Comparison of retinal and choroidal vascular changes via optical coherence tomography angiography between pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation syndrome and control grou... by Mohammad Hossein Ahoor, Rana Sorkhabi, Farhad Najafzadeh, Sheyda Mahmoudzadeh, Amin Arasteh, Tahereh Attar Gharamaleki

“…The foveal and parafoveal vascular density (VD) in superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, outer retina flow area, choriocapillaris flow area, peripapillary VD, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the macula and peripapillary region were assessed. …”
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Correlating the Optical Coherence Tomography Patterns and Biomarkers of Diabetic Macular Edema with Hemoglobin Level in Diabetic Kidney Disease by Gopalakrishnan N, Nagaraju SP, George NM, Bhandary SV, Kamath YS, Shetty SS, Nair SS, Kuzhuppilly NI, S S

“…Nikhil Gopalakrishnan,1 Shankar Prasad Nagaraju,2 Neenu Mariam George,3 Sulatha V Bhandary,4 Yogish S Kamath,4 Sushan Shankar Shetty,4 Soumya S Nair,4 Neetha IR Kuzhuppilly,4 Shailaja S4 1Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; 2Department of Nephrology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India; 3Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, IndiaCorrespondence: Shailaja S; Sushan Shankar Shetty, Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104, India, Tel +91 9686125861, Fax +91-820-2571934, Email shailaja.s@manipal.edu; sushan.shetty@manipal.eduPurpose: To correlate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) based morphological patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME) and prognostic biomarkers with severity of anaemia in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Patients and Methods: Single centre, observational cross sectional study of 42 eyes of 42 patients with DME and DKD. …”
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Purtscher-Like Retinopathy by Rita Massa, Carolina Vale, Mafalda Macedo, Maria João Furtado, Miguel Gomes, Miguel Lume, Angelina Meireles

“…The ophthalmologic evaluation revealed the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/32 in the right eye (RE) and of 20/40 in the left eye (LE); biomicroscopy of anterior segment showed scleral icterus and fundoscopy revealed peripapillary cotton-wool spots, optic disc edema, and RPE hypo- and hyperpigmentation in the middle peripheral retina in both eyes with an intraretinal hemorrhage in the LE. 15 months after the initial presentation, without ophthalmological treatment, there was an improvement of BCVA to 20/20 in both eyes and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed areas of reduction of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness corresponding to the previous cotton-wool spots. …”
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A Combination of Surgical Techniques to Repair a Giant Traumatic Macular Hole by Soon Wai Ch’ng, Ibrahim Elaraoud, David Karl, Dimitrios Kalogeropoulos, Rynn Lee, Elisa Carreras

“…The silicone oil was removed six months after the surgery and the FTMH remained close with the retina remaining attached. His BCVA was restored to his previous baseline level of 1/60 Snellen vision. …”
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Multimodality Image Analysis in a Cohort of Patients with Atypical Juvenile Ocular Toxocariasis by Xiaohong Guo, Hui Liu, Manli Li, Ke Fan, Shuyin Li, Bo Lei

“…On FFA, seven of these patients (77.8%) showed leakage of fluorescein in the small- and medium-branch veins of the retina, and a “bristle-like” change indicated increased permeability of the vessels. …”
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Revealing speckle obscured living human retinal cells with artificial intelligence assisted adaptive optics optical coherence tomography by Vineeta Das, Furu Zhang, Andrew J. Bower, Joanne Li, Tao Liu, Nancy Aguilera, Bruno Alvisio, Zhuolin Liu, Daniel X. Hammer, Johnny Tam

“…Abstract Background In vivo imaging of the human retina using adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) has transformed medical imaging by enabling visualization of 3D retinal structures at cellular-scale resolution, including the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which are essential for maintaining visual function. …”
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Optic nerve head changes in acute central serous chorioretinopathy: Implications for glaucoma risk by Esma Ecem Ersoy, Ebubekir Durmuş

“…Objective: Imaging techniques have demonstrated changes in the choroid and retina in acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), but the effects on the optic nerve head (ONH) remain unclear. …”
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Short Pulse Epiretinal Stimulation Allows Focal Activation of Retinal Ganglion Cells by Laurin X. Koppenwallner, Gunther Zeck, Paul Werginz

“…We determined thresholds for pulses ranging between 10 and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$500\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>s in retinal ganglion cells of both wild-type and photoreceptor-degenerated mouse retina. Ex-vivo stimulation using biphasic rectangular pulses was performed using a custom-built modified Howland-type current-controlled stimulator and a microelectrode. …”
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Quantitative Changes in Vascular and Neural Fibers Induced by Subretinal Fluid Excluding the Peripapillary Region in Patients with Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy by Esra Kızıldağ Özbay, Şenol Sabancı, Mehmet Fatih Küçük, Muhammet Kazım Erol

“…<b>Conclusions:</b> Chronic SRF in CSCR patients, even when not involving the peripapillary region, leads to significant structural changes in both the neural and vascular components of the retina. These findings suggest that SRF contributes to broader retinal alterations and supports the need for early detection and management of CSCR to prevent long-term visual impairment.…”
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Promiscuous Chemokine Antagonist (BKT130) Suppresses Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization by Inhibition of Monocyte Recruitment by Shira Hagbi-Levi, Michal Abraham, Liran Tiosano, Batya Rinsky, Michelle Grunin, Orly Eizenberg, Amnon Peled, Itay Chowers

