A United Probabilistic Approach to Minimising the Sum of Absolute Values by Changyong Feng, Honghong Liu, Ethan Poon, Ge Feng

“…Methodology: The sum of absolute values can be standardized so that the sum of the coefficients equals 1. In this case, the sum of absolute values takes the form 𝐸𝐸|𝑋𝑋−𝑎𝑎|, where 𝑋𝑋 is a random variable. …”
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Cálculo de la fuerza de fricción necesaria para extraer el coque de hornos solera para el diseño de prototipos de máquinas de empuje by Oscar Manuel Duque Suarez, Marco José Duarte Márquez, Leopoldo Valero Jaimes, Elio Alarcón Suarez, Sergio Andres Davila Sepulveda

“…An experimental validation was performed using a proposed methodology to calculate the force required by the motor to extract coke, based on variables such as voltage, amperage, efficiency, and power factor. …”
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Optimization Design of the Transmission System of Small-size Shrub Brush Cutter based on MATLAB by Yang Chunmei, Guo Minghui, Ma Yan, Liu Qianjun, Yang Tie

“…By determining the objective function of the transmission system,selecting the independent design variables,determining the constraints,the mathematical model of transmission system is established.The analysis and optimization of the design variables,objective function and the boundary conditions are carried out,the complex method optimization program of MATLAB is written,and by using its powerful ability of optimization design to optimize the transmission system of the brush cutter. …”
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Effects of Different Irrigation Regimes on Root Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Mulch-Free Cotton in Southern Xinjiang by Feiyan Su, Ziyang Guo, Bingrong Wu, Jichuan Wang, Shuangrong Chen

“…It can be concluded that no mulching has a certain impact on cotton root distribution and leaf physiological function. When the irrigation amount is 450–525 mm and irrigation times is 10–12, it is beneficial for promoting root growth and plays a role in leaf physiological function, and the water use efficiency (WUE) is high, which can provide reference for the scientific water management of mulch-free cotton in production practice.…”
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The Macroeconomic Framework of Support Analysis for Sustainable Businesses Development by Constantin Mitrut, Cristina Bălăceanu, Mihaela Gruiescu, Daniela Serban

“…The present research is based on a multifactorial liniar regression model which outlines the direct correlation between the dependent variable welfare and the independent variable of concentration measured by the Gini coefficient of wealth concentration, on the one hand, and by the GDP level, on the other hand, at the level of year 2012. …”
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A Novel Structural Modification Method for Vibration Reduction: Stiffness Sensitivity Analysis with Principal Strain Application by Jiajun Hong, Takuya Yoshimura

“…The sensitivity is evaluated as a differential coefficient of the target response with respect to the design variable, e.g., stiffness or mass. …”
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Improvement of medical images with multi-objective genetic algorithm and adaptive morphological transformations by Sadeq Moradzadeh, Vahid Mehrdad

“…Additionally, variable coefficients for these transformations are incorporated into the improved image formula, unlike previous studies that utilized constant coefficients. …”
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Study on GPR Image Restoration for Urban Complex Road Surfaces Using an Improved CycleGAN by Xinxin Huang, Jialin Liu, Feng Yang, Xu Qiao, Liang Gao, Tingyang Fu, Jianshe Zhao

“…In urban road detection using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), challenges arise from complex and variable road structures and diversified detection environments. …”
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Data Mining of 24-Hour Cumulative Precipitation Data in Iran Using Machine Learning: Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network and Decision Tree by mozaffar faraji, Majid Rezaii Banafsheh Daragh, Behroz sarisarraf, Ali Mohammad Khorshid Dust

“…Two machine learning models including MLP with activation function σ and decision tree with entropy criterion were implemented. …”
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Optimal Operation of CCHP Smart Distribution Grid with Integration of Renewable Energy by Ghassan A. Bilal, Mohammed K. Al-Saadi, Ghaidaa A. Al-Sultany, Wisam Abed Kattea Al-Maliki

