On optimization of substrate removal in a bioreactor with wall attached and suspended bacteria by Alma Mašić, Hermann J. Eberl

“…These control functions start with an initial no-flow period and then switch to a constant flow rate until the buffer vessel is empty. …”
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Prediction of Expected Fouling Time During Transmembrane Transition in Reverse Osmosis Systems by Jozsef Lakner, Gabor Lakner

“…However, due to the porous structure of membranes, they are prone to fouling, which reduces their efficiency and can eventually render the membranes incapable of functioning. …”
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Psychophysiological and Performance Effects of Biofeedback and Neurofeedback Interventions in a Top 100 Female Chess Player by Juan Pedro Fuentes-García, Santos Villafaina

“…Specifically, the sensorimotor rhythm stimulation (12–15 Hz) can enhance cognitive functions such as selective attention and working memory. …”
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Exploring individual and organizational contributors to workplace deviant behavior by D. Daryono, R. Gunawan, U. Udin

“…The novelty and originality of this research lie in its integration of these three variables to understand their combined impact on workplace deviant behavior. …”
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Gross Tonnage-Based Statistical Modeling and Calculation of Shipping Emissions for the Bosphorus Strait by Kaan Ünlügençoğlu

“…These EPA-estimated values served as dependent variables in the modeling process. The modeling framework followed a three-step strategy: (1) outlier detection using Rosner’s test to reduce the influence of outliers on model accuracy, (2) curve fitting with 12 regression models representing four curve types—polynomial (e.g., linear, quadratic), concave/convex (e.g., exponential, logarithmic), sigmoidal (e.g., logistic, Gompertz, Weibull), and spline-based (e.g., cubic spline, natural spline)—to capture diverse functional relationships between GT and emissions, and (3) model comparison using difference performance metrics to ensure a comprehensive assessment of predictive accuracy, consistency, and bias. …”
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Reconstructing Equatorial Electron Flux Measurements From Low‐Earth‐Orbit: A Conjunction Based Framework by D. L. Stumbaugh, J. Bortnik, S. G. Claudepierre

“…For each conjunction, we fit the equatorial pitch angle distribution (PAD) parameterized by the function JD=C⋅sinNα. The resulting conjunction data set contains the POES electron flux measurements, L and magnetic local time coordinates, geomagnetic activity Auroral Electrojet index, and C and N coefficients from the PAD fit for each conjunction. …”
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RP-18 HPLC Analysis of Drugs’ Ability to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier by Anna W. Sobańska, Adam Hekner, Elżbieta Brzezińska

“…On the other hand, discriminant function analyses involving log k and (log k)/PSA as discriminating variables separated the CNS+ and CNS− compounds with the success rate ca. 90%. …”
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Deep learning algorithm on H&E whole slide images to characterize TP53 alterations frequency and spatial distribution in breast cancer by Chiara Frascarelli, Konstantinos Venetis, Antonio Marra, Eltjona Mane, Mariia Ivanova, Giulia Cursano, Francesca Maria Porta, Alberto Concardi, Arnaud Gerard Michel Ceol, Annarosa Farina, Carmen Criscitiello, Giuseppe Curigliano, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Nicola Fusco

“…The DL model exhibited high accuracy in tissue quantification and TP53 status prediction, outperforming traditional methods in terms of precision and efficiency. DL-based approaches offer significant promise for enhancing biomarker testing and precision oncology by reducing intra- and inter-observer variability, but further validation is required to optimize their integration into real-world clinical workflows. …”
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The Brain Behind the Grid: A Comprehensive Review on Advanced Control Strategies for Smart Energy Management Systems by Gowthamraj Rajendran, Reiko Raute, Cedric Caruana

“…This paper presents a systematic review of key digital technologies—such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and digital twins—employed in AES, providing a critical assessment of their individual functionalities, interdependencies, and collective contributions to the energy sector. …”
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Robust IoT Activity Recognition via Stochastic and Deep Learning by Xuewei Wang, Shihao Wang, Xiaoxi Zhang, Chunsheng Li

