A Gradient Grating Period Guided-Mode Resonance Spectrometer by Hsin-Yun Hsu, Yi-Hsuan Lan, Cheng-Sheng Huang

“…The GMR is specially designed to exhibit gradient grating periods (GPPs) laterally to ensure that the GMR functions as a linear-variable bandstop filter. Each period corresponds to a resonant wavelength such that this wavelength is reflected back at its corresponding resonant period and transmitted to all other periods. …”
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Contribution of entropy analysis on three-dimensional Prandtl model under Hall and ion slip effects with generalized mass and heat fluxes via OHAM by Sana Akbar, Muhammad Sohail, Syed Tehseen Abbas, Abha Singh

“…This article also examined the combined impacts of thermal conductivity change together with variable mass diffusion co-efficient within the heat and mass transport in the occurrence of Prandtl fluid. …”
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Autonomous obstacle avoidance of underground coal mine transport robots based on intrinsic motivation reinforcement learning algorithm by ZHAO Kebao, LI Lingfeng, CHEN Zhuo, HAN Jun, YIN Rui

“…Existing robot obstacle avoidance methods mostly rely on preset rules or external reward signals, making it difficult to adapt to the complex and variable underground environment in coal mines. To achieve autonomous and efficient obstacle avoidance for underground coal mine transport robots, an autonomous obstacle avoidance method for underground coal mine transport robot based on Intrinsic Motivation Reinforcement Learning (IM-RL) algorithm was proposed. …”
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The Relation between Contraception Methods and Quality of Life by Narjes Bahri, Hamid R Tohidinik, Roghayeh R Bilandi, Mona Larki, Fatemeh Hooshangi, Maliheh Soltanian

“…After performing different statistical tests in bivariate analysis, the multi-variable linear regression was used to assess the association between method of contraception and domains of quality of life adjusting for other confounding factors Results: Women with Tubal sterilization had significant worse “physical functioning” [adjusted regression coefficient=-5.14 (95%CI:-10.2 to -0.01)] but better “general health perceptions” [adjusted regression coefficient=6.8(95%CI: 2.1 to 11.5)] than those preferring male condom (reference). …”
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Structural Parameter Identification Using Multi-Objective Modified Directional Bat Algorithm by LIU Li-jun, LIN Ying-hai, SU Yong-hui, LEI Ying

“…However， traditional single-objective optimization methods， which aggregate multiple evaluation indices into a single weighted objective function， often face challenges. The manual determination of weight factors introduces subjectivity， which can significantly affect the accuracy of the results. …”
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Relationship Between Household Consumption and Disaggregated Wealth Components in OECD Countries: Panel Data Analysis for the Period 2010-2017 by Ahmet Hamdi Yanık, Ahmet İncekara

“…Based on a thorough analysis of the relevant literature, it was decided that a consumption function based on the life-cycle hypothesis was very useful for this study. …”
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Copula Modeling and Uncertainty Propagation in Field‐Scale Simulation of CO2 Fault Leakage by Per Pettersson, Eirik Keilegavlen, Tor Harald Sandve, Sarah E. Gasda, Sebastian Krumscheid

“…The uncertainty in upscaled flow functions and other uncertain parameters are efficiently propagated to leakage estimates using numerical reservoir simulation of a two‐phase system of CO2 and brine. …”
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Good Governance and Seigniorage in a Selected OPEC Countries and Iran by ALI Rashid Shamkhal, Kambiz Paykarjou, beitollah Akbari Moghaddam

“…Therefore, based on the results obtained from the analysis of responce functions in empirical analysis, it is essential to pay attention to changing and improving the methods of governance and administration of the country. …”
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Applications of mutagenesis methods on affinity maturation of antibodies in vitro by LIU Yuan, LIN Manman, ZHANG Xiao, XU Chongxin, JIAO Linxia, ZHONG Jianfeng, WU Aihua, LIU Xianjin

“…In chain shuffling, a variable heavy or light chain of a specific antibody is recombined with a complementary variable domain library. …”
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Replacing GRACE/GRACE‐FO C30 With Satellite Laser Ranging: Impacts on Antarctic Ice Sheet Mass Change by Bryant D. Loomis, Kenneth E. Rachlin, David N. Wiese, Felix W. Landerer, Scott B. Luthcke

