Is synthetic data generation effective in maintaining clinical biomarkers? Investigating diffusion models across diverse imaging modalities by Abdullah Hosseini, Ahmed Serag

“…The quality of synthetic images is evaluated through a classifier trained to identify the preservation of medical biomarkers.ResultsThe diffusion model effectively preserves key medical features, such as lung markings and retinal abnormalities, producing synthetic images closely resembling real data. …”
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Comparison of Fully Convolutional Networks and U-Net for Optic Disc and Optic Cup Segmentation by Jin Zixiao

“…This paper aims to compare two well-known convolutional neural network (CNN) structures, namely Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) and U-Net for the segmentation of the optic disc (OD) and optic cup (OC) from retinal fundus images which play an important role in glaucoma diagnosis. …”
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Knock-In Mice with Myo3a Y137C Mutation Displayed Progressive Hearing Loss and Hair Cell Degeneration in the Inner Ear by Peipei Li, Zongzhuang Wen, Guangkai Zhang, Aizhen Zhang, Xiaolong Fu, Jiangang Gao

“…Myo3a is expressed in cochlear hair cells and retinal cells and is responsible for human recessive hereditary nonsyndromic deafness (DFNB30). …”
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Severe Macular Edema in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Related Uveitis by Maria Pia Paroli, Claudia Fabiani, Giovanni Spinucci, Irene Abicca, Alfredo Sapia, Leopoldo Spadea

“…In such patients, in presence of age-related microvascular changes due to the enhancer effect of sex hormones, cataract extraction should be a factor triggering the retinal complication.…”
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Effect of Phenylephrine on the Accommodative System by José J. Esteve-Taboada, Antonio J. Del Águila-Carrasco, Paula Bernal-Molina, Teresa Ferrer-Blasco, Norberto López-Gil, Robert Montés-Micó

“…During accommodation the pupil constricts to increase the depth of focus of the eye and improve retinal image quality. Researchers have traditionally faced the challenge of measuring the accommodative properties of the eye through a small pupil and thus have relied on pharmacological agents to dilate the pupil. …”
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Multimodal Image Analysis in Acquired Vitelliform Lesions and Adult-Onset Foveomacular Vitelliform Dystrophy by Ricardo Rocha Bastos, Carla Sofia Ferreira, Elisete Brandão, Fernando Falcão-Reis, Ângela M. Carneiro

“…When consulting a patient presenting a VL with unknown age of onset, familial history, or previous retinal diseases, some aspects of multimodal imaging assessment may lead the ophthalmologist to a correct diagnosis.…”
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Intraocular Silicone Oil Masquerading as Terson Syndrome by Navid Elmi Sadr, Bijan Samavat, Payam Mehrian, Alireza Hedayatfar

“…Silicone oil which is widely used for internal tamponade of complicated retinal detachments has high attenuation on computed tomography and hyperintensity on T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging that can mimic intraocular hemorrhage. …”
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Unveiling the Complexity of Medical Imaging through Deep Learning Approaches by Javaid Iqbal Bhat, Novsheena Rasool

“…Encompassing a range of diseases, including Alzheimer’s, breast cancer, brain tumors, glaucoma, heart murmurs, retinal microaneurysms, colorectal liver metastases, and more, the analysis emphasizes contributions succinctly summarized in a tabular form.The table provides an overview of various deep learning approaches applied to different diseases, incorporating methodologies, datasets, and outcomes for each condition.Notably, performance metrics such as accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and other crucial measures underscore the achieved results. …”
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Bruch’s Membrane Opening Minimum Rim Width Measurement with SD-OCT: A Method to Correct for the Opening Size of Bruch’s Membrane by Robert Kromer, Martin Stephan Spitzer

“…A precise evaluation of the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) is key for diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma. …”
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Quantifying monochromatic and polychromatic optical blur anisotropy in the periphery of myopes and emmetropes using a radial asymmetry metric by Chloe Degre Kendrick, Dibyendu Pusti, Geunyoung Yoon

“…Published population averages of longitudinal and transverse chromatic aberration were used for polychromatic blur asymmetry calculations.ResultsBlur anisotropy magnitude and orientation differed between refractive groups at several peripheral retinal locations under monochromatic and polychromatic conditions. …”
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Retinopathy in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease by Myrsini Orfanidou, Stergios A. Polyzos

