Predicting renal function using fundus photography: role of confounders by Hyun-Woong Park, Hae Ri Kim, Ki Yup Nam, Bum Jun Kim, Taeseen Kang

“…Conclusions Fundus photographs are a valuable tool for screening renal function using deep neural network models, demonstrating the role of noninvasive imaging in medical diagnostics. …”
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High Variability in Human Sperm Membrane Potential over Time Can Limit Its Reliability as a Predictor in ART Outcomes by Tomás J. Steeman, Carolina Baro Graf, Analia G. Novero, Mariano G. Buffone, Dario Krapf

“…Intra-donor <i>E</i>m variability and coefficients of variation (CV) were analyzed statistically. …”
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Assessing fiber quality variability among modern upland cotton cultivars and incorporating it into the GOSSYM-based fiber quality simulation model by Sahila Beegum, Muhammad Adeel Hassan, Krishna N. Reddy, Vangimalla Reddy, Kambham Raja Reddy

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Comparison of the Effect of Fimasartan versus Valsartan on Blood Pressure Variability in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial by Dong Hoon Shin, Soohwa Song, Yeong Bae Lee

“…Higher blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with poor functional outcome and mortality in acute stroke. …”
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Modified graphene oxide as an efficient magnetic adsorbent for the simultaneous removal of Sunset Yellow and Tartrazine dyes by Margan Qaed Amini Farsani, Shahla Elhami

“…The adsorbent was successfully reused 8 times with very little change in the adsorption efficiency, which indicates that it is highly reusable. …”
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Standard Deviation of Fiber-Coupling Efficiency for Free-Space Optical Communication Through Atmospheric Turbulence by Woohyeon Moon, Hoon Kim

“…Due to atmospheric turbulence, however, the coupling efficiency, which is defined by the ratio of the fiber-coupled optical power to the optical power reaching the aperture, fluctuates over time, and thus should be treated as a random variable. …”
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Efficient remote sensing image classification using the novel STConvNeXt convolutional network by Bo Liu, Chenmei Zhan, Cheng Guo, Xiaobo Liu, Shufen Ruan

“…Abstract Remote sensing images present formidable classification challenges due to their complex spatial organization, high inter-class similarity, and significant intra-class variability. To address the balance between computational efficiency and feature extraction capability in existing methods, this paper innovatively proposes a lightweight convolutional network, STConvNeXt. …”
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Exploring Flexible Penalization of Bayesian Survival Analysis Using Beta Process Prior for Baseline Hazard by Kazeem A. Dauda, Ebenezer J. Adeniyi, Rasheed K. Lamidi, Olalekan T. Wahab

“…Therefore, this study is motivated to adopt the idea of a penalized semi-parametric Bayesian Cox (PSBC) model through elastic-net and group lasso penalty functions (PSBC-EN and PSBC-GL) to incorporate the grouping structure of the covariates (genes) and optimally perform variable selection. …”
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The efficiency of Amil Zakat Institutions (LAZ) in Indonesian Islamic Banks: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach by Rofiul Wahyudi, Agus Susetyohadi

“…The Amil Zakat Institution (LAZ), based on Islamic bank corporations, has shown a significant role based on the mandate of the 2008 law on the social functions of Islamic banks. However, a performance evaluation is needed to see how efficient the LAZ is in its operations. …”
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Genome-wide analyses reveal intricate genetic mechanisms underlying egg production efficiency in chickens by Lizhi Tan, Xinyu Cai, Yuan Kong, Zexuan Liu, Zilong Wen, Lina Bu, Yuzhan Wang, Xiaojun Liu, Zhiwu Zhang, Jianlin Han, Dandan Wang, Yiqiang Zhao

“…Consistently, functional analysis of associated genes demonstrates that egg production efficiency benefits from multiple physiological functions. …”
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Implicit manifestation of prospective metacognition in betting choices enhances its efficiency compared to explicit expression by Hidekazu Nagamura, Hiroshi Onishi, Kohta I. Kobayasi, Shoko Yuki

“…Recent metacognitive research has extensively investigated metacognitive efficiency (i.e., the accuracy of metacognition). Given the functional importance of metacognition for adaptive behavioral control, it is important to explore the nature of prospective metacognitive efficiency; however, most research has focused on retrospective metacognition. …”
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Constructing the Lyapunov Function through Solving Positive Dimensional Polynomial System by Zhenyi Ji, Wenyuan Wu, Yong Feng, Guofeng Zhang

“…First, positive polynomial system is obtained via the local property of the Lyapunov function as well as its derivative. Then, the positive polynomial system is converted into an equation system by adding some variables. …”
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A MPCC-Based Variable Sampling Time Interleaving Method for a Two-Phase Totem-Pole Bridgeless Boost PFC Converter by Hyun-Gyu Koh, Hyeon-Joon Ko, Yeong-Jun Choi

“…However, since ON/OFF of the switch is determined through model-based cost function comparison, the switching frequency is variable and a separate modulator is not used. …”
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Optimization of Liquefied Air Energy Storage System Coupled with Organic Rankine Cycle by Jianshe LI, Yihua DONG, Haihua LUO

“…To construct the liquefied air energy storage model coupled with organic Rankine cycle, the system cycle efficiency and the exergy efficiency in the air energy release and generation stage are set as objective functions. …”
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Differential Transform Algorithm for Functional Differential Equations with Time-Dependent Delays by Josef Rebenda, Zuzana Pátíková

“…We focus on retarded equations with delays which in general are functions of the independent variable. The delayed differential equation is turned into an ordinary differential equation using the method of steps. …”
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Optimizing Energy and Spectral Efficiency in Mobile Networks: A Comprehensive Energy Sustainability Framework for Network Operators by Luis Mata, Marco Sousa, Pedro Vieira, Maria Paula Queluz, Antonio Rodrigues

“…An additional analysis, based on domain expertise, provided evidence of potential causal relationships between the class and observed variables involving channel quality, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) utilisation, network topology and energy-saving functionalities. …”
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Bayesian Adaptive Lasso for the Partial Functional Linear Spatial Autoregressive Model by Dengke Xu, Ruiqin Tian, Ying Lu

“…This study introduces a partial functional linear spatial autoregressive model which can explore the relationship between a scalar spatially dependent response variable and predictive variables containing both multiple scalar covariates and a functional covariate. …”
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Assessing spatial variability of soil macro fauna and tree canopy using fractal theory (Case study: Riparian Forest of Maroon River) by Shaieste Gholami, ehsan sayad, Hamid Taleshi

“…However, taking lessons from spatial ecology, it is likely that spatial variability is the key, rather than the obstacle, to understanding the structure and function of soil biodiversity. …”
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Impact of vertebral derotation on ventilatory function and chest circumference in adolescent scoliosis by Khaled Takey Ahmed, Abla Mohammed Hamed, Akram Mohamed Helmy, Walaa Mohsen Mohamed, Heba A. Bahey El - Deen, Youssry El Hawary

“…Introduction Scoliosis has been associated with thoracic cavity alterations that impair pulmonary function. Correcting scoliotic deformity regains normal pulmonary function by maintaining respiratory and muscular efficiency. …”
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Error-Function-Based Penalized Quantile Regression in the Linear Mixed Model by Zelin Hang, Xiuli He

“…This is a method of variable selection by ERror Function (ERF) regularization in the linear effects model. …”
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