How Did the COVID‐19 Pandemic Change Cigarette Smoking Behavior? by Jason Semprini

“…While these results did not vary significantly over time, we did observe heterogeneous associations between the pandemic and smoking outcomes by socioeconomic subgroups. Conclusions Smoking prevalence continues to decline in the United States, and the pandemic appeared to have been associated with lower smoking rates. …”
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Re-conceptualizing trafficking-in-persons victimization using latent class analysis: Results from a community study in Cape Town, South Africa by Annah K. Bender, Erica L. Koegler, Edna G. Rich, Nicolette V. Roman, Rumi Kato Price

“…Global estimates of human trafficking's prevalence are elusive given that it is shrouded in secrecy and often affects subgroups with little voice of their own, such as migrants and child abuse victims. …”
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Evaluation of Fluoride release from orthodontic acrylic resin by using two different polymerizations techniques: An InVitro Study by Diyar B. Sabir, Zana Q. Omer

“…Results: Significant difference was observed in the fluoride-releasing of both groups and within the subgroups (P≤0.05). The highest amount of fluoride release is present in 20% NaF followed by 10% NaF for Auto polymerized acrylic resin in the first day. …”
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Lidocaine Versus Ketamine Pretreatment on Propofol Injection Pain by Amir Murad Khudadad Boujan, Nashmeel fazeel Kareem, Amanj A. Marouf, Saman Abdullah Ahmed Fahmi, Salah Qadir Mahmood

“…They randomly split to three subgroups, A cannula (size20) used   in the dorsum hand veins, standard monitor was established patients received either 2mL (40 mg) of lidocaine or 2mL (20mg) of ketamine and 2 mL of saline 1 min before injection   2.5 milligram per kilogram propofol.  …”
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Evaluation of Prognostic Factors Following Flow-Cytometric DNA Analysis after Cytokeratin Labelling: II. Cervical and Endometrial Cancer by Pauline Wimberger, Peter Hillemanns, Thomas Kapsner, Hermann Hepp, Rainer Kimmig

“…In gynecologic oncology valid prognostic factors are necessary to define biologically similar subgroups for analysis of therapeutic efficacy. This study is the first published prospective study concerning prognostic significance of DNA ploidy and S‐phase fraction in cervical and endometrial cancer following enrichment of tumor cells by cytokeratin labelling. …”
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In vitro Evaluation of Repair Bond Strength to Bulk-fill Composites Using Two Silane-Free Universal Adhesives, with and without Silane Application by Alara AKSOY, Nazmiye DÖNMEZ

“…They were divided into 2 groups (n=20) according to the adhesive system used and then into two subgroups (n=10) as additional silane was applied or unapplied. …”
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Evaluation of Caries-Free Restorations Bonded with Various Adhesive Systems: In Vitro Study by Morakot Piemjai, Pareewan Chantarawej, Nobuo Nakabayashi

“…All cavities were restored with either the resin-composite or amalgam with or without resin adhesives: dry bonding: Super-Bond D-Liner II Plus; moist bonding: All-Bond 2; and self-etch bonding: AQ Bond and Clearfil Protect Bond. Two subgroups of Super-Bond D-Liner II Plus were immersed for 14 days at 37°C either in artificial saliva (negative control) or the artificial caries solution. …”
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Modeling the determinants of cigarette consumption in Iranian households with children under 5 years of age using the Income and Expenditure Survey 2021 by Shakila Bagheri, Naser Kamyari, Saeed Hesam, Maryam Seyedtabib

“…This study reveals different patterns of smoking prevalence in different population subgroups and emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to effectively reduce smoking rates.…”
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Sequence Analysis of Long-Term Readmissions among High-Impact Users of Cerebrovascular Patients by Ahsan Rao, Alex Bottle, Ara Darzi, Paul Aylin

“…Although common causes of readmission are the same in different subgroups, the high-impact users had a higher proportion of patients with distinct common sequences of multiple readmissions as identified by the sequence analysis. …”
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Clinical Characterization of Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria according to Anti-TPO IgE Levels by Jorge Sánchez, Andres Sánchez, Ricardo Cardona

“…Among the first group (anti-TPO IgE at any point), we identified 3 subgroups: patients with anti-TPO IgE during the clinical control period (n=12); patients with anti-TPO IgE during the clinical control period and significantly increased levels during an urticaria exacerbation (n=18); and patients with anti-TPO IgE only during an exacerbation (n=13). …”
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Patients’ and physiotherapists’ perspectives on implementing a tailored stratified treatment approach for low back pain in Nigeria: a qualitative study by Kay Stevenson, Mishael Adje, Jost Steinhäuser, Chidozie Emmanuel Mbada, Sven Karstens

