Accounting for microorganisms yields stricter water quality criteria and elevated ecological risks of antibiotics: A case study of sulfonamides in the Yangtze River Delta by Xinyang Zhang, Xiao Yun, Ye Huang, Guofeng Shen, Nan Lin

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Physician Characteristics Associated With Opioid Prescribing After Same-Day Breast Surgery in Ontario, Canada: A Population-Based Cohort Study by Shaila J. Merchant, MD, Jonas P. Shellenberger, MSc, Monakshi Sawhney, PhD, Julie La, MD, Susan B. Brogly, PhD

“…Prescriber characteristics associated with a higher likelihood of high current opioid prescribing were family practice (risk ratio [RR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35–1.79 compared to general surgery), larger community practice setting (RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05–1.71 compared to urban), and a previous high opioid prescribing behavior (RR, 2.28; 95% CI, 2.06–2.52). …”
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Temporal and Spatial Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Carbon Storage in Black Soil Area Under Topographic Gradient by Zhaoxue Gai, Wenlu Zheng, Bonoua Faye, Hongyan Wang, Guoming Du

“…The most critical driving factors influencing the spatial distribution pattern of carbon storage were land use and annual average temperature. Distance to urban centers and soil texture also moderately influence the distribution of carbon storage. …”
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Burden of Road Traffic Injuries in Tanzania: One-Year Prospective Study of Consecutive Patients in 13 Multilevel Health Facilities by Hendry R. Sawe, Sveta Milusheva, Kevin Croke, Saahil Karpe, Meyhar Mohammed, Juma A. Mfinanga

“…Most road traffic crashes (RTC) occurred in urban settings (68.7%), involving motorcycles (68.3%). …”
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Review of the Effectiveness of the Existing Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems in Uganda. Case Study of Kabale Municipal Council, Kabale Municipality, Kabale District. by Ainebyona, Joseph

“…Municipal solid waste management Is the collection, transfer and disposal of the non-liquid and non-gaseous solid materials from residential, commercial, institutional, construction and demolishing and street sweeping within the urban centers of the country. It is a consequence of the day to day activities of the human kinds that need to be properly managed. …”
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Enhance Research and Innovation in ICT products, Applications, and Services by Businge, Phelix Mbabazi

“…The schools represented schools from both urban and rural settings. From the six schools, a sample of 332 students and 24 teachers were required to participate in the study. …”
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Investigating Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) Contamination of Street Foods in Manjari Kabale District. by Unasi, Daniel

“…To cater for the high population density in kabale municipality, native people maneuvered to attain sustainability and among food supply was most important to maintain life in these urban areas. In pursuit of food supply, many people in the name of vendors and hawkers came up with relatively cheap and affordable foods sold street and other public places called “street food”. …”
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Indoor and Ambient Air Pollution in Chennai, India during COVID-19 Lockdown: An Affordable Sensors Study by Naveen Puttaswamy, V. Sreekanth, Ajay Pillarisetti, Adithi R. Upadhya, Sudhakar Saidam, Balachandar Veerappan, Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay, Sankar Sambandam, Ronak Sutaria, Kalpana Balakrishnan

“…Abstract The Tamil Nadu Air Pollution and Health Effects study (TAPHE-2) aims to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and birth outcome in a rural-urban cohort of 300 pregnant women. Due to COVID-19 related lockdowns, some TAPHE-2 activities were delayed; however, continuous indoor and outdoor air quality data were collected in and around Chennai, India. …”
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Community-Based Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards COVID-19: an Epidemiological Survey in Kurdistan Region, Iraq by Zhino Rawf Ali, Bayan Omar Sharif, Aram Salih Mohammed Amin Kamali, Varin Tofiq Abbas, Azad Karim Ahmed, Shaho Osman Mahmood, Chiman Jamal ahmed, Sarwat Ahmed Abdulqader

“…As well as, the female employer by Bachelor degree with barely sufficient financial status in urban area had a high score of KAP concerning COVID-19, lastly the present study observed a strong positive correlation between KAP toward coronavirus among the participants. …”
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Spatiotemporal Assessment of PM2.5 Exposure of a High-risk Occupational Group in a Southeast Asian Megacity by Jarl Tynan Collado, Jose Gabriel Abalos, Imee de los Reyes, Melliza T. Cruz, Gabrielle Frances Leung, Katrina Abenojar, Carlos Rosauro Manalo, Bernell Go, Christine L. Chan, Charlotte Kendra Gotangco Gonzales, James Bernard B. Simpas, Emma E. Porio, John Q. Wong, Shih-Chun Candice Lung, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza

“…These results reveal information that is normally undetected by fixed site monitoring (FSM), underscoring the importance of mobile measurements as a complement to FSM in assessing the exposure of urban populations to air pollution more extensively. …”
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Ambient PM2.5 Temporal Variation and Source Apportionment in Mbarara, Uganda by Silver Onyango, Crystal M. North, Hatem A. Ellaithy, Paul Tumwesigye, Choong-Min Kang, Vasileios Matthaios, Martin Mukama, Nuriat Nambogo, J. Mikhail Wolfson, Stephen Ferguson, Stephen Asiimwe, Lynn Atuyambe, Data Santorino, David C. Christiani, Petros Koutrakis

