Impact of strategic public health interventions to reduce tuberculosis incidence in Brazil: a Bayesian structural time-series scenario analysisResearch in context by Klauss Villalva-Serra, Beatriz Barreto-Duarte, Moreno M. Rodrigues, Artur T.L. Queiroz, Leonardo Martinez, Julio Croda, Valeria C. Rolla, Afrânio L. Kritski, Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos, Timothy R. Sterling, Mariana Araújo-Pereira, Bruno B. Andrade

“…Additional reductions were seen with increased coverage of DOT, TPT adherence, and contact investigation rates (−14.4 [−13 to −16.2]), and by combining these with efforts to reduce TB cases among vulnerable populations (−23.6 [−26.3 to −41.4]), potentially lowering incidence to 18.5 [7.8–28.4] per 100,000, though still above WHO targets. …”
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Can LLMs effectively assist medical coding? Evaluating GPT performance on DRG and targeted clinical tasks by Yeli Feng

“…Abstract Background Large language Models (LLM) have demonstrated near human-level performance in medical domain, from summarizing clinical notes and passing medical licensing examinations, to predictive tasks such as disease diagnoses and treatment recommendations. However, currently there is little research on their efficacy for medical coding, a pivotal component in health informatics, clinical trials, and reimbursement management. …”
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MFFCI–YOLOv8: A Lightweight Remote Sensing Object Detection Network Based on Multiscale Features Fusion and Context Information by Sheng Xu, Lin Song, Junru Yin, Qiqiang Chen, Tianming Zhan, Wei Huang

“…Most current researches primarily focus on improving experimental accuracy using large models, often neglecting the deployment challenges. …”
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The current state of physical activity and exercise programs in German-speaking, Swiss psychiatric hospitals: results from a brief online survey by Brand S, Colledge F, Beeler N, Pühse U, Kalak N, Sadeghi Bahmani D, Mikoteit T, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Gerber M

“…Methods: All psychiatric hospitals (N=55) in the German-speaking part of Switzerland were contacted in spring 2014. Staff responsible for PAEPs were asked to complete an online questionnaire covering questions related to PAEPs such as type, frequency, staff training, treatment rationale, importance of PAEPs within the treatment strategy, and possible avenues to increase PAEPs. …”
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Mapping context of sedentary behaviour in older adults who are prefrail and frail: an analysis of secondary outcomes from a longitudinal study (MAPS-B) by Rong Zheng, Jonathan D Adachi, Alexandra Papaioannou, George Ioannidis, Alexander Rabinovich, Isabel B Rodrigues, Mayank Kalra, Dylan Kobsar, Steven R Bray, Qiyin Fang

“…Although there were no differences in sedentary time between seasons, we found a significant decrease in step count in winter (1190 fewer steps, 95% CI −2228 to −153 steps). …”
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Child abuse prevalence estimates in Canada; comparisons of nationally representative data from 2012 to 2022: a population-based studyResearch in context by Tracie O. Afifi, Julie-Anne McCarthy, Ana Osorio, Lauren MacGowan, Tamara L. Taillieu, Ashley Stewart-Tufescu, Jitender Sareen, Harriet L. MacMillan, Lil Tonmyr, Ian Colman, Mark A. Ferro, Kelly K. Anderson, Jordan Edwards

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Antiretroviral drug class and anaemia risk in the current treatment era among people living with HIV in the USA: a clinical cohort study by Richard D Moore, Kenneth Mayer, Greer Burkholder, Susan R Heckbert, Barbara N Harding, Bridget M Whitney, Robin M Nance, Heidi M Crane, W Christopher Mathews, Joseph J Eron, Peter W Hunt, Paul Volberding, Michael S Saag, Mari M Kitahata, Joseph A C Delaney

“…Objective Anaemia is common among people living with HIV (PLWH) and has been associated with certain, often older, antiretroviral medications. Information on current antiretroviral therapy (ART) and anaemia is limited. …”
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A Computational Approach to Increasing the Antenna System’s Sensitivity in a Doppler Radar Designed to Detect Human Vital Signs in the UHF-SHF Frequency Ranges by David Vatamanu, Simona Miclaus