“…The C30 coefficient, which has a large impact on the recovered Antarctic Ice Sheet mass changes, is shown here to be poorly observed by GRACE/GRACE‐FO when either mission is operating without two fully functional accelerometers. …”
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Dual effects of leptin in perioperative gas exchange of morbidly obese patients. by Michele Carron, Giovanna Ieppariello, Gabriele Martelli, Giulia Gabellini, Mirto Foletto, Egle Perissinotto, Carlo Ori

“…Leptin has shown positive effects on respiratory function in experimental settings. The role of leptin on perioperative respiratory function in morbidly obese patients has not been established. …”
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The Effect of Rural Guide Plan on Objective Quality of Life among Rural Communities in Fariman County by Aliakbar Anabestani, Hamdollah Sojasi Qeidari, Fahime Jafari

“…According to the results of Pearson's correlation tests, the findings of present study showed a significant and strong correlation between implementation of rural guide plan and the mental facet of life quality by a 0.75 correlation coefficient, so that rural guide plan explained 57% of the variation of dependent variable, and among guide plan dimensions the changing environmental rural affected the objective improvement of life quality of villagers by 29 percent. …”
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Steps to Avoid Falls in the Elderly – a TECHnology Enhanced Intervention (SAFE-TECH) study: randomized controlled trial protocol for a community-based, multi-component fall prevent... by Wei Xuan Lai, Vanessa Koh, Jing Wen Goh, Kok Yang Tan, Kai Zhe Tan, Sai G. S. Pai, William R. Taylor, Abhijit Visaria, Navrag B. Singh, Angelique W. M. Chan, David B. Matchar

“…In previous research, exercise interventions have been effective in improving functional outcomes and reducing falls for a broad group of older adults. …”
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A secondary analysis of gait after a 4-week postural intervention for older adults with hyperkyphosis by L. C. Hughes, A. L. Ellis, H. L. Rogers, M. Hadley, R. V. Galloway

“…Pearson correlation coefficients were utilized to investigate correlations between all variables at baseline and in pre- and post intervention change values. …”
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Optimization Design of CO2 Air Cooler by Liu Bin, Su Yun, Dong Xiaoyong, Wang Congfei, Cai Jinghui

“…Volume and the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger are taken as an object function respectively, and fin-pitch, tube distance, tube rows, row numbers, diameter of heat pipe and the lengths of single pipe are selected as decision variables. …”
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The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Recovery: A Narrative Review by Stanisław Dudek, Weronika Koziak, Aleksandra Bętkowska, Agata Kornacka, Kamila Szostak, Rafał Tomaka, Michalina Makieła, Wojciech Dudek, Anna Byra

“…While moderate exercise enhances immune function and microbial diversity, excessive training can lead to gut dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability, and chronic inflammation. …”
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UNFOLDING FACTORS INFLUENCING PINEAPPLE PRODUCTION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM BAGAMOYO IN TANZANIA by Isaka Kasyupa, Bahati Ilembo

“…The coefficient of determination 𝑅 ଶ = 0.81 showed that the explanatory variables were fit for the model as 81% of the variation in the production of pineapples is explained by the selected seven factors. …”
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Application of artificial neural network in deoxygenation of water by glucoseoxidase immobilized in calcium alginate/MnO2 composite by A. Abdi, M.Sh Izadkhah, A. Karimi, M. Razzaghi, H. Moradkhani

“…The linear regression between the network outputs and the corresponding targets were proven to be satisfactory with a correlation coefficient of 0.995 for three model variables used in this study.…”
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Three Decades of Land Cover Dynamics in a Boreal Coastal Basin: A Multisensor Spectral Index and Machine Learning Approach Using Landsat Data and GB-SAR Data by Jinsong Zhang, Bochi Zou, Yifei Yuan, Asad Khan, Muhammad Bilawal Junaid, Qaiser Abbas, Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain, Nazih Y. Rebouh, Olga D. Kucher, Hassan Alzahrani

“…Boreal coastal habitats, with their complex hydrological, ecological, and geological functions, play a pivotal role in regulating regional climate, supporting biodiversity, and sustaining local communities. …”
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Surface Defect Detection for Small Samples of Particleboard Based on Improved Proximal Policy Optimization by Haifei Xia, Haiyan Zhou, Mingao Zhang, Qingyi Zhang, Chenlong Fan, Yutu Yang, Shuang Xi, Ying Liu

“…The method integrates the variable action space and the composite reward function and achieves the balanced optimization of different types of defect detection performance by adjusting the scaling and translation amplitude of the detection region. …”
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