“…Preceding the interviews, patients completed the Subgroups for Targeted Treatment tool. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed following grounded theory methodology.Results Twelve physiotherapists and 13 patients with LBP participated in the study (11 female, mean age 42.8 (SD 11.47) years). …”
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Identification of an Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature to Predict Survival and Immune Status in Glioma Patients by Zhaoyue Yan, Yushuai Gao, Jinliang Yu, Zhiyuan Shen, Xingyao Bu

“…The differences in clinical correlations, immune infiltrate types, immunotherapeutic response predictions, and pathway enrichment among subgroups were investigated via bioinformatic algorithms. …”
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Healthcare resource utilization and costs in immunodeficient patients receiving subcutaneous Ig: Real-world evidence from France. by Guillaume Lefèvre, Isabelle Borget, Cinira Lefèvre, Chahrazed Maherzi, Arnaud Nucit, Mouna Hennaoui, Aurélie Schmidt, Hannah Lennon, Benjamin Grenier, Florent Daydé, Nizar Mahlaoui

“…Monthly mean rates for SCIg administration-related hospitalizations were lower overall, while their costs were 1.6 and 1.8 times higher for cSCIg than fSCIg subgroups, in PIDs and SIDs respectively; these results are due to more frequent hospitalizations with fSCIg being mainly shorter, without stayover. …”
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Treatment With Avacopan in Patients With Respiratory Tract Manifestations of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis by Ulrich Specks, Robert F. Spiera, Lynn A. Fussner, Robert Lebovics, Sarah Bray, Rachel E. Gurlin, Darcy Trimpe, David R. W. Jayne, Peter A. Merkel, for the ADVOCATE Study Group

“…Conclusion Patients with GPA or MPA with ENT or lung manifestations demonstrated similar responses to avacopan, reflecting results reported in the overall ADVOCATE trial population and supporting the administration of avacopan in these subgroups.…”
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Predicting the Clinical Outcome of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Based on the Gene Expression Characteristics of Necroptosis and Different Molecular Subtypes by Peng Luo, Zhaoqi Shi, Changshou He, Guojun Chen, Ji Feng, Linghua Zhu, Xiangyang Song

“…Herein, two new molecular subgroups considering necroptosis-linked genes are proposed, and an NPRS model composed of 10 genes is developed, which maybe assist in the personalized treatment and clinical treatment guidance of TNBC patients.…”
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Factors affecting the risk of gender-based violence among 2SLGBTQIA+ adolescents and youth: a scoping review of climate change-related vulnerabilities by Szymon Parzniewski, Xing Luo, Siyu Ru, Nevcihan Ozbilge, Kyle Breen, Haorui Wu

“…The factors affecting the risk of GBV among 2SLGBTQIA+ adolescents and youth were categorized into (1) Wellbeing and mental health; (2) Disparities compared to cisgender youth; (3) Perpetration and victimization; (4) Different types of violence; and (5) Differences among 2SLGBTQIA+ subgroups. The studies further showed relevance to climate-related stressors such as displacement and resource scarcity, and how those can further amplify the vulnerabilities of 2SLGBTQIA+ youth to GBV. …”
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Exosome-Associated Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Ovarian Cancer Patients by Zihan Zhu, Rui Geng, Yixin Zhang, Jinhui Liu, Jianling Bai

“…Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis was performed to compare the enrichment patterns between the two risk subgroups. The connections between the exosome-related gene risk score (ERGRS) and clinical features, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint-related genes, copy number variation, and drug sensitivity were explored. …”
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Evaluation of Zirconia Surfaces after Strong-Acid Etching and Its Effects on the Shear Bond Strength of Dental Resin Cement by Yongsang Lee, Kyung Chul Oh, Na-Hong Kim, Hong-Seok Moon

“…These groups were then classified into two subgroups (a total of 8 groups with 11 specimens/group) according to the resin cement used for bonding, namely, Rely-X U200 (3M ESPE, St. …”
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Prevalence and Management Recommendations for Disease-Related Malnutrition in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with and without Diabetes by Li-Li Dai, Wei-Li Li, Ding-Feng Zheng, Wei-Hong Wang, Hao-Fen Xie, Jian-Wei Ma

“…A total of 683 patients with CKD who were hospitalized in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were enrolled and divided into subgroups 1 to 5 according to whether they were complicated with diabetes and glomerular filtration rate. …”
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Serum Levels of Irisin and Omentin-1 in Breast Neoplasms and Their Association with Tumor Histology by Grigorios Panagiotou, Sofia Triantafyllidou, Basil C. Tarlatzis, Eleni Papakonstantinou

“…Disease-free individuals (N = 56) and patients with histologically proven benign (N = 61) or malignant tumor (N = 96; subdivided into recently diagnosed/treatment-naïve (N = 72) and chemotherapy-treated (N = 24) subgroups) were enrolled in this study. Demographic, biochemical, and tumor histological characteristics were recorded. …”
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