Pattern Recognition via the Toll-Like Receptor System in the Human Female Genital Tract by Kaei Nasu, Hisashi Narahara

“…TLRs recognize conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) synthesized by microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses as well as endogenous ligands associated with cell damage. …”
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Bacteriophages: Uncharacterized and Dynamic Regulators of the Immune System by Anshul Sinha, Corinne F. Maurice

“…Despite tremendous advances in our comprehension of how the gut microbiota is involved in human health and interacts with the mammalian immune system, most studies are incomplete as they typically do not consider bacteriophages. These bacterial viruses are estimated to be as numerous as their bacterial hosts, with tremendous and mostly uncharacterized genetic diversity. …”
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Relapsing Ipsilateral Vestibular Neuritis by Duilio Emiliano De Schutter, Nicolás Pérez Fernández

“…Serum PCR for herpes viruses resulted negative. Contrast MRI was performed without relevant brain findings.…”
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A new definition and three categories for classifying ecosystems by Jaime Gómez-Márquez

“…Here, I first take a new look at the concept of ecosystem based on the elements that in my opinion characterize it, emphasizing the importance of viruses as components of biodiversity. Secondly, I propose three categories for the global categorization of ecosystems according to the degree of human intervention. …”
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NK Cell Subtypes as Regulators of Autoimmune Liver Disease by Guohui Jiao, Bangmao Wang

“…Thus, NK cells provide surveillance in the early defense against viruses, intracellular bacteria, and cancer cells. …”
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The promising role of nanopore sequencing in cancer diagnostics and treatment by Xinming Su, Qingyuan Lin, Bin Liu, Chuntao Zhou, Liuyi Lu, Zihao Lin, Jiahua Si, Yuemin Ding, Shiwei Duan

“…Furthermore, nanopore sequencing extends its reach to detecting microorganisms, encompassing bacteria and viruses, that are intricately associated with tumorigenesis and the development of cancer. …”
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Susceptibility of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to entomopathogenic fungi isolated from poultry houses litter and nearby soil by Elżbieta Popowska-Nowak, Dorota Tumialis, Elżbieta Pezowicz

“…These insects are especially dangerous as a potential carriers of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites. We explored the possibility of using local strains of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from litter and from soil to control lesser mealworm populations. …”
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Identification and Screening of Natural Neuraminidase Inhibitors from Reduning Injection via One-Step High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fraction Collector and UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS by Lijun An, Xie-An Yu, Wei Liu, Jin Li, Yan-Xu Chang

“…Neuraminidase plays an essential role in the spread of influenza viruses via cleaving sialic acids from the host cell receptors and virions. …”
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A Case Report of Monkeypox in a 4-Year-Old Boy from the DR Congo: Challenges of Diagnosis and Management by Anna Korsgaard Eltvedt, Michael Christiansen, Anja Poulsen

“…MP belongs to the same genus of viruses as smallpox, the Orthopoxvirus, and vaccination against smallpox gives some protection against MP. …”
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Molecular Prevalence and Identification of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys from Dogs in Nay Pyi Taw Area, Myanmar by Myint Myint Hmoon, Lat Lat Htun, May June Thu, Hla Myet Chel, Yu Nandi Thaw, Shwe Yee Win, Nyein Chan Soe, Yadanar Khaing, Su Su Thein, Saw Bawm

“…Ticks are vectors of different types of viruses, protozoans, and other microorganisms, which include Gram-negative prokaryotes of the genera Rickettsiales, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Borrelia. …”
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DGGE Identification of Microorganisms Associated with Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato- or Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Infected Ixodes ricinus Ticks from Northwest Norway by Ann-Kristin Tveten, Andreas Riborg, Hanne Tjelle Vadseth

