific water management of mulch-free cotton in production practice.…”
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Development and optimization of an electrohydrodynamic dehydrator using ANN-GA for improved energy performance by Chakrit Suvanjumrat, Klar Kongsarai, Piyamon Phong-arom, Namnguen Chumphong, Machimontorn Promtong, Jetsadaporn Priyadumkol

“…The diffusion coefficient extracted from the moisture ratio function was used to assess the drying kinetics, while SEC was used to evaluate the energy efficiency of the EHD dehydrator under different parameter settings. …”
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Two-Echelon Location-Routing Problem with Fuzzy Demand of Rural E-Commerce Logistics by Xiaojuan LU, Jianjun WANG, Shuai WU, Shiyu ZHENG, Qian LIU

“…Considering fuzzy demand, government subsidies and simultaneous delivery, the objective function aims to maximise the profit of enterprises considering government subsidies. …”
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Enhancing wireless applications through reconfigurable electro-mechanical reflectarray antenna design for beam steering by Behrokh Beiranvand, Rashid Mirzavand

“…The proposed design involves multiple reflective strips at variable heights, enabling significant adaptability to incident waves at various angles. …”
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A Low-Complexity Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Algorithm for Noncircular Signals via Subspace Rotation Technique by Wei Wang, Ming Zhang, Bobin Yao, Tongxing Zheng, Xiaojiao Fan

“…Then, utilizing the separation of variables and the orthogonality between the reduced-dimension noise subspace and the space spanned by the columns of the extended manifold matrix, a new one-dimensional spectral search function is derived to estimate DoAs. …”
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Spatiotemporal Multivariate Weather Prediction Network Based on CNN-Transformer by Ruowu Wu, Yandan Liang, Lianlei Lin, Zongwei Zhang

“…However, the existing data-based weather prediction methods cannot adequately capture the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the target region, which makes it difficult for the existing methods to meet practical application requirements in terms of efficiency and accuracy. Changes in weather involve both strongly correlated spatial and temporal continuation relationships, and at the same time, the variables interact with each other, so capturing the dynamic correlations among space, time, and variables is particularly important for accurate weather prediction. …”
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Improved Nonprobabilistic Global Optimal Solution Method and Its Application in Bridge Reliability Assessment by Xiaoya Bian, Xuyong Chen, Hongyin Yang, Chen You

“…The presented method possessed the advantages of searching all probable failure points and generating less computation, by means of which the values of interval variables were determined based on the monotonicity of performance function to the corresponding variables. …”
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