“…Quantification of CD11b+ cell in the CNV area was performed, and mRNA levels of genes implicated in CNV growth were measured in the retina and RPE-choroid. Results. BKT130 reduced the CNV area and recruitment of CD11b+ cells by 30-35%. …”
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Comparative Study of Conventional Inverted ILM Flap Covering and ILM Flap Filling Technique in Idiopathic Macular Hole Treatment: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review by Mengying Tao, Guoqing Wang, Yueqin Gou, Ming Zhang

“…The inverted ILM flap covering technique was associated with the superior reconstitution of outer layers of the retina, including ELM and EZ, and more improvement in postoperative BCVA than the ILM flap filling technique.…”
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Long-Term Anatomic and Functional Outcomes after Macular Hole Surgery by Karolina Kaźmierczak, Joanna Stafiej, Joanna Stachura, Paweł Żuchowski, Grażyna Malukiewicz

“…After a successful closing of the MH, the restoration of the retina progresses at a slower pace than improvement in visual acuity.…”
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Clinical Evaluation of Faricimab in Real-World Diabetic Macular Edema in India- A Multicenter Observational Study by Chakraborty D, Das S, Maiti A, Sinha TK, Das A, Sheth J, Boral SK, Mondal S, Nandi K

“…Debdulal Chakraborty,1 Sudipta Das,2 Aniruddha Maiti,3 Tushar Kanti Sinha,1 Arnab Das,1 Jay Sheth,4 Subhendu Kumar Boral,1 Soumen Mondal,1 Krishnendu Nandi2 1Disha Eye Hospitals, Kolkata, India; 2Nethralayam Superspeciality Eye Care, Kolkata, India; 3Global Eye Hospitals, Kolkata, India; 4Department of Retina Services, Shantilal Shanghvi Eye Institute (SSEI), Mumbai, IndiaCorrespondence: Debdulal Chakraborty, Department of Vitreo-retinal Services, Disha Eye Hospitals, 88 Ghosh Para Road Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700120, India, Tel +91 33 6636 0000, Email devdc@rediffmail.comPurpose: To evaluate the efficacy of faricimab in real-world clinical settings in India for treating diabetic macular edema (DME) in treatment-naïve and recalcitrant eyes.Patients and Methods: This retrospective study involved 39 eyes (16 treatment-naive and 23 recalcitrant) treated with intravitreal faricimab at four centers in India. …”
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The Microbiota Determines Susceptibility to Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis by Jarmila Heissigerova, Petra Seidler Stangova, Aneta Klimova, Petra Svozilkova, Tomas Hrncir, Renata Stepankova, Miloslav Kverka, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, John V. Forrester

“…GF mice had lower numbers of infiltrating macrophages and significantly less T cell infiltration in the retina than CV mice with EAU. GF mice also had reduced numbers of IFN-γ and IL-17-producing T cells and increased numbers of regulatory T cells in the eye-draining lymph nodes. …”
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Diacerein Inhibits Myopia Progression through Lowering Inflammation in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell by Peng-Tai Tien, Chia-Hung Lin, Chih-Sheng Chen, Ching-Yao Chang, Hsiangyu Ku, Dekang Gan, Yi-Yu Tsai, Jamie Jiin-Yi Chen, Hui-Ju Lin, Lei Wan

“…Furthermore, we determined the level of transforming growth factor-beta- (TGF-) β1, matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2, type I collagen, interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein- (MCP-) 1 in the retina. Atropine and diacerein suppressed levels of the myopia-related TGF-β1 and MMP-2 while increasing type I collagen expression. …”
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The Effect of Corneal Refractive Power Area Changes on Myopia Progression during Orthokeratology by Minfeng Chen, Xinting Liu, Zhu Xie, Pengqi Wang, Miaoran Zheng, Xinjie Mao

“…This area might be formed by lens decentration to provide an additional myopia-defocusing influence on the retina to achieve better myopia control.…”
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Long-Term Observations of Thickness Changes of Each Retinal Layer following Macular Hole Surgery by Atsushi Tada, Shigeki Machida, Yuji Hara, Satoshi Ebihara, Masahiko Ishizuka, Mana Gonmori

“…The ILM peeling does not affect only the thickness of the inner retina but also the middle and outer retinae in the parafoveal region. …”
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Analysis of Changes in Retinal Thickness in Type 2 Diabetes without Diabetic Retinopathy by Jing Jiang, Yan Liu, Yingchao Chen, Bo Ma, Yiwen Qian, Zhenzhen Zhang, Dongqing Zhu, Zhiliang Wang, Xiaofang Xu

“…Subtle structural changes in the retina may occur in diabetes without DR. Decreased retinal thickness appeared to begin in the fovea and temporal areas. …”
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Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Ocular Hypertension-Induced Retinal Neuroinflammation via Toll-Like Receptor 4 Pathway by Shangli Ji, Jie Xiao, Jian Liu, Shibo Tang

“…OCT showed that the intravitreal transplantation of hUC-MSCs significantly increased the inner thickness of the retina. A TUNEL assay and the expression of Bax suggested that the apoptosis of retinal cells was decreased by hUC-MSCs 14 days following transplantation. …”
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Derivation and Characterization of Isogenic <i>OPA1</i> Mutant and Control Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines by Katherine A. Pohl, Xiangmei Zhang, Johnny Jeonghyun Ji, Linsey Stiles, Alfredo A. Sadun, Xian-Jie Yang

“…Although <i>OPA1</i> is broadly expressed, human <i>OPA1</i> mutations predominantly affect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that are responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. Due to the scarcity of human RGCs, DOA has not been studied in depth using the disease affected neurons. …”
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