“…Ticks acquire a wide range of microorganisms as a natural part of their lifecycle. Bacteria, viruses, and protozoa can be transmitted to ticks during feeding and free-living phases. …”
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Comparative microbial metagenomic analysis of drinking water plants and wastewater treatment plants in Istanbul by Mehmet Demirci, Cankut Çubuk, Ferhat Dasdemir, Abdulkerim Suat Saribas, Esra Billur Balcıoglu, Dogukan Ozbey, Dogu Yorulmaz, Tugba Olmez Hanci, Safak Basa, Bekir Sami Kocazeybek, Bekir Sami Kocazeybek

“…There were unclassified microbes (53.14% vs. 58.75%), Eukaryota (3.64% vs. 3.5%), Archaea (0.08% vs. 0.03%), bacteria (42% vs. 36.25%), and viruses (0.02% vs. 0.04%) in the raw water and ozonation unit outlet of DWTPs. …”
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Effect of Double Stratification on MHD Williamson Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer across a Shrinking/Stretching Sheet Immersed in a Porous Medium by R. Geetha, B. Reddappa, Nainaru Tarakaramu, B. Rushi Kumar, M. Ijaz Khan

“…Lastly, the current work will have important implications for the removal of dust and viruses from viscoelastic fluid in bioengineering, the medical sciences, and medical equipment.…”
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Modeling co-infection of Ixodes tick-borne pathogens by Yijun Lou, Li Liu, Daozhou Gao

“…Ticks, including the Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes scapularis hard tick species, are regarded as the most common arthropod vectors of both human and animal diseases in Europe and the United States capable of transmitting a large number of bacteria, viruses and parasites. Since ticks in larval and nymphal stages share the same host community which can harbor multiple pathogens, they may be co-infected with two or more pathogens, with a subsequent high likelihood of co-transmission to humans or animals. …”
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Global distribution of sporadic sapovirus infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Marta Diez Valcarce, Anita K Kambhampati, Laura E Calderwood, Aron J Hall, Sara A Mirza, Jan Vinjé

“…Since the reduction of rotavirus in countries that have included rotavirus vaccines in their national immunization programs, other viruses such as norovirus and sapovirus have emerged as more common causes of AGE. …”
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Le régime alimentaire des Gorilles de plaine de l’Est, Gorilla beringei graueri et la pharmacopée humaine : Alimentation ou automédication ? by Dalley-Divin Kambale Saa-Sita, Shelly Masi, Aimée Lorela Katungu Sawa-Sawa, Jean-Claude Kyungu Kasolene, Jean Malekani Mukulire

“…Chemical, biological and pharmacological properties of those plants could be likely to help great apes healing from different bacteria, viruses and other pathogens. Given both the phylogenetic proximity of great apes and humans and the small proportion of wild plant species known by humans in the tropical forest, the observation of the diet of a species of great apes still very less known, such as the gorillas of the East, could lead to the discovery of new plants that may be useful for human health.…”
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Modelling Peroxisomal Disorders in Zebrafish by Chenxing S. Jiang, Michael Schrader

“…They have been linked to healthy ageing, neurodegeneration, cancer, the combat of pathogens and viruses, and infection and immune responses. Their biogenesis relies on several peroxins (encoded by <i>PEX</i> genes), which mediate matrix protein import, membrane assembly, and peroxisome multiplication. …”
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PLANT GENE PROMOTERS RESPONSIVE TO PATHOGEN INVASION by O. G. Smirnova, A. V. Kochetov

“…The reconstruction of particular gene networks responsible for defense against pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses is an important step in the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms as well as for the development of new approaches to crop improvement. …”
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Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Hepatitis B and C Infection in Correctional Institutions in British Columbia by RG Préfontaine, RK Chaudhary, RG Mathias

“…The factors associated with infection with hepatitis B (hbv) and C viruses (hcv) were studied in residents of correctional institutions in British Columbia. …”
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A Review of Removal of Pollutants from Water/Wastewater Using Different Types of Nanomaterials by M. T. Amin, A. A. Alazba, U. Manzoor

“…The paper will briefly overview the availability and practice of different nanomaterials (particles or fibers) for removal of viruses, inorganic solutes, heavy metals, metal ions, complex organic compounds, natural organic matter, nitrate, and other pollutants present in surface water, ground water, and/or industrial water. …”
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