Comparative Pitching Biomechanics Among Adolescent Baseball Athletes: Are There Fundamental Differences Between Pitchers and Non-pitchers? by Garrett Bullock, Tessa C Hulburt, Gary Collins, Brian R Waterman, Kristen F Nicholson

“…Pitchers threw 2 m/s faster and produced greater trunk rotation velocity (ES: 0.71 (95% CI: 0.39, 1.30, p\<0.0001) than non-pitchers. …”
Get full text

Preseason Workload in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers by Bennett Tabaracci, Shraddha Sudhir, Matthew Gauthier, Lindsay Hannigan

“… # Study Design Descriptive Epidemiology Study # Methods Nine baseball pitchers wore an inertial measurement unit on the forearm during all preseason training. …”
Get full text

Reliability of an Observational Biomechanical Analysis Tool in Adolescent Baseball Pitchers by Steven F DeFroda, Dai Sugimoto, Steven J Staffa, Donald S Bae, Ellen Shanley, Charles A Thigpen, Peter K Kriz

“…While 3-dimensional (3D) motion analysis remains the gold standard for evaluation, most pitchers and clinicians do not have access to this costly technology. …”
Get full text

Athletic Shoulder Test Differences Exist Bilaterally in Healthy Pitchers by Aaron Trunt, Brandon T. Fisher, Lisa N. MacFadden

“… # Results Thirty-five healthy pitchers participated in the study (19.7 ± 1.8 years). …”
Get full text

Development of an Injury Burden Prediction Model in Professional Baseball Pitchers by Garrett Bullock, Charles Thigpen, Gary Collins, Nigel Arden, Thomas Noonan, Michael Kissenberth, Ellen Shanley

“… # Study Design Prospective longitudinal study # Methods The study was conducted from 2013 to 2019 on MiLB pitchers. Pitchers were evaluated in spring training arm for shoulder range of motion and injuries were followed throughout the season. …”
Get full text

A Comparison of Pitching Biomechanics and Sport Specialization in High School Pitchers by Tyler J. Hamer, Adam B. Rosen, Samuel J. Wilkins, Kristen F. Nicholson, Garrett S. Bullock, Brian A. Knarr

“… # Hypotheses/Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in pitching volume and biomechanics between low-, moderate-, and high-level specialized baseball pitchers. It was hypothesized that high-level specialized pitchers would have the most pitching volume within the current and previous years while low-level specialized pitchers would exhibit the least amount. …”
Get full text

Evaluation and Treatment of Baseball Pitchers: There’s More to Assess than the Arm by Matthew L Gauthier, Casey A Unverzagt, George J Davies

Get full text

An Interval Throwing Program for Baseball Pitchers Based upon Workload Data by Michael M. Reinold, Brittany Dowling, Glenn S. Fleisig, Leonard C. Macrina, Kevin E. Wilk, John T. Streepy, James R. Andrews

“…# Background Interval throwing programs (ITP) have been used for decades to enable baseball pitchers to return to competition after injury or surgery by gradually applying load to the throwing arm. …”
Get full text

Asymptomatic female softball pitchers have altered hip morphology and cartilage composition by Stuart J. Warden, Sally L. Coburn, Robyn K. Fuchs, Rachel K. Surowiec, Julio Carballido-Gamio, Joanne L. Kemp, Peter K. Jalaie, David F. Hanff, Antony J. R. Palmer, Scott J. Fernquest, Kay M. Crossley, Joshua J. Heerey

“…Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess cartilage relaxation times in a second cohort of pitchers (‘Pitch2’, n = 10) and non-athletic controls (‘Con’, n = 4). …”
Get full text

Biomechanical Basis of Interval Throwing Programs for Baseball Pitchers: A Systematic Review by Travis Dias, Benjamin G. Lerch, Jonathan S. Slowik, Kevin E. Wilk, James R. Andrews, E. Lyle Cain, Glenn S. Fleisig

“…If the athlete is a baseball pitcher, the flat-ground throwing phase is followed by pitching on a mound at progressively increased effort. …”
Get full text

