The constrained-disorder principle defines the functions of systems in nature by Yaron Ilan

“…The Constrained Disorder Principle (CDP) defines all systems in nature by their degree of inherent variability. Per the CDP, the intrinsic variability is mandatory for their proper function and is dynamically changed based on pressures. …”
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Functional Analysis of Thyme Production in Denizli Province by Arif Semerci, Enver Ken

“…The fact that the sum of the production elasticity coefficients of the factors in the estimation equation for the amount of thyme production (∑βi) was 1.12 indicates there is increasing returns to scale. Among the variables in the production function, the variables with marginal efficiency coefficient above 1 were determined as the production area (3.20) and the fertilizer factor (1.33). …”
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Efficiency of structural brain networks mediates age-associated differences in executive functioning in older adults by Geraldine Rodríguez-Nieto, Geraldine Rodríguez-Nieto, Caroline Seer, Caroline Seer, Hamed Zivari Adab, Hamed Zivari Adab, Antonio Jimenez-Marin, Sima Chalavi, Sima Chalavi, Amirhossein Rasooli, Amirhossein Rasooli, Jesús M. Cortés, Jesús M. Cortés, Jesús M. Cortés, Stefan Sunaert, Stephan P. Swinnen, Stephan P. Swinnen

“…Further regional efficiency analyses identified the nodes that contributed to the mediation effect of local efficiency.DiscussionThese results shed light on the shared variability among the integrity of structural brain networks and EF at older age. …”
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Research on Variable Circulation Design Method and Internal Flow Characteristic of the Axial Flow Pump by Xuewei Yu, Qili Gan, Zifan Ling, Jiahui Gong, Jiajia Tang, Lijian Shi

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A Hierarchical Archimedean Copula (HAC) model for climatic variables: an application to Kenyan data by Kevin Otieno, Linda Chaba, Linda Chaba, Evans Omondi, Evans Omondi, Collins Odhiambo, Collins Odhiambo, Bernard Omolo, Bernard Omolo

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Analysis of effects of meteorological variables on dengue incidence in Bangladesh using VAR and Granger causality approach by Md. Jamal Hossain, Nazia Sultana, Anwesha Das, Fariea Nazim Jui, Md. Kamrul Islam, Md. Mijanoor Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur Rahman

“…BackgroundDengue fever is a serious public health issue in Bangladesh, where its incidence rises with the monsoon. Meteorological variables are believed to be responsible factors among others. …”
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Addressing Challenges in Simulating Inter–Annual Variability of Gross Primary Production by Ranit De, Shanning Bao, Sujan Koirala, Alexander Brenning, Markus Reichstein, Torbern Tagesson, Michael Liddell, Andreas Ibrom, Sebastian Wolf, Ladislav Šigut, Lukas Hörtnagl, William Woodgate, Mika Korkiakoski, Lutz Merbold, T. Andrew Black, Marilyn Roland, Anne Klosterhalfen, Peter D. Blanken, Sara Knox, Simone Sabbatini, Bert Gielen, Leonardo Montagnani, Rasmus Fensholt, Georg Wohlfahrt, Ankur R. Desai, Eugénie Paul‐Limoges, Marta Galvagno, Albin Hammerle, Georg Jocher, Borja Ruiz Reverter, David Holl, Jiquan Chen, Luca Vitale, M. Altaf Arain, Nuno Carvalhais

“…Both models simulated hourly GPP and were parameterized for (a) each site–year, (b) each site with an additional constraint on IAV (CostIAV), (c) each site, (d) each plant–functional type, and (e) globally. This was followed by forward runs using calibrated parameters, and model evaluations using Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) as a model‐fitness measure at different temporal scales across 198 eddy‐covariance sites representing diverse climate–vegetation types. …”
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Nonlinear free oscillation of tri-directional functionally graded porous skew-plates with variable thickness in high-thermal environment by Hong Hieu Le, Van Ke Tran, Nhan Thinh Hoang, Tran Ha Phuong Thanh

“…For the first time, a finite element model was constructed based on the improved shear deformation plate theory and the von Kármán assumption to analyze the linear and nonlinear free vibration behaviour of tri-directional functionally graded porous (TFGP) skew-plates with variable thickness resting on variable Pasternak-elastic foundation in high-temperature environments. …”
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Comparison of the efficiency of zero and first order minimization methods in neural networks by E. A. Gubareva, S. I. Khashin, E. S. Shemyakova

