Pharmaceutical approaches for COVID-19: An update on current therapeutic opportunities by Fan Sijia, Wang Hongling, Wu Dean, Liu Lu

“…Various natural compounds such as sarsapogenin, lycorine, biscoclaurine, vitamin B12, glycyrrhizic acid, riboflavin, resveratrol and kaempferol, various vaccines and drugs such as AZD1222, mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Sputnik V, and remdesivir, lopinavir, favipiravir, darunavir, oseltamivir, and umifenovir, resp., have been discussed comprehensively. …”
Get full text

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Biotherapeutics and Chemotherapeutics: An Insight into Product Specifications and Marketing Dynamics by Vijay Kotra, Dinakar Mallem, Anil Kumar Kanuri, Mahesh Reddy Burra, Shaik Nyamathullah, Looi Shu Ying, Khairul Anwar Husain, Ravi Varala, Madhadevi Sudhakar, Khang Wen Goh, Toong Hai Sam, Long Chiau Ming

“…There are several chemotherapeutics that have been studied for the treatment of COVID-19, including Paxlovid (Nirmatrelvir & Ritonavir) fixed dose combination, nirmatrelvir and ritonavir fixed dose combination, Remdesivir (Vekulary/Covifor) fixed dose combination, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, molnupiravir, favipiravir, Infliximab (Remsima®) fixed dose combination tocilizumab (Actimera), casirivimab+imdevimab (Ronapreve) fixed dose combination, ivermectin, methylprednisole. …”
Get full text

The Comparison of Clinical Epidemiology of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 during the Third and Fourth Waves of the Pandemic in Gorgan by Samira Eshghinia, Rahmat Allah Sharifi Far, Naghimeh Hajimoradloo, Ali Sinesepehr, Ahmad Sohrsbi, Mousa Imeri, Amir Reza Khodanazar Kalti, Erfan Rezaie Shirazi, Roghieh Golsha

“…The drugs administered most in these two waves were remdesivir, dexamethasone, and heparin, and the patients who received these drugs were compared in the third and fourth waves (P = 0.001). …”
Get full text

Improving clinical care of patients in Nipah outbreaks: moving beyond ‘compassionate use’ by Md Zakiul Hassan, Amanda Rojek, Piero Olliaro, Peter Horby

“…Current care relies on supportive measures and the ‘compassionate use’ of unapproved drugs like ribavirin and remdesivir. Drugs used ‘off-label’ during outbreaks can become the ‘standard of care’ without robust evidence of their safety or efficacy, complicating the testing of new therapies and perpetuating uncertainty about their true effectiveness. …”
Get full text

A Retrospective Claims Data Analysis on the Burden of COVID-19-Related Hospitalization in Adults at High Risk for Severe Disease Progression in Germany by Timotheus Stremel, Svitlana Schnaidt, Nicole Bihrer, Emma Fröling, Christian Jacob, Agnes Kisser

“…Individuals at high risk for severe COVID-19 progression, primarily hospitalized for COVID-19, required a recorded diagnosis for COVID-19 and additionally a diagnosis of sepsis, pulmonary embolism, acute respiratory failure, pneumonia, or a remdesivir prescription. Patients were grouped by eligibility for NMV/r treatment (eligible, eligible with restrictions, and not eligible). …”
Get full text

A Case Report of Bowel Perforation in a Gravid COVID-19 Patient by A. T. Guiritan, J. G. Cataluña

“…Patient was eventually intubated and was given a total of two doses of tocilizumab, adequate antibiotic treatment, remdesivir, and dexamethasone. An emergency repeat cesarean section was performed due to maternal deterioration and poor variability of the fetus. …”
Get full text

Metformin in COVID-19: a magical role beyond the hyperglycemia by Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Rahul Dilawari, Radheshyam Modanwal, Sharmila Talukdar, Asmita Dhiman, Manoj Raje

“…To date, there have been myriad reports ranging from the repurposing of the classical antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine to several other antiviral and anti-bacterial agents like remdesivir, favipiravir, and most recently azithromycin, which has entered clinical use in many countries for combating COVID-19 infections. …”
Get full text

Risiko Perdarahan Saluran Cerna pada Pasien COVID-19 berdasarkan Jenis Obat Antivirus di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. M. Djamil Padang by Arnelis Arnelis, Saptino Miro, Nasrul Zubir, Vesri Yoga, Andry Kurniawan, Alexander Kam, Abdul Alim Rahimi, Jersivindo Ranazeri, R. Ifan Arief Fahrurozi

“…Results: 30 patients were involved in this study. 43,3% COVID-19 Moderate stage and 56,7% Severe stage. 63,3% were treated with remdesivir and 36,7% were treated with favipiravir. …”
Get full text