“…Our approach begins with a rigorous preprocessing pipeline—encompassing filtering and normalization—to enhance data quality, followed by the application of probability density functions and key statistical measures to capture intrinsic sensor characteristics. …”
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Factors Determining Trade Credit Dynamics During Crisis: Panel Data Analysis for Macedonian Firms by F. Deari, V. V. Lakshina

“…The study includes a review of the literature on commercial credit factors; elaborately analyzed descriptive statistics of the collected data and dependent variable variance; tests for unobservable effects and their functional form; evaluation of panel regression and interpretation of the results. …”
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Frequency Stability Analysis Based on Full State Model in Autonomous-Synchronization Voltage Source Interfaced Power System by Zhenyao LI, Deqiang GAN, Moude LUAN, Guoqing HE

“…Then, the parameters of the autonomous-synchronization voltage source model are compared with those of the synchronous machine model, and it is proved that the function of the governor is equivalent to increasing the system damping, which can reduce the steady-state error of the system frequency after being disturbed. …”
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Feasibility Assessment of Novel Multi-Mode Camshaft Design Through Modal Analysis by Merve Üngör, Osman Taha Sen, Akif Yavuz, Cemal Baykara

“…Camshafts in internal combustion engines are critical components not only for mechanical functionality but also for dynamic performance and vibration characteristics. …”
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Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Modeling of Plasma and Ultrasound-assisted Air Drying of Cumin Seeds by M. Namjoo, M. Moradi, M. A. Nematollahi, H. Golbakhshi

“…Therefore, the wavelet-based neural network (WNN), the multilayer perceptron neural network (MLPNN), and the radial-basis function neural network (RBFNN), as three well-known artificial neural networks models, were used to map the inputs and output data and the results were compared with the Multiple Quadratic Regression (MQR) analysis. …”
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Research on optimization strategies of university ideological and political parenting models under the empowerment of digital intelligence by Fan Lv

“…It constructs the no-incentive, cost-sharing, and collaborative cooperation models, respectively, and obtains the optimal trajectories for the degree of effort, the subsidy coefficient, the optimal benefit function, and the digital and intelligent technology stock. …”
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Assessment of Intrarenal Artery Doppler Resistive Index in Normotensive Patients and Patients with Essential Hypertension by Obinna E. Abonyi, Uloma B. Nwogu, Vitus K. Ika, Julius A. Agbo, Beatrice U. Maduka, Sharonrose O. Nwadike

“…The renal resistive index (RRI) is a useful tool for assessing kidney function in hypertensive patients, but population-specific data are scarce. …”
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Association between TSH Values and GFR Levels in Euthyroid Cases with Metabolic Syndrome by H. Keskin, K. Cadirci, K. Gungor, T. Karaaslan, T. Usta, A. Ozkeskin, A. Musayeva, F. Yesildal, F. Isman, H. Y. Zengin

“…Partial correlation coefficients were calculated to investigate the relationship between the eGFR values and several other numerical variables while controlling for age and BMI in addition to the adjusted gender effect. …”
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A Mimetic Assay of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Degradation Using YOYO-1-Stained DNA-Histone Surface Webs by Katherine H. Nguyen, Midori L. Wasielewski, Srilakshmi Yalavarthi, Xianggui Qu, Jason S. Knight, Shuichi Takayama

“…This paper describes a simplified, lower variability mimetic assay with DNA–histone structures, referred to as surface webs, that performs functionally similarly to traditional NET degradation assays with increased scalability, ease of use, shorter preparation time, and lowered costs. …”
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Investigating factors affecting the quality of water resources by multivariate analysis and soft computing approaches by Bing Cheng, Xinyu Liu, Keke Guo, Ahmad Rastegarnia

“…Therefore, Na+, Cl+, Na%, CO3 −, and SO4 2− were used as input variables (independent variables), and EC, TDS, and SAR were used as output variables (dependent variables). …”
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Long-term conservation tillage breaks the plough pan and promotes the development of preferential flow by Jinze Han, Jianye Li, Qiang Chen, Xingyi Zhang

“…Macropores and preferential flow critically regulate soil hydrological functions and ecosystem services in agricultural systems. …”
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