Targeting Toll-Like Receptors for Treatment of SLE by Christopher G. Horton, Zi-jian Pan, A. Darise Farris

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important innate immune receptors for the identification and clearance of invading pathogens. …”
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Toll-Like Receptor Signaling and Liver Fibrosis by Tomonori Aoyama, Yong-Han Paik, Ekihiro Seki

“…The activation of inflammatory cells, including Kupffer cells, is a crucial step for activating hepatic stellate cells. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that sense pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which discriminate the products of microorganisms from the host. …”
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Current Views of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways by Masahiro Yamamoto, Kiyoshi Takeda

“…Recent studies have demonstrated that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play crucial roles in innate responses that lead not only to the clearance of pathogens but also to the efficient establishment of acquired immunity by directly detecting molecules from microbes. …”
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Toll-Like Receptors in Leishmania Infections: Guardians or Promoters? by Marilia S. Faria, Flavia C. G. Reis, Ana Paula C. A. Lima

“…Among those, the potential contribution of members of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) family in the control of Leishmania infections started to be investigated about a decade ago. …”
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Toll-Like Receptors in Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion and Transplantation by John Evankovich, Timothy Billiar, Allan Tsung

“…The family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) function as pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that respond to a myriad of highly conserved ligands. …”
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Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Pathways—Therapeutic Opportunities by Jiankun Zhu, Chandra Mohan

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane proteins acting mainly as sensors of microbial components. …”
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TIRAP, TRAM, and Toll-Like Receptors: The Untold Story by Valérie Lannoy, Anthony Côté-Biron, Claude Asselin, Nathalie Rivard

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most studied receptors among the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). …”
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Toll-Like Receptor-Based Strategies for Cancer Immunotherapy by Saghar Pahlavanneshan, Ali Sayadmanesh, Hamidreza Ebrahimiyan, Mohsen Basiri

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are expressed and play multiple functional roles in a variety of immune cell types involved in tumor immunity. …”
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The Role of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling in the Progression of Heart Failure by Lili Yu, Zhiwei Feng

“…Elevated levels of inflammatory mediators have been identified in patients with HF, which are primarily manifestations of innate immune responses mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which belong to PRRs, are subjected to the release of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to generate innate immune responses. …”
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Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation in Cancer Progression and Therapy by Alja Oblak, Roman Jerala

“…Successful activation and maturation of tumor-specific immune cells is now known to be mediated by bacterial endotoxin, which activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). TLR4 is expressed on a variety of immune as well as tumor cells, but its activation can have opposing effects. …”
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The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Infectious and Noninfectious Inflammation by Monica Molteni, Sabrina Gemma, Carlo Rossetti

“…Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) belongs to the family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). …”
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Toll-like receptors in atopic dermatitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications by Ahmad Vafaeian, Fateme Rajabi, Nima Rezaei

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Toll-Like Receptors in Natural Killer Cells and Their Application for Immunotherapy by Ji-Yoon Noh, Suk Ran Yoon, Tae-Don Kim, Inpyo Choi, Haiyoung Jung

“…Innate immunity represents the first barrier for host defense against microbial infection. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most well-defined PRRs with respect to PAMP recognition and induction of innate immune responses. …”
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Role of Cytokines and Toll-Like Receptors in the Immunopathogenesis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome by Kishan Kumar Nyati, Kashi Nath Prasad

“…Evidences suggest that systemically and locally released cytokines and their involvement in immune-mediated demyelination and axonal damage of peripheral nerves are important in the pathogenesis of GBS. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) link innate and adaptive immunity through transcription of several proinflammatory cytokines. …”
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Genetic Diversity of Toll-Like Receptors and Immunity to M. leprae Infection by Bryan E. Hart, Richard I. Tapping

“…Despite the preponderance of these studies, our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie these genetic associations remains sparse. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have emerged as an essential family of innate immune pattern recognition receptors which play a pivotal role in host defense against microbes, including pathogenic strains of mycobacteria. …”
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Inflammatory Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Human and Murine Adipose Tissue by Odile Poulain-Godefroy, Olivier Le Bacquer, Pauline Plancq, Cécile Lecœur, François Pattou, Gema Frühbeck, Philippe Froguel

“…Therefore, beside TLR4, other toll-like receptors are differentially expressed in human fat tissue, and functional in an adipocyte cell line, suggesting that they might participate omental adipose tissue-related inflammation that occurs in obesity.…”
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Immunomodulation by Gut Microbiota: Role of Toll-Like Receptor Expressed by T Cells by Mariagrazia Valentini, Alessia Piermattei, Gabriele Di Sante, Giuseppe Migliara, Giovanni Delogu, Francesco Ria

“…To achieve this aim, mutual regulation between immune system and microbiota is achieved through several mechanisms, including the engagement of toll-like receptors (TLRs), pathogen-specific receptors expressed on numerous cell types. …”
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Toll-like receptor 4 pathway evolutionary trajectory and functional emergence by Shailya Verma, Ramanathan Sowdhamini, Ramanathan Sowdhamini, Ramanathan Sowdhamini

“…IntroductionToll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) recognize lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from bacteria as their conventional ligands and undergo downstream signaling to produce cytokines. …”
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Modulation of Toll-Like Receptor Signalling as a New Therapeutic Principle by Philipp M. Lepper, Martha Triantafilou, Luke A. O'Neill, Natalija Novak, Hermann Wagner, Andrew E. Parker, Kathy Triantafilou

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TNIP1 in Autoimmune Diseases: Regulation of Toll-like Receptor Signaling by Rambon Shamilov, Brian J. Aneskievich

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