Changes of Regulatory T Cells and of Proinflammatory and Immunosuppressive Cytokines in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by Yong-chao Qiao, Jian Shen, Lan He, Xue-zhi Hong, Fang Tian, Yan-hong Pan, Ling Liang, Xiao-xi Zhang, Hai-lu Zhao

“…The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of regulatory T cells (Treg), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). …”
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Surface topography modulates initial platelet adhesion to titanium substrata by Cecilia Yan Guo, Raymond Mo, Hugh Kim

“…In addition, the secretion of critical molecules stored in platelet granules (platelet factor 4, PF4; soluble P-selectin, sCD62P; transforming growth factor-beta1, TGF-β1; platelet-derived growth factor-AB, PDGF-AB) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of the supernatants. …”
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Regulatory T cell-like response to SARS-CoV-2 in Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) transduced with human ACE2. by Bradly Burke, Savannah M Rocha, Shijun Zhan, Miles Eckley, Clara Reasoner, Amin Addetia, Juliette Lewis, Anna Fagre, Phillida A Charley, Juergen A Richt, Susan R Weiss, Ronald B Tjalkens, David Veesler, Tawfik Aboellail, Tony Schountz

“…CD4+ helper T cells became activated upon ex vivo recall stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid peptide library and exhibited elevated mRNA expression of the regulatory T cell cytokines interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β, which may have limited inflammatory pathology. …”
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Inhibition of Viability, Proliferation, Cytokines Secretion, Surface Antigen Expression, and Adipogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Seven-Day Ex... by Jian Wang, Bo Xiang, Jixian Deng, Darren H. Freed, Rakesh C. Arora, Ganghong Tian

“…The SMF slightly downregulated the expression of cytokines including Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1), genetic markers comprising Stem Cell Antigen-1 (Sca1), Octamer-4 (Oct-4), ATP-binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1 (ABCB1), adipogenic marker genes containing Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL), Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPAR-γ), and osteogenic marker genes including Secreted Phosphor-protein 1 (SPP1) and Osterix (OSX). …”
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Inhibitory effects of oxyresveratrol on ERK and Smad1/2 phosphorylation and HSC activation in preventing carbon tetrachloride-induced rat liver fibrosis by Guliang Yang, Jianfeng Zhan, Yiwen Yang, Li Yuan, Peilei Wang, Chi-Tang Ho, Shiming Li

“…Furthermore, the mRNA transcription levels of α-smooth muscle actinn (α-SMA), desmin, and two MMPs (MMP2 and MMP9) were reduced and the expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), p- small mother against decapen-taplegic protein (Smad)1/2 and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 in the liver tissue down-regulated dramatically. …”
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Altered Expression of Hematopoiesis Regulatory Molecules in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Patients with Aplastic Anemia by Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi, Naresh Kumar Tripathy, Ekta Minocha, Akhilesh Sharma, Khaliqur Rahman, Soniya Nityanand

“…., macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, stem cell factor (SCF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in lipopolysaccharide-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and levels of their soluble forms in the culture supernatants of BM-MSCs and BM plasma of patients with acquired aplastic anemia (AA) (n=29) and controls (n=29). …”
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Involvement of the TGF-β pathway in epithelialmesenchymal transition promoted by the pulmonary microenvironment in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by Fan Lu, Wang Huixia, Xu Nuo, Guo Yun, Li Ling

“…Transcriptome sequencing revealed significant upregulation of pathways including transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), tumor protein 53 (P53), protein kinase Hippo, Ras-proximate-1 or Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1), and members of class O forkhead box proteins (FoxO) in cells exposed to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from MPP patients with atelectasis. …”
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Halofuginone prevents inflammation and proliferation of high-altitude pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway by Jiangtao Wang, Lina Guan, Jian Yu, Bohua Ma, Huihua Shen, Guozhu Xing, Yawei Xu, Qiufang Li, Juan Liu, Qin Xu, Wenhui Shi, Jia He, Yixuan Huang, Dongfeng Yin, Wu Li, Rui Wang

“…In addition, we also examined the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 in lung tissue, and found that HF exerted therapeutic effects by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.…”
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Radix Scutellariae Ameliorates Stress-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors via Protecting Neurons through the TGFβ3-Smad2/3-Nedd9 Signaling Pathway by Fan Zhao, Chenyiyu Zhang, Dong Xiao, Weihua Zhang, Liping Zhou, Simeng Gu, Rong Qu

“…The neuroprotective effect of RS was evaluated with the expression of hippocampal neuron-related markers and apoptosis-associated proteins by Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, and western blot. Transforming growth factor-β3 (TGFβ3) pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot. …”
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Isolation and Evaluation of Potential Use of Prebiotics—Utilizing Butyrate-Producing Bacteria in Nibea coibor by Zhongzhen Li, Ngoc Tuan Tran, Ming Zhang, Zhaoxi Li, Wanying Yang, Shuqi Wang, Zhong Hu, Shengkang Li