Biologic Augmentation of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament in the Elbow of a Professional Baseball Pitcher by James K. Hoffman, Nicole M. Protzman, Amit D. Malhotra

“…Therefore, the purpose of the present report was to examine the feasibility of utilizing a dermal allograft, PRP, and MSC construct to augment UCL reconstruction in a professional baseball pitcher. No complications were encountered. Although limited to minimal follow-up, the patient has demonstrated excellent progress and has returned to activity.…”
Get full text

Measuring the Average Peak Timing of Kinematic Variables in Youth and Adolescent Baseball Pitchers by Mark Boland, Daniel Zambanini, Ivan Mulligan, Sean Donegan

“… # Purpose To determine whether youth and adolescent baseball pitchers will experience peaks in certain kinematic variables at different times throughout the pitching cycle compared to professional/collegiate pitchers…”
Get full text

Machine Learning Does Not Improve Humeral Torsion Prediction Compared to Regression in Baseball Pitchers by Garrett S Bullock, Charles A Thigpen, Gary S Collins, Nigel K Arden, Thomas K Noonan, Michael J Kissenberth, Ellen Shanley

“… # Results Four hundred and seven pitchers (Age: 23.2 +/-2.4 years, body mass index: 25.1 +/-2.3 km/m^2^, Left-Handed: 17%) participated. …”
Get full text

Heavy metal elimination from industrial wastewater using natural substrate on pitcher irrigation by Negar Nourmahnad, Kamran Asgari, Najmeh Samadi

“…For this purpose, an experiment was conducted with three treatments [clay pitcher included natural zeolite Clinoptilolite (NZ), perlite (P) and vermiculite (V)] which filled half of the volume of a clay pitcher with five replications for each treatments. …”
Get full text

Comparison of OnBaseU Tests with Biomechanical Motion Analysis in Youth Baseball Pitchers by Tessa Hulburt, Taylor Catalano, Kristen F. Nicholson

“…# Background The OnBaseU screen was developed to evaluate a baseball pitcher’s ability to perform movement patterns key to pitching. …”
Get full text

Clinical Diagnosis of Scapular Dyskinesis in a Youth Softball Pitcher: A Case Report by Connor Skoumal, Matt Dewald

“…# Introduction Effective rehabilitation strategies for upper extremity injuries in softball pitchers are scarce in current literature, especially among youth athletes. …”
Get full text

Periscapular Strength Profile Changes in Collegiate Baseball Pitchers Over the Course of a Season by Patrick S Pabian, Victoria Roach, Roselin Howard, Lauren Johnston, Ryan McGuire

“… # Conclusion Periscapular muscles in baseball pitchers diminish in strength over the course of a collegiate baseball season. …”
Get full text

Association Between Passive Hip Range of Motion and Pitching Kinematics in High School Baseball Pitchers by Hillary A. Plummer, Nicole M. Bordelon, Kyle W. Wasserberger, Tyler J. Opitz, Adam W. Anz, Gretchen D. Oliver

“… # Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the association of hip rotational PROM with pelvis and trunk rotation during pitching in high school baseball pitchers. Study Design: Cross-sectional. # Methods Twenty-five healthy high school baseball pitchers volunteered (15.9 ± 1.1 years; 180.4 ± 5.5 cm; 75.4 ± 9.3 kg). …”
Get full text

Workload Comparison of Contemporary Interval Throwing Programs and a Novel Optimized Program for Baseball Pitchers by Brittany Dowling, Christopher M Brusalis, John T Streepy, Alexander Hodakowski, Patrick J Pauley, Dave Heidloff, Grant E Garrigues, Nikhil N Verma, Glenn S Fleisig

“…# Background In the rehabilitation of injured baseball pitchers, there is lack of consensus on how to guide a player back to pitching. …”
Get full text

Grip Strength Measurement in Baseball Pitchers: A Clinical Examination to Indicate Stride Length Inefficiency by Ryan Crotin, Dan Ramsey

“… # Hypothesis/Purpose To examine the relationship between clinical measures of grip strength and altered stride length in baseball pitchers. It is believed that shorter stride lengths would reduce grip strength in baseball pitchers…”
Get full text