Tautomeric Equilibria in Solutions of 2-Phenacylbenzimidazoles by Agnieszka Skotnicka, Przemysław Czeleń, Ryszard Gawinecki

“…., 2-(1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-ylidene)-1-phenylethan-1-one, was thermodynamically most stable, the results of MP2 ab initio calculations reveal the following order of stability: ketimine > enolimine > enaminone (substituents do not affect this sequence). 13C CPMAS NMR spectral data reveal that in the crystalline state the enolimine tautomer O is predominant in the p-CH3 and p-NO2 substituted congeners.…”
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The Plastic Glial-Synaptic Dynamics within the Neuropil: A Self-Organizing System Composed of Polyelectrolytes in Phase Transition by Vera Maura Fernandes de Lima, Alfredo Pereira

“…The use of nonlinear thermodynamics supports experiments at convenient biological spatiotemporal scales, while an understanding of the properties of ions and their interactions with water requires explanations based on quantum theories. …”
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Chiral Phase Transition in Linear Sigma Model with Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics by Ke-Ming Shen, Hui Zhang, De-Fu Hou, Ben-Wei Zhang, En-Ke Wang

“…The corresponding nonextensive distribution, based on Tsallis’ statistics, is characterized by a dimensionless nonextensive parameter, q, and the results in the usual Boltzmann-Gibbs case are recovered when q→1. The thermodynamics of the linear sigma model and its corresponding phase diagram are analysed. …”
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Thomas Hardy : une écriture paradoxale entre génération et dégradation entropique by Annie Escuret

“…Some of Hardy’s narratives do not belong to this modern conception of time : when time means loss in Hardy’s fiction, it refers to thermodynamics and to the loss of energy, that is to say time as degradation and no longer time as poetic creation embodied in Hardy’s Wessex.…”
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Continuous Dual Resetting of the Immune Repertoire as a Basic Principle of the Immune System Function by Silvana Balzar

“…The CDR functions as a consequence of system’s thermodynamically determined intrinsic tendency to acquire new states of inner equilibrium and equilibrium against the environment. …”
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Catalytic transformation of carbon dioxide into seven-membered heterocycles and their domino transformation into bicyclic oxazolidinones by Wangyu Shi, Jordi Benet-Buchholz, Arjan W. Kleij

“…This methodology avoids the formation of thermodynamically more stable, smaller-ring by-products and has good functional group tolerance. …”
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Optical Absorption and Electron Injection of 4-(Cyanomethyl)benzoic Acid Based Dyes: A DFT Study by Yuehua Zhang, Penghui Ren, Yuanzuo Li, Runzhou Su, Meiyu Zhao

“…The excited states properties and the thermodynamical parameters of electron injection were studied. …”
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Characterization of Conjugated Polymer Poly(fluorene-co-thiophene) and Its Application as Photosensitizer of TiO2 by Rongliang Qiu, Lin Song, Dongdong Zhang, Yueqi Mo, Eric Brewer, Xiongfei Huang

“…Consequently, it was deemed that transfer of electrons from the excited PFTs to the conduction band of TiO2 was thermodynamically possible. PFTs with higher thiophene content had more electron transitions in the excited state, resulting in increased photocatalytic activity of PFT-sensitized TiO2. …”
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Calculation of Capillary Rise Height of Soils by SWCC Model by Yuhan Li, Chen Zhang, Chenghao Chen, Hao Chen

“…Based on the BCC model and principles of thermodynamics, the soil-water characteristic curve test is designed for the purpose of calculating the pore distribution of soil samples. …”
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Atomic-scale understanding of the effects of Cr and Ti on γ′ growth kinetics in the Ni–Al-X ternary system: Diffusion couple technique and DFT study by Xinyu Gao, Yuan Tian, Xin Wen, Shichang Qiao, Fengzhen Wang, Na Li, Zhikang Xia, Yongqianag Wang, Shuai Liu, Chao Yuan

“…First-principles calculations indicate that Cr and Ti favor γ′ phase formation thermodynamically and kinetically. Al compressibility from Cr and Ti doping promotes γ′ formation. …”
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Grain Boundaries Control Lithiation of Solid Solution Substrates in Lithium Metal Batteries by Leonardo Shoji Aota, Chanwon Jung, Siyuan Zhang, Ömer K. Büyükuslu, Aparna Saksena, Ezgi Hatipoglu, Poonam Yadav, Mahander Pratap Singh, Xinren Chen, Eric Woods, Christina Scheu, Se‐Ho Kim, Dierk Raabe, Baptiste Gault

“…The role of kinetics and mechanical constraint from the microstructure over equilibrium thermodynamics in dictating the lithiation process is evidenced. …”
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Calculation of Free Energy Consumption in Gene Transcription with Complex Promoter Structure by Lifang Huang, Peijiang Liu, Kunwen Wen, Jianshe Yu

“…From the viewpoint of thermodynamics, gene transcription necessarily consumes free energy due to nonequilibrium processes. …”
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Boron removal from metallurgical grade silicon using a FeCl2 molten salt refining technique by Jia B.J., Wu J.J., Ma W.H., Yang B., Liu D.C., Dai Y.N.

“…The rate equation of boron removal using FeCl2 molten salt was proposed and established in kinetic, which showed a large difference in removal limitation of boron compared with thermodynamics.…”
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Removal of Lead(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using a Modified Cellulose Adsorbent by David W. O'Connell, Colin Birkinshaw, Thomas F. O'Dwyer

“…The adsorption process is best described by the Langmuir adsorption model and the thermodynamics of the process suggest that the binding process is exothermic. …”
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Effect of Loading Rates on Mechanical Characteristics and Rock Burst Tendency of Coal-Rock Combined Samples by Jiang Hu, Jingang Li

“…According to the universal law of thermodynamics, the failure of any substance is closely related to its energy change. …”
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A New Quantitative Definition of the Complexity of Organized Matters by Tatsuaki Okamoto

“…., logical depth, effective complexity, natural complexity, thermodynamics depth, effective measure complexity, and statistical complexity), there is no agreed-upon definition. …”
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Techniques for Finding Analytical Solution of Generalized Fuzzy Differential Equations with Applications by Mudassir Shams, Nasreen Kausar, Naveed Yaqoob, Nayyab Arif, Gezahagne Mulat Addis

“…Engineering and applied mathematics disciplines that involve differential equations include classical mechanics, thermodynamics, electrodynamics, and general relativity. …”
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Preparation, Encapsulation, and Performance Evaluation of Ternary Phase Change Materials for Building Envelope by Hongzhi Zhu, Bin Guo, Zhi Li

“…Through the phase change material composite method, it was adopted to carry out step cooling curve test and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test, based on the second law of thermodynamics and the theory of phase equilibrium. DSC thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) characterization were carried out. …”
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De la crainte de la damnation éternelle aux prémisses de l’angoisse existentielle contemporaine : inquiétudes sotériologiques et eschatologiques chez William Hale White (« Mark Rut... by Jean-Michel Yvard

“…Gradually, however, the fear of a final degeneration of our world began to be induced by scientific knowledge itself, particularly by discoveries in the field of thermodynamics, which predicted the extinction of the sun as well as the thermal death of the universe.To what extent did traditional uncertainties concerning man’s salvation increase in this context? …”
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Analysis of Bismuth (III) Iodide and Dendrimers in Drug Applications by Shahid Amin, M. A. Rehman, Amir Naseem, Jihad Younis, Syed Sheraz Asghar

“…A topological index (TI) is a mathematical function that assigns a numerical value to a (molecular) graph and predicts many physical, chemical, biological, thermodynamical, and structural features of that network. …”
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