The role of the corticotropin-releasing hormone and its receptors in the regulation of stress response by E. V. Sukhareva

“…The activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) by neurons of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN), the primary site of synthesis CRH, triggers stress reactions. …”
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Resistant stomach ulcer at Cushing disease: clinical case by N. V. Novozhilov, Yu. O. Shulpekoa, S. V. Mironov, Ye. K. Baranskaya, A. A. Sheptulin, V. T. Ivashkin

“…During the further investigation: low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, magnetic-resonance tomography (MRI) and computer tomography (CT) of the brain and abdominal cavity data, favoring the Cushing disease (ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma), was obtained. Pathogenesis of chronic stomach ulcer is complex: effect of H.pylori infection, drugs (NSAID, steroids) and hypercorticoidism. …”
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Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women Heterozygous for the C282Y HFE Mutation by Jenny E. Gunton, Frances Gates, Greg R. Fulcher, Phillip B. Clifton-Bligh

“…With homozygous mutation C282Y, the increase in serum ferritin may be associated with tissue damage in the liver, pancreas, and pituitary and with a reduced bone mineral density. …”
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Inside the impulsive brain: a narrative review on the role of neurobiological, hormonal and genetic factors influencing impulsivity in psychiatric disorders by Hannah Raji, Susha Dinesh, Sameer Sharma

“…Hormones, such as leptin and ghrelin, in conjunction with the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, play pivotal roles in conditions like major depressive disorder. …”
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Relationship between Thyroid Hormone Levels and Crime Type: A Controlled Study in Prisoners by Hasan Acar, Ayse Ulgen

“…This indicates changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis that cause long-term changes in aggressive behaviour, especially in criminals. …”
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The role of KNDy neurons in human reproductive health by Aki Oride, Haruhiko Kanasaki

“…Since then, studies in mice and other animals have revealed that kisspeptin is located at the apex of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and regulates reproductive functions by modulating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). …”
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Three-Dimensional Organoid System Transplantation Technologies in Future Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases by NaiLi Wei, ZiFang Quan, Hailiang Tang, JianHong Zhu

“…In recent years, scientists have made great achievements in understanding the development of human brain and elucidating critical elements of stepwise spatiotemporal control strategies in neural stem cell specification lineage, which facilitates successful induction of neural organoid in vitro including the cerebral cortex, cerebellar, neural tube, hippocampus cortex, pituitary, and optic cup. Besides, emerging researches on neural organogenesis promote the application of 3D organoid system transplantation in treating central nervous system (CNS) diseases. …”
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Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome: A 15-Year Experience from Thailand by Wasita Warachit Parksook, Nitchakarn Laichuthai, Sarat Sunthornyothin

“…An initial remission rate after transsphenoidal surgeries in CD was 62%, with higher rates in pituitary microadenomas compared to macroadenomas. …”
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Sex differences in the murine HPA axis after acute and repeated restraint stress by Isabella Flor Nalepa, Vibeke Nielsen, Tanja Esther Wolf, Chadi Touma, Morten Grupe, Ayodeji A. Asuni, Cecilia Ratner

“…Aberrant activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been linked to the development of MDD and several animal models of MDD have been established based on HPA axis dysregulation. …”
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Psychological Stress and the Cutaneous Immune Response: Roles of the HPA Axis and the Sympathetic Nervous System in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis by Jessica M. F. Hall, desAnges Cruser, Alan Podawiltz, Diana I. Mummert, Harlan Jones, Mark E. Mummert

“…Stress signals activate the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system. …”
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Variability of anti-Müllerian hormone and folliculotropic hormone levels in women of reproductive age in relation to normal or impaired ovarian function by Małgorzata Jusiakowska-Piputa, Maria Kaczmarek

“…FSH is a standard marker of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. We examined the reproductive status of 390 women aged 23–46 years in three groups. …”
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Development of a Novel Algorithm to Identify People with High Likelihood of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency in a US Healthcare Claims Database by Kevin C. J. Yuen, Anna Camilla Birkegard, Lewis S. Blevins, David R. Clemmons, Andrew R. Hoffman, Nicky Kelepouris, Janice M. Kerr, Jens M. Tarp, Maria Fleseriu