“…Numerous experiments show that the analytical calculation time of an N variable function’s gradient is approximately N/5 times longer than the calculation time of the function itself. …”
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Reliability Analysis in Presence of Random Variables and Fuzzy Variables by Cui Lijie, Lü Zhenzhou, Li Guijie

“…Furthermore, a technique based on the probability density function evolution method is employed to improve the computational efficiency of the proposed indices. …”
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Are Rice Farming and Production in the Urban Farming Areas Still Efficient? A Stochastic Production Function Choice by Tamy Erissanti, S Supadi, S Suharno

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A flexible multi-agent system for managing demand and variability in hybrid energy systems for rural communities by Ehab S. Ali, M. H. Elkholy, Tomonobu Senjyu, Sahar M. Abd Elazim, Emad S. Hassan, Zuhrir Alaas, Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy

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Variáveis climáticas e o desempenho de um pivô central, em Cristalina Goiás Climatic variables and performance of center pivot at Cristalina, Goiás, Brazil by William Evangelista, Carlos A. S. Oliveira, Cícero L. Silva

“…<br>This research aimed to evaluate center pivot performance as a function of wind speed (VV), relative humidity of air (UR) and mean air temperature (T) and establish a stochastic model to estimate application efficiency as a function of these independent variables. …”
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Improving Scheduling Efficiency: A Mathematical Approach to Multi-Operation Optimization in MSMEs by Reyner Pérez-Campdesuñer, Alexander Sánchez-Rodríguez, Margarita De Miguel-Guzmán, Gelmar García-Vidal, Rodobaldo Martínez-Vivar

“…The results show that prioritizing the objective function leads to a balanced optimization of all indicators, improving operational efficiency and reducing flow time. …”
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Optimal root pruning to promote growth and water use efficiency of rice seedlings by ZHU Mei, HU Chenfan, LIU Shuoshuo, LIN Shimiao, LIU Jingzhe

“…Key indicators such as seedling vigor index, root-to-shoot ratio, photosynthetic traits, and water use efficiency were measured during the. Using the membership function method, seven variables were used to comprehensively assess the impact of different pruning treatments.…”
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Onion production costs as a function of water content and soil tillage by Jardênia R. Feitosa, Haroldo C. Fernandes, Paulo R. Cecon, Mauri M. Teixeira, Anderson G. Costa, Edival C. da Silva

“…The costs related to mechanized operations, manual operations, inputs and crop irrigation were determined. The economic efficiency was evaluated through the variables total cost and unit cost of onion production, gross revenue, net revenue and internal rate of return. …”
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Optimal Sequencing Control of Variable-speed Air-source Heat Pumps in Office Building by Liu Zhaohui, Li Zhenyu, Tan Hongwei, Xu Wen, Feng Wenbo, Yi Biyi

“…To develop this strategy, a variable-speed heat-pump model and the objective function for optimization of the heat-pump sequence control were first established, so as to determine the optimal solutions under partial building loads. …”
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Efficient and conservative estimation reliability analysis of strip footing on spatially variable c - ϕ soil using random finite element limit analysis by Szabowicz Hubert, Kawa Marek, Puła Wojciech

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A Self-Tuning Variable Universe Fuzzy PID Control Framework with Hybrid BAS-PSO-SA Optimization for Unmanned Surface Vehicles by Huixia Zhang, Zhao Zhao, Yuchen Wei, Yitong Liu, Wenyang Wu

“…Benchmarks using Rastrigin, Griewank, and Sphere functions show superior convergence and 68% stability improvement. …”
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Enhancing water use efficiency: Insights from hydrological variability encounter of multiple water sources and implications for terminal Lake management in arid regions by Kun Liu, Yunfei Chen, Bin Wu, Hailiang Xu, Abdul Waheed, Fan Gao, Bing He, Long Zhou, Jie Wu, Qin Zhang, Jinhao Ju

“…Multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) was applied to identify periodic characteristics of runoff, while wavelet coherence transform assessed the consistency of runoff patterns. A Copula function was then utilized to construct a joint distribution model, quantifying variability patterns and their cascading effects on ecological water use in Taitema Lake. …”
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