“…However, most studies focus only on urban environments and do not characterize pollutant sources. …”
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Prospective study of factors associated with asthma attack recurrence (ATTACK) in children from three Ecuadorian cities during COVID-19: a study protocol by Cristina Ardura-Garcia, Max Bachmann, Alejandro Rodriguez, Philip Cooper, Michael Richard Perkin, Irina Chis Ster, Natalia Cristina Romero, Martha E Chico, Alvaro Cruz, Diana Morillo, Santiago Mena-Bucheli, Angélica Ochoa, Claudia Rodas, Augusto Maldonado, Karen Arteaga, Jessica Alchundia, Karla Solorzano, Camila Figueiredo

“…Introduction Asthma is a growing health problem in children in marginalised urban settings in low-income and middle-income countries. …”
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Particle emission and thermal efficiency analysis of a diesel vehicle using biodiesel and a platinum metallic partial-flow particulate filter by Huy Quang Dang, Mi Zwe Mon Phyo, Poonnut Thaeviriyakul, Plan Teekatasn Cosh, Mek Srilomsak, Therdsak Petblengsri, Ittipol Pawarmart, Sompong Srimanosaowapak, Hidenori Kosaka, Preechar Karin

“…The second test followed the new European driving cycle to examine emission factors of regulated pollutants under both urban and highway driving conditions. The results indicated that BSFC values increased with the biodiesel ratio in the blends, attributed to lower heating values. …”
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Co-designing action-oriented mental health conversations between care providers and ageing Canadians in the community: a participatory mixed-methods study protocol by Carrie McAiney, Paul Holyoke, Heather McNeil, Justine L Giosa, Elizabeth Kalles, Nelly D Oelke, Katie Aubrecht, Olinda Habib Perez

“…Phase 2 includes six co-design workshops with community providers (n=90) in rural and urban sites across three Canadian provinces to co-design tools, resources and processes for enabling the use of the adapted model as a conversation guide. …”
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Dynamics of ecosystem service values in the Tarim River Basin by Mengxin Sun, Mengxin Sun, Xin Shen, Xin Shen, Hailiang Xu, Hailiang Xu, Ai Shajiang·Aili, Ai Shajiang·Aili

“…Built-up areas grew significantly between 2005 and 2010 but declined afterward due to stricter urban planning. Glaciers have reduced in area, though their meltwater contributed to the increase in water bodies and wetlands. (2) ESV increased by 99.34 billion, with grasslands and water bodies contributing 60% and 10%, respectively. …”
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Insights into the contribution of multiple factors on Ixodes ricinus abundance across Europe spanning 20 years using different machine learning algorithms by Samantha Lansdell, Abin Zorto, Misaki Seto, Edessa Negera, Saeed Sharif, Sally Cutler

“…This study was undertaken to address these limitations by applying 11 predictive ML models (across three data clustering techniques) to a large I. ricinus occurrence dataset (27,150 records) containing geographical and temporal data from a 20-year period across 30 European countries, coupled with data covering a range of climatic and habitat features (temperature, rainfall, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), percentage of discontinuous urban fabric and land use category). To assess which ML model was most suited to prediction of I. ricinus abundance, four performance metric values were calculated per model: Normalised Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), Scatter Index (SI), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and R2, all of which describe the statistical relationship between predicted and actual I. ricinus abundance values. …”
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Identifying corridors for Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in a part of Eastern Himalayas, India by Malyasri Bhattacharya, Debanjan Sarkar, Sneha Pandey, Indranil Mondal, Sambandam Sathyakumar, R. Suresh Kumar, Gautam Talukdar

“…The population of Black bears are restricted to small habitat patches, which over the years have become fragmented by road networks and urban settlements. In such fragmented landscapes, connecting corridors play a crucial role in maintaining wildlife movement and genetic diversity. …”
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Food insecurity and the risk of HIV acquisition: findings from population-based surveys in six sub-Saharan African countries (2016–2017) by Danielle Barradas, Nicholus Mutenda, Hetal Patel, Avi J Hakim, Lloyd Mulenga, Sally Findley, Andrea Low, George Rutherford, Sarah Ayton, Elizabeth Gummerson, Amee Schwitters, Rogerio Bonifacio, Mekleet Teferi, James Juma, Claudia Ahpoe, Choice Ginindza, Samuel Biraro, Karam Sachathep, Ahmed Saadani Hassani, Willford Kirungi, Keisha Jackson, Leah Goeke, Neena Philips, Jennifer Ward, Steven Hong

“…SFI was most common in urban, woman-headed households, and in people with chronic HIV infection. …”
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Nursing postgraduates’ innovative behaviour, influencing factors and educational requirements: a national cross-sectional study by Jiayi Zhu, Shuai Yuan, Lihui Pu, Ruben Martin-Payo, Liqin Wei, Mengying Qiu, Fengying Zhang

“…Participants who read scientific literature frequently, had a high level of professional identity, and grew up in urban areas had high levels of innovative behaviour (adjusted R 2  = 0.244, P < 0.001). …”
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Barriers and facilitators to implementation of a home-based cardiac rehabilitation programme for patients with heart failure in the NHS: a mixed-methods study by Rod S Taylor, Paulina Daw, Samantha B van Beurden, Jet J C S Veldhuijzen van Zanten, Alexander Harrison, Sinead T J McDonagh, Patrick J Doherty, Colin J Greaves, Hasnain M Dalal, Grace E R Wood

“…Different implementation contexts (urban/rural), timing (during the COVID-19 pandemic) and factors outside the healthcare team/system (quality of the REACH-HF training) were observed to negatively or positively impact the implementation process.Conclusions The findings are highly relevant to healthcare professionals involved in planning, delivering and commissioning of cardiac rehabilitation for patients with heart failure. …”
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