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Trusted health system implementation strategies to increase vaccination (TRUE SYNERGI): a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial to reduce HPV-related cancers by Daisy Y. Morales-Campos, Prajakta Adsul, Yuanyuan Liang, Erin Donovan, Leticia R. Moczygemba, Jessica A. Kahn

“…In addition, we will employ theory-guided, qualitative methods, to assess the complexity associated with context and the recipients involved in the implementation of strategies in practices, along with sustainability. …”
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Study protocol for an observational research study with an embedded N-of-1 design: Increasing the availability of goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation for people living with deme... by Caoimhe Hannigan, Antoine Lemercier, Garret McDermott, Helena Lydon, Sean P Kennelly, Michelle Kelly

“…Sub-study 1 will evaluate the impact of GREAT-CR in this context and sub-study 2 will evaluate the implementation model. …”
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Recent Nanotechnological Trends in the Management of Microbial Keratitis by Shraddha Jaiswal, Prabhavati Shinde, Vidya Tale

“…In addition, safety and toxicological concerns about the increasingly widespread use of contact lenses are also discussed. …”
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Addressing challenges in vector control: a review of current strategies and the imperative for novel tools in India’s combat against vector-borne diseases by Kuldeep Singh, Amit Sharma, Manju Rahi, Sanjeev Kumar Gupta, Gaurav Kumar, Rajendra Baharia, Sam Joy

“…One of the major pillars for the containment of VBDs is vector control and different tools have been employed for several decades. …”
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An Attempt to Accord the Quality of Therapy of Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients with Current Clinical Guidelines (ALIGN study): Design and the First Results by S. Yu. Martsevich, E. D. Zharkova, N. P. Kutishenko, Yu. V. Lukina, S. N. Tolpygina, V. P. Voronina, A. V. Zagrebelnyy

“…To assess the quality of therapy in stable coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, who first sought consultation in the specialized cardiology department of the research center, and try to adjust the therapy in accordance with current clinical guidelines, paying special attention to achieving the target levels of blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and glycosylated hemoglobin (in patients with diabetes mellitus), increasing exercise tolerance and improving the quality of life (QL).Material and methods. …”
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An Analysis of Supply Chain Macro-Strategies in the Context of Industry 4.0 with a System Dynamics Approach (The Case of: Iran's Steel Supply Chain) by Sima Motallebi, Mostafa Zandieh, Akbar Alem Tabriz

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Pharmacoeconomic rationale for switching patients with rheumatic diseases from original biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs to biosimilars in context of the Russian heal... by A. Yu Kulikov, V. G. Serpik, A. M. Lila

“…At the same time, in the context of budgetary constraints, switching to biosimilars remains perhaps the only available strategy for increasing the coverage of patients with innovative drugs. …”
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Is screening for microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes feasible in the Cape Town public sector primary care context? A cost and consequence study by H.O. Ibrahim, D. Stapar, B. Mash

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The recent trend of twin epidemic in the United States: a 10-year longitudinal cohort study of co-prescriptions of opioids and stimulantsResearch in context by Seungyeon Lee, Wenyu Song, David W. Bates, Richard D. Urman, Ping Zhang

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Ethnic disparities in the association between maternal socioeconomic status and childhood anemia in Peru: a nationwide multiyear cross-sectional studyResearch in context by Ali Al-kassab-Córdova, Claudio Intimayta-Escalante, Pamela Robles-Valcarcel, Diego Urrunaga-Pastor, Baltica Cabieses

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Optimisation and clinical validation of a metagenomic third-generation sequencing approach for aetiological diagnosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with pneumoniaRese... by Shanshan Zhang, Xi Li, Xia Li, Ying Fu, Long Chen, Wei Wang, Qinqing Lin, Hui Lou, Yake Yao, Wenyu Chen, Cheng Zhong, Jian Ye, Yinan Yao, Huimin Guo, Yunsong Yu, Hua Zhou

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Experimental and Theoretical Study on Local Damage of Reinforced Concrete Column under Rectangular Charge by Qiuyang Wang, Xin Jia, Zhengxiang Huang, Taian Chen, Yujie Shi

“…During an explosion, a building’s stability is directly impacted by reinforced concrete (RC) columns. However, there is currently no theoretical analysis model that can precisely predict damage to RC columns after close-in/contact explosions. …”
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