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Role of Ketamine in the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders by Sahar Derakhshanian, Maxine Zhou, Alexander Rath, Rachel Barlow, Sarah Bertrand, Caroline DeGraw, Christopher Lee, Jamal Hasoon, Alan D. Kaye

“…Additional evidence suggests dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary (HPA) axis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), vitamin D levels, and involvement of pro-inflammatory markers. …”
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A Challenging Case of an Ectopic Cushing Syndrome by Joana Menezes Nunes, Elika Pinho, Isabel Camões, João Maciel, Pedro Cabral Bastos, Conceição Souto de Moura, Paulo Bettencourt

“…Blood hormone analysis showed increased levels of ACTH and urinary free cortisol and nonsuppressibility to high- and low-dose dexamethasone tests. Pituitary MRI showed no lesion and no central-to-peripheral ACTH gradient was present in bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling. …”
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Beta-Thalassemia Major and Female Fertility: The Role of Iron and Iron-Induced Oxidative Stress by Paraskevi Roussou, Nikolaos J. Tsagarakis, Dimitrios Kountouras, Sarantis Livadas, Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis

“…Infertility in these women seems to be attributed to iron deposition and iron-induced oxidative stress (OS) in various endocrine organs, such as hypothalamus, pituitary, and female reproductive system, but also through the iron effect on other organs, such as liver and pancreas, contributing to the impaired metabolism of hormones and serum antioxidants. …”
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Arrested Puberty in an Adolescent Male with Anorexia Nervosa Successfully Resumed with Multidisciplinary Care by Diana Simão Raimundo, Carolina Figueiredo, Ana Raposo, Bernardo Dias Pereira

“…The recognition of this rare condition in males allows a personalized approach to disordered puberty, with resumption of normal function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and achievement of pubertal milestones.…”
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A Systematic Literature Review and Indirect Treatment Comparison of Efficacy of Repository Corticotropin Injection versus Synthetic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone for Infantile Spasms by Michael S. Duchowny, Ishveen Chopra, John Niewoehner, George J. Wan, Beth Devine

“…RCI is a naturally-sourced complex mixture of purified ACTH analogs and other pituitary peptides approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as a monotherapy for the treatment of infantile spasms. …”
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FBP1 Is an Interacting Partner of Menin by Shadia Zaman, Karen Sukhodolets, Patricia Wang, Jun Qin, David Levens, Sunita K. Agarwal, Stephen J. Marx

“…Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a syndrome characterized by tumors in multiple endocrine tissues such as the parathyroid glands, the pituitary gland, and the enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tissues. …”
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Differential diagnosis of rheumatic manifestations of acromegaly. Case report by Margarita A. Perepelova, Larisa K. Dzeranova, Taras S. Panevin, Elena G. Przhiyalkovskaya, Ekaterina A. Pigarova, Ekaterina A. Troshina, Evgeniy G. Zotkin

“…Excess growth hormone (in the vast majority of cases caused by hormone-producing pituitary adenoma – somatotropinoma), insulin-like growth factor leads to cellular, and tissue growth of almost all organs and systems, including the osteoarticular apparatus. …”
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Quercetin attenuates cisplatin-induced fatigue through mechanisms associated with the regulation of the HPA axis and MCP-1 signaling by Cheng-Hung Chuang, Yu-An Tai, Ting-Jing Wu, Ying-Jui Ho, Shu-Lan Yeh, Shu-Lan Yeh

“…The main objective of the present study was to investigate whether quercetin regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) signaling, two factors contributing to CRF in mice exposed to cisplatin.MethodsMale BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to the following five groups for 15 weeks: Control, CDDP, CDDP+TAK779 (an antagonist of MCP-1 receptor, human CC chemokine receptor R2 (CCR2)), CDDP+OQ (a diet containing 1% quercetin) and CDDP+IQ (quercetin given by ip, 10 mg/kg, 3 times/week).ResultsThe results first showed that OQ and IQ significantly increased grip strength and locomotor activity, decreased plasma cortisol/corticosterone levels, and decreased the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA level in the brain tissues in mice exposed to CDDP. …”
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