The Big Yawning: Pathological Yawning as a Symptom of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders by Veronika Spahlinger, Annette Niessen, Sebastian Rauer, Stefan Krämer, Matthias Reinhard

“…MRI showed a cervical myelitis over more than three vertebral segments up to the lower medulla and Aquaporin-4-antibodies were positive (diagnostic criteria for a Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder were fulfilled). …”
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Pathological Clinical Analysis and Imaging Manifestations for Spinal Bone Tumors Based on Cement Injection by Jie Li, Xu Wang, Yongmin Li, Qinhui Cao, Yi Bu, Hengcong Cao, Xiaoqiang Wang

“…The purpose of this article is to show that through the combination of preoperative radiotherapy and postoperative bracing, bone cement injection to treat vertebral tumors can immediately obtain satisfactory pain relief. …”
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Acute Symptomatic Calcific Discitis Mimicking a Septic Spondylodiscitis by Magda Choueiri, Florent Eymard, Sandra Guignard, Frédéric Pigneur, Xavier Chevalier

“…We report the case of an adult patient presenting with severe cervical-dorsal junction pain, fever, high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and imaging findings mimicking an infectious spondylodiscitis, including an erosion of the anterior part of the vertebral endplate. However, the patient improved spontaneously and rapidly, with pain and fever disappearing and C-reactive protein (CRP) returning to normal within a week.…”
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Paralyzing paradox: Spinal cord infarction, a hidden emergency by Khurram Khaliq Bhinder, Khizer Ahmed Khan, Madiha Saeed Wahla, Amna Mehboob, Abeer Shahid, Alishbah Ziad

“…No heterogenous signal or abnormal enhancement was noted in adjacent visualized vertebral bodies. Considering restricted diffusion first differential possibility is of anterior spinal cord ischemia/infarct with no fever or trauma history. …”
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Maturation of the GABAergic Transmission in Normal and Pathologic Motoneurons by Anne-Emilie Allain, Hervé Le Corronc, Alain Delpy, William Cazenave, Pierre Meyrand, Pascal Legendre, Pascal Branchereau

“…γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting on Cl−-permeable ionotropic type A (GABAA) receptors (GABAAR) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult central nervous system of vertebrates. In immature brain structures, GABA exerts depolarizing effects mostly contributing to the expression of spontaneous activities that are instructive for the construction of neural networks but GABA also acts as a potent trophic factor. …”
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Ewing Sarcoma of Neck - A Rare Case Report by Rachna Chaurasia, Jamil Akhter

“…The patient initially presented with a rapidly growing neck mass and neurological symptoms; MRI confirmed a well-defined mass at the C5-C6 vertebral level, and histopathological examination verified the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma. …”
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R Inguinal/R Scrotum Extramammary Paget’s Disease with Diffuse Spine Metastasis Complicated by Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia by Alay Mansurov, Eric Christenson

“…Prior to the scheduled excision, he developed constant lower back pain with radiation to his lower extremities. MRI confirmed vertebral metastasis. Despite surgical and radiation therapy, his back pain progressed, and repeat imaging showed epidural spread of tumor in the thoracic spine. …”
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Growth Hormone and Reproduction: A Review of Endocrine and Autocrine/Paracrine Interactions by Kerry L. Hull, Steve Harvey

“…This review reconsiders reproductive actions of GH in vertebrates in respect to these new conceptual developments.…”
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Dynamics of a plant-herbivore model with toxin-induced functional response by Ya Li, Z. Feng

“…Traditional functional responses for plant-herbivore interactions donot take into account explicitly the effect of plant toxin.However, considerable evidence suggests that toxins set upper limitson food intake for many species of herbivorous vertebrates. In thispaper, a mathematical model for plant-herbivore interactionsmediated by toxin-determined functional response is studied. …”
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Mathematical Model for the Transmission Dynamics of Malaria in Kabale Municipality. by Nabasa, Moses

“…It is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium, transmitted to vertebrates by female genus Anopheles mosquitoes when they feed on blood. …”
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Emphysematous osteomyelitis: A rare case report by Siddartha Guru, Navami Guru, Rezhan Hussein

“…Thoracic spine Computerized tomography image showed an ill-defined lytic lesion containing gas in the T12 vertebral body with anaerobic bone cultures, which grew Clostridium septicum. …”
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Anxiety from a Phylogenetic Perspective: Is there a Qualitative Difference between Human and Animal Anxiety? by Catherine Belzung, Pierre Philippot

“…The expression of emotions diversifies in higher vertebrates, only primates displaying facial expressions. …”
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Toxicity of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Their Substitutes to Terrestrial and Aquatic Invertebrates—A Review by Jiaxin Zhang, Hassan Naveed, Keping Chen, Liang Chen

“…Toxicological studies on PFASs and their alternatives have mainly focused on vertebrates, while terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates have been studied to a lesser extent. …”
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Fetus in Fetu in an Adult Female and Brief Review of Literature by Saroj Sharma, Prashant Kumar Gupta, Basanta Regmi, Aarti Gupta, Upasana Lamichhane

“…It should be differentiated from teratoma by the presence of organized vertebral column and appropriately arranged other organs or limbs around it. …”
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Charcot Spine and Parkinson’s Disease by Philippe Loriaut, Sylvie Rozenberg, Patrick Boyer, Benjamin Dallaudière, Frederic Khiami, Elhadi Sariali, Hugues Pascal-Moussellard

“…In the first case, circumferential fusion and stabilization were performed on the dislocated vertebral levels. A solid and stable fusion of the spine was obtained with satisfactory clinical outcome. …”
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Investigation of the Effects of Some Cardiovascular Drugs on Angiogenesis by Transgenic Zebrafish by Hui Lv, Bo Liu, Yongwen Qin

“…Transgenic Tg (flk1: EGFP) zebrafish embryos were used to identify the effects of some cardiovascular drugs on angiogenesis during vertebral development in vivo. Zebrafish embryos at a one-cell stage or two-cell stage were cultured with embryo medium containing cardiovascular drugs at a final solvent concentration of 0.5% (V/V) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 24 hours in 24-well plates. …”
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Habitat Selection and Mating Success in a Mustelid by Thierry Lodé

“…Nevertheless, such as in various vertebrates, habitat requirements seem to be based on simple broad features of habitat, suggesting that habitat avoidance rather than habitat preference can explain polecat habitat predilection.…”
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Candidate Species for Marine Ornamental Aquaculture: Porkfish, Anisotremis virginicus by Eric Cassiano, Kevin Barden

“…Porkfish also have additional appeal to aquarists because they are “cleaner” fish during their juvenile phase, picking parasites from larger fish and other vertebrates. Scientists and aquarists have recently achieved a greater understanding of appropriate aquaculture protocols for grunts in general and porkfish in particular. …”
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Methods of Developing User-Friendly Keys to Identify Green Sea Turtles (Chelonia mydas L.) from Photographs by Jane R. Lloyd, Miguel Á. Maldonado, Richard Stafford

“…User-friendly keys are, therefore, a suitable method for the photographic identification of turtles and could be used for other large marine vertebrates in conservation or behavioural studies.…”
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High Sequence Variations in Mitochondrial DNA Control Region among Worldwide Populations of Flathead Mullet Mugil cephalus by Brian Wade Jamandre, Jean-Dominique Durand, Wann-Nian Tzeng

“…The mtDNA CR sequence variations among M. cephalus populations largely exceeded intraspecific polymorphisms that are generally observed in other vertebrates. The length of CR sequence varied among M. cephalus populations due to the presence of indels and variable number of tandem repeats at the 3′ hypervariable domain. …”
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