Phytochemicals for mitigating the COVID-19 crisis: evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies by Atri Das, Swarnali Khan, Syamal Roy, Shantanabha Das

“…Therapeutic options have mostly utilized corticosteroids, antivirals (e.g., remdesivir), and monoclonal antibody-based immunomodulation (e.g., tocilizumab). …”
Get full text

Lopinavir and Ritonavir have High Affinity Toward the SARS-CoV-2 S-protein Receptor-binding Domain Sequenced in Brazil by Aline Diogo Marinho, Helyson Lucas Bezerra Braz, João Alison de Moraes Silveira, Danilo Galvão Rocha, Roberta Jeane Bezerra Jorge, Geanne Matos de Andrade

“…Methods: In this study, we employed in silico docking models to investigate the molecular interactions between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein, derived from the Brazilian genome sequence, and seven clinically approved drugs: umifenovir, darunavir, lopinavir, ritonavir, remdesivir, pirfenidone, and oseltamivir. The three-dimensional structure of the Omicron RBD model was generated through homology modeling, and potential active site cavities were predicted within the RBD structure. …”
Get full text

Subcutaneous sarilumab for the treatment of hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID19 disease: A pragmatic, embedded randomized clinical trial. by Westyn Branch-Elliman, Ryan Ferguson, Gheorghe Doros, Patricia Woods, Sarah Leatherman, Judith Strymish, Rupak Datta, Rekha Goswami, Matthew D Jankowich, Nishant R Shah, Thomas H Taylor, Sarah T Page, Sara J Schiller, Colleen Shannon, Cynthia Hau, Maura Flynn, Erika Holmberg, Karen Visnaw, Rupali Dhond, Mary Brophy, Paul A Monach

“…This occurred in 5/20 and 1/30 of participants in the sarilumab and SOC arms respectively, with the majority occurring in the initial 9 participants (3/4 in the sarilumab and 1/5 in the SOC) before the sarilumab dose was increased to 400 mg and before remdesivir and dexamethasone were widely adopted. After interim review, the unblinded Data Monitoring Committee recommended that the study be stopped due to concern for safety: a high probability that rates of intubation or death were higher with addition of sarilumab to SOC (92.6%), and a very low probability (3.4%) that sarilumab would be found to be superior.…”
Get full text

The Use of Mebendazole in COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Retrospective Single Center Study by Mostafa W. Galal, Mahmoud Ahmed, Yanqiu Shao, Chao Xing, Wael Ali, Abd Elhamid Baly, Abdallah Elfiky, Khaled Amer, John Schoggins, Hesham A. Sadek, Zeinab N. Gobara

“…Patients received standard-of-care treatment including remdesivir, dexamethasone, and anticoagulants as deemed necessary by the treating physician. …”
Get full text

Comparative-effectiveness research of COVID-19 treatment: a rapid scoping review by Sharon E Straus, Jesmin Antony, Andrea C Tricco, Rachel Warren, Erin Macdonald, Ba Pham, Milan Patel, Fatemeh Yazdi, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Marco Ghassemi, Patricia Rios, Chantal Williams, Naveeta Ramkissoon, Matthew P Muller, Nazia Darvesh, Gordon V Cormack, Maura R Grossman, Melissa Kampman, Reid Robson

“…The most common treatments evaluated in systematic reviews were hydroxychloroquine (11%), remdesivir (8%), tocilizumab (7%) and steroids (7%).The evaluated treatment was in favour 50% and 36% of the evaluations, according to the conclusion of the authors of primary studies and evidence syntheses, respectively.Conclusions This rapid scoping review characterised a growing body of comparative-effectiveness primary studies and evidence syntheses. …”
Get full text

Optimization of a micro-scale air–liquid-interface model of human proximal airway epithelium for moderate throughput drug screening for SARS-CoV-2 by Chandani Sen, Tammy M. Rickabaugh, Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran, Constance Yuen, Maisam Ghannam, Abdo Durra, Adam Aziz, Kristen Castillo, Gustavo Garcia, Arunima Purkayastha, Brandon Han, Felix W. Boulton, Eugene Chekler, Robert Garces, Karen C. Wolff, Laura Riva, Melanie G. Kirkpatrick, Amal Gebara-Lamb, Case W. McNamara, Ulrich A. K. Betz, Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami, Robert Damoiseaux, Brigitte N. Gomperts

“…While there were heterogeneous responses across variants for host factor targeting compounds, the two direct-acting antivirals we tested, Remdesivir and Paxlovid, showed consistent efficacy in reducing infection across all variants and donors. …”
Get full text