“…Recently, electric distribution grids supply not only electric loads but also heating and cooling loads simultaneously to increase the efficiency of the system and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. …”
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Optimal Capacity Configuration of Residential Solar-Hydrogen Coupling Energy System with Hydrogen Vehicle Load by Zhenlan DOU, Chunyan ZHANG, Huirong ZHAO, Yuqi YAO, Daogang PENG

“…Secondly, by setting the capacity of the equipment in the system as the optimization variable, and the minimization of annual investment cost of the system as the objective function, the reliability of energy supply and other factors as the constraints, the system optimal capacity configuration model is established. …”
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Trajectory Planning Method in Time-Variant Wind Considering Heterogeneity of Segment Flight Time Distribution by Man Xu, Jian Wang, Qiuqi Wu

“…This study aims to optimize a reliable and efficient trajectory by minimizing the Mean-Excess Flight Time (MEFT). …”
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Convolutional neural networks for accurate estimation of canopy cover by F. Puig, R. Gonzalez Perea, A. Daccache, M.A. Soriano, J.A. Rodríguez Díaz

“…Canopy Cover (CC) is a key variable in agriculture, providing critical information on crop growth and health. …”
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A Multi-Objective PSO-GWO Approach for Smart Grid Reconfiguration with Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles by Tung Linh Nguyen, Quynh Anh Nguyen

“…Notably, the approach achieves substantial reductions in power losses during peak demand periods with distributed generation incorporation while maintaining voltage profiles within the stringent operational bounds of 0.94 to 1.0 per unit, thus ensuring stability amidst variable load conditions. Comparative analyses further demonstrate that the hybrid method surpasses conventional optimization techniques, as evidenced by enhanced convergence rates and superior objective function outcomes. …”
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Food Supply Chain: A Framework for the Governance of Digital Traceability by Maria Bonaria Lai, Daniele Vergamini, Gianluca Brunori

“…Under the context of increasing demand for transparency, efficiency, and trust in food systems, digital traceability is emerging as a key strategy for improving value creation across agri-food supply chains. …”
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Correlation method of processing the image of the surface microrelief to determine its roughness by Alexey D. Abramov, Dmitry S. Klyuev

“…For these functions, the average amplitudes Ucp of the variable components of the correlation coefficients are calculated and the analytical dependence of the GOST roughness parameter Ra on Ucp is constructed. …”
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Applications of mutagenesis methods on affinity maturation of antibodies in vitro by LIU Yuan, LIN Manman, ZHANG Xiao, XU Chongxin, JIAO Linxia, ZHONG Jianfeng, WU Aihua, LIU Xianjin

“…In chain shuffling, a variable heavy or light chain of a specific antibody is recombined with a complementary variable domain library. …”
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Magnetic Field Effects on Convective Heat Transfer of Ferrofluid from a Heated Sphere in Porous Media by Ayesha Aktar, Sharaban Thohura, Md. Mamun Molla

“…Numerical outcomes are then represented in terms of local Nusselt number, velocity, temperature profile, and skin friction coefficient, respectively for a range of porosity parameters, ϵ = 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, magnetic effect parameter or Hartmann number, Ha = 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and the ferroparticle volume fraction coefficients, ϕ = 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%. …”
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Predicting biogas production in real scale anaerobic digester under dynamic conditions with machine learning approach by M. Erdem Isenkul, Sevgi Güneş-Durak, Yasemin Poyraz Kocak, İnci Pir, Mertol Tüfekci, Güler Türkoğlu Demirkol, Selçuk Sevgen, Aslı Seyhan Çığgın, Neşe Tüfekci

“…In recent years, the use of machine learning techniques (ML) has become widespread for analysing the effects of operational factors on anaerobic digestion efficiency. Among these, Support Vector Regression (SVR) with a Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel has been used to predict biogas yield based on diverse operating parameters. …”
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Online identification of stability region for large-scale wind farms, Part I: Clustering based piecewise affine impedance modeling by Jia Luo, Peng Wang, Haoran Zhao, Chenxinwei Yuan, Tiancheng Liu, Vladimir Terzija

“…In each partition, the impedance is expressed as a first-order explicit function of the complex variable and the operating state variables. …”
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