“…Chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction are only some of those mechanisms contributing to disease progression and, possibly, determining the bidirectional interplay between the liver and retinal pathology. This narrative review aims to summarize data concerning the multisystemicity of MASLD, primarily focusing on its potential association with the eyes and, particularly, retinopathy. …”
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Two-Year Outcome of Aflibercept in Patients with Pigment Epithelial Detachment due to Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (nAMD) Refractory to Ranibizumab by Thi Ha Chau Tran, Stéphane Dumas, Florence Coscas

“…To evaluate the response of intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) in eyes with detachment of retinal pigment epithelium (DEP) secondary to nAMD refractory to monthly ranibizumab. …”
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Salient Distractors Can Induce Saccade Adaptation by Afsheen Khan, Sally A. McFadden, Mark Harwood, Josh Wallman

“…The proposed error signal for saccade adaptation has been based on the distance between where the eye lands and the visual target (retinal error). We studied whether the error signal could alternatively be based on the distance between the predicted and actual locus of attention after the saccade. …”
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Ocular Circulation and Chronic Ocular Ischemic Syndrome before and after Carotid Artery Revascularization Surgery by Shoichiro Kawaguchi, Jun-ichi Iida, Yoshitomo Uchiyama

“…Ocular circulation was examined before and after revascularization surgery using ophthalmic artery (OphAr) and central retinal artery (CRA) color Doppler flow imaging. Results. (1) Ocular circulation: preoperatively, the average OphAr peak systolic flow velocity (Vs) was 0.05 m/sec, and the average CRA Vs was 0.07 m/sec. …”
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Identification of diabetic retinopathy lesions in fundus images by integrating CNN and vision mamba models. by Zenglei Liu, Ailian Gao, Hui Sheng, Xueling Wang

“…Diabetic retinopathy, a retinal disorder resulting from diabetes mellitus, is a prominent cause of visual degradation and loss among the global population. …”
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Correlation of Macular Focal Electroretinogram with Ellipsoid Zone Extension in Stargardt Disease by Edoardo Abed, Giorgio Placidi, Luigi Calandriello, Marco Piccardi, Francesca Campagna, Matteo Bertelli, Angelo Maria Minnella, Maria Cristina Savastano, Benedetto Falsini

“…This disease is characterized by a progressive accumulation of lipofuscin in the outer retina and subsequent loss of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cone photoreceptor function and structure in STGD1. …”
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Medical and Psychological Risk Factors for Incident Hypertension in Type 1 Diabetic African-Americans by Monique S. Roy, Malvin N. Janal, Alec Roy

“…Patients had a structured clinical interview, ocular examination, retinal photographs, and blood and urine assays and completed the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire (HDHQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). …”
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Barriers and enablers of access to diabetes eye care in Auckland, New Zealand: a qualitative study by David Squirrell, Matire Harwood, Jacqueline Ramke, Corina Grey, Rinki Murphy, Pushkar Raj Silwal, Maryam Pirouzi

“…The most reported barriers were transport issues, lack of awareness regarding the importance of retinal screening, time constraints, limited and/or inflexible appointment times and competing family commitments. …”
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Selective Gene Transfer to the Retina Using Intravitreal Ultrasound Irradiation by Shozo Sonoda, Katsuro Tachibana, Toshifumi Yamashita, Makoto Shirasawa, Hiroto Terasaki, Eisuke Uchino, Ryo Suzuki, Kazuo Maruyama, Taiji Sakamoto

“…No GFP-positive cells were observed in the control eyes (n=7). Intravitreal retinal US irradiation can transfer the GFP plasmid into the retina without causing any apparent damage. …”
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Distributed training of foundation models for ophthalmic diagnosis by Sina Gholami, Fatema-E Jannat, Atalie Carina Thompson, Sally Shin Yee Ong, Jennifer I. Lim, Theodore Leng, Hamed Tabkhivayghan, Minhaj Nur Alam

“…This approach supports collaborative model development without data sharing, providing a scalable, privacy-preserving solution for effective retinal disease screening and diagnosis in diverse clinical settings.…”
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