“…Compared to control, levels of complement C3, complement C4, immunoglobulin M (IgM), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-1β, and lysozyme (LZM) increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased in treated groups. …”
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Human Muscle Progenitor Cells Displayed Immunosuppressive Effect through Galectin-1 and Semaphorin-3A by Séverine Lecourt, Yves Lepelletier, Valérie Vanneaux, Rafika Jarray, Thomas Domet, Françoise Raynaud, Réda Hadj-Slimane, Audrey Cras, Olivier Hermine, Jean-Pierre Marolleau, Jérôme Larghero

“…MSCs are also characterized by their immunosuppressive potential, through cell-cell contacts and soluble factors, including prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukine-10, or indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. …”
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Diacerein Inhibits Myopia Progression through Lowering Inflammation in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell by Peng-Tai Tien, Chia-Hung Lin, Chih-Sheng Chen, Ching-Yao Chang, Hsiangyu Ku, Dekang Gan, Yi-Yu Tsai, Jamie Jiin-Yi Chen, Hui-Ju Lin, Lei Wan

“…Furthermore, we determined the level of transforming growth factor-beta- (TGF-) β1, matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2, type I collagen, interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein- (MCP-) 1 in the retina. …”
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Fenofibrate Inhibited the Differentiation of T Helper 17 Cells In Vitro by Zhou Zhou, Weiliang Sun, Ying Liang, Yanxiang Gao, Wei Kong, Youfei Guan, Juan Feng, Xian Wang

“…Our results showed that fenofibrate inhibited transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and IL-6-induced differentiation of Th17 cells in vitro. …”
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The intervention of curcumin on rodent models of hepatic fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. by Yun-Hang Chu, Bing-Yao Pang, Ming Yang, Qi Meng, Yan Leng

“…The outcome indicators included liver cell structure and function related indicators, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin (ALB), ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G), total bilirubin (TBIL), bax protein, bcl-2 protein and index of liver, as well as the relevant indicators for evaluating the degree of hepatic fibrosis, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), type I collagen (Collagen I), type III collagen (Collagen III), type III procollagen (PCIII), type III procollagen amino terminal peptide (PIIINP), type IV collagen (IV-C), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), α-Smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), hydroxyproline (HYP), platelet derived factor-BB (PDGF-BB), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and oxidative stress-related indicators, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). …”
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Pirfenidone Alleviates Choroidal Neovascular Fibrosis through TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathway by Chuang Gao, Xin Cao, Lili Huang, Yueqi Bao, Tao Li, Yue Di, Liucheng Wu, Yu Song

“…Background. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a major role in CNV. …”
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The Progression of Mycosis Fungoides During Treatment with Mogamulizumab: A BIO-MUSE Case Study of the Tumor and Immune Response in Peripheral Blood and Tissue by Angelica Johansson, Eirini Kalliara, Emma Belfrage, Teodor Alling, Paul Theodor Pyl, Anna Sandström Gerdtsson, Urban Gullberg, Anna Porwit, Kristina Drott, Sara Ek

“…</b> The results pinpoint targets, such as transforming growth factor β1, as some of the mechanisms underlying disease progression, which may have the potential to improve patient prognostication and the development of precision medicine efforts. …”
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DMAV in Drinking Water Activated NF-κB Signal Pathway and Increased TGF-β and IL-1β Expressions in Bladder Epithelial Cells of Rats by Siqi Cao, Shengnan Liu, Fei Wang, Jieyu Liu, Mengdan Li, Chen Wang, Shuhua Xi

“…In this study, we measured the expressions of mRNA and proteins of NF-κB pathway members, IKKα, IKKβ, p65, and p50 in rat bladder epithelium by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis after rats received drinking water containing 100 and 200 ppm DMAV for 10 weeks. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) immunoexpression in rat bladder epithelium and urine level of IL-1β also were determined. …”
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Genome-wide analysis of Smad and Schnurri transcription factors in C. elegans demonstrates widespread interaction and a function in collagen secretion by Mehul Vora, Jonathan Dietz, Zachary Wing, Karen George, Jun Kelly Liu, Christopher Rongo, Cathy Savage-Dunn

“…Smads and their transcription factor partners mediate the transcriptional responses of target cells to secreted ligands of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, including those of the conserved bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family, yet only a small number of direct target genes have been well characterized. …”
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Comparison of Corneal Epitheliotrophic Factors of Undiluted Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma and Autologous Serum Eye Drops for Dry Eye Disease by Passara Jongkhajornpong, Kaevalin Lekhanont, Sasivimol Rattanasiri, Prapaporn Pisitkun, Ammarin Thakkinstian

“…Primary outcome measures were the concentrations of epitheliotrophic factors, including epithelial growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), β-nerve growth factor (β-NGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-AA, PDGF-BB, transforming growth factor (TGF)-α, TGF-β1, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in 100% APRP and 100% AS. …”
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The Effects of Immunosuppressive Factors on Primary Dendritic Cells from C57BL/6 and CBA Mice by Vasiliy V. Kurilin, Julia N. Khantakova, Valeriy P. Tereschenko, Julia A. Lopatnikova, Irina A. Obleukhova, Sergey V. Sennikov

“…In C57Bl/6 mice, BAY 11-7082 alone had no effect on the expression of DC maturation molecules (CD80, CD86). Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), alone and in combination with BAY 11-7082, reduced the expression of these molecules. …”
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