Impulse Noise: Can Hitting a Softball Harm Your Hearing? by Korrine Cook, Samuel R. Atcherson

“…Peak sound pressure level measurements and spectral analyses were conducted for three controlled softball pitches to a batting participant using each of the different bat materials in an unused outdoor playing field with regulation distances between the pitcher’s mound and batter’s box. The results revealed that highest recorded peak sound pressure level was recorded from the aluminum (124.6 dBC) bat followed by the composite (121.2 dBC) and wooden (120.0 dBC) bats. …”
Get full text

Youth Baseball Caregiver Understanding of Safe Pitching Guidelines and Player Injury by Christian Reintgen, Giorgio Zeppieri Jr, Michelle Bruner, MaryBeth Horodyski, Andrew Waligora, M Seth Smith, Kevin W Farmer

“… # Methods A twenty-two question survey comprised of demographic data, knowledge of overhead throwing guidelines, pitching history, presence of risk factors associated with overhead throwing and pitching habits was distributed to the caregivers of youth baseball pitchers in North Central Florida. # Results Eighty-three percent (81/98) of those polled were unaware of the existence of safe pitching guidelines, regardless of the pitcher’s playing experience (p > 0.05). …”
Get full text

Paneth Cells: Dispensable yet Irreplaceable for the Intestinal Stem Cell NicheSummary by Michaela Quintero, Linda C. Samuelson

Get full text

The temporal structure of multiple visuomotor processes in baseball batting: insights from a virtual reality system by Naoki Saijo, Takehiro Fukuda, Makio Kashino

“…The VR system simulated a mixed sequence of fastballs and breaking balls in which participants were instructed to swing at strikes or take at balls, thus mimicking a real pitcher-batter scenario. The sequence also included pitches where the ball became occluded midway, requiring the participants to maintain accurate swings. …”
Get full text

Can the Scapular Dyskinesis Test be Associated with Throwing Related Injuries During the Course of Collegiate Baseball Seasons? by Masaaki Tsuruike, Yohei Mukaihara, Todd S. Ellenbecker

“…# Background A pattern of scapular dyskinesis on the dominant side has been demonstrated to be associated with a decrease in throwing arm conditions identified by a self-report outcome assessment in collegiate baseball pitchers during the course of a single season. However, it is unclear if symptomatic shoulders in baseball pitchers may be associated with the presence of scapular dyskinesis…”
Get full text

Numerical modelling of rope elasticity for heave compensation lifting in offshore crane operations by Bassey Asanga, Akanimo Ekpenyong, Aniekan Ikpe

“…To overcome this, a hydro-mechanical approach encompassing the core constituents of the floating winch and lifting rig pitcher were modeled. This study deals with the numerical modelling of rope elasticity for heave compensation system in offshore floating crane for use in enhancing operation at Qua Iboe field. …”
Get full text

Cerebellar lipid dysregulation in SCA3: A comparative study in patients and mice by Alexandra F. Putka, Varshasnata Mohanty, Stephanie M. Cologna, Hayley S. McLoughlin

Get full text

Glenohumeral Instability and Arm Pain in Overhead Throwing Athletes: A Correlational Study by Max Wardell, Doug Creighton, Carter Kovalcik

“…. # Conclusion Pitchers with GH instability and hypermobility demonstrated significantly increased ratings of arm pain compared to pitchers with no capsular laxity…”
Get full text

Professional Baseball Player Type and Geographic Region of Origin Impacts Shoulder External and Internal Rotation Strength by Lori A. Michener, Adam J. Barrack, Bernard Y. Liebeskind, Ryan J. Zerega, Jonathan C. Sum, Ryan L. Crotin, Hillary A. Plummer

“…Position players have 14 – 20% higher ER and IR isometric strength than pitchers. Moreover, Latin American pitchers exhibited 11.8% greater ER strength and 16.7% greater IR strength as compared to North American pitchers. …”
Get full text

Does High Medial Elbow Stress During Pitching Compromise the Dynamic Stabilizers of The Elbow? by Malachy P. McHugh, Michael J. Mullaney

“…In a field study of college baseball pitchers, middle finger, ring finger and grip strength were tested prior to, immediately after, and one day after 14 pitching performances in 10 pitchers (21±2 yr). …”
Get full text

Unilateral baseball pitching: morphological and functional adaptations in the neck muscles by Leila Rahnama, Ceren Acik, Christine Dy, Stefan Keslacy

“…Pitchers exhibited higher neck extensor maximal voluntary contraction compared to controls (p = 0.017, ES = 0.926). …”
Get full text

Shoulder and Hip Range of Motion and Strength Changes Throughout a Season in College Softball Players by Cameron R Guy, Giorgio Zeppieri Jr., Michelle L Bruner, Katie Davis, Kevin W Farmer

“… # Conclusion Softball pitchers and position players both show increased ROM at the shoulder and decreased ROM at the hip over the course of a season. …”
Get full text

Hip Abduction Strength: Relationship to Trunk and Lower Extremity Motion During A Single-Leg Step-Down Task in Professional Baseball Players by M. Christopher Zipser, Hillary A Plummer, Nathan Kindstrand, Johnathan C Sum, Bernard Li, Lori A Michener

“…Also for pitchers on the trail leg, increased hip abduction torque weakly correlated with decreased pelvic drop (r= -0.28, p=0.021)…”
Get full text

Ulnar Collateral Ligament Hybrid Reconstruction Surgery & Rehabilitation in the Overhead Athlete by Keith M Meister, Daniel Evans, Kevin E Wilk, Christopher A Arrigo

“…Research indicates that 25% of MLB pitchers and 14% of Minor League pitchers have undergone UCL surgery, with these numbers steadily rising. …”
Get full text

Advancements for the Future: A National Survey of Fastpitch Softball Coaches’ Perspectives on Injury Prevention Programming by Jaime Nurrenbern, Courtney Klueppel, Jeff Tilly, Kyle Matsel

“…Although over 50% of coaches recognized arm fatigue/overuse (27.9%, n=48/172) and decreased core strength (22.7%, n=39/172) were important risk factors, 36% (n=94/172) "disagree" that softball pitchers should adhere to pitch counts and 90% (n=83/92) believe that preventative programming for pitchers and position players should be similar…”
Get full text

Comparison of Glenohumeral Range of Motion Deficits in Youth, Collegiate, and Professional Baseball Players by C. Luke Wilcox, Hillary A. Plummer, Roger V. Ostrander III

“…Conclusions: Range of motion alterations exist across ages and levels of competition with 12u and 14u players having less internal rotation than the older groups and youth pitchers having less total range of motion than HS1…”
Get full text

Movement System Dysfunction Applied to Youth and Young Adult Throwing Athletes by Ashley E. Disantis, RobRoy Martin

“…Shoulder and elbow injuries in overhead athletes, especially baseball pitchers, have become more common and result in limited participation. …”
Get full text

Identifying Risk Factors of Upper Extremity Injuries in Collegiate Baseball Players: A Pilot Study by Robert Slowik, Christopher Morris, Matthew Hoch, Timothy Uhl

“… # Methods Baseline preseason mobility, strength, endurance, and perception of function were measured in 17 collegiate baseball pitchers. Participants were then followed during the course of the season to collect rate of individual exposure, estimated pitch volume, and rating of perceived exertion in order to determine if changes in workload contributed to risk of injury using an Acute-to-Chronic Workload ratio (ACWR)…”
Get full text

Rehabilitation of an Upper Extremity Weight-Bearing Athlete with an Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injury: A Case Report by Annemieke D. Corbitt, William D. Bandy

“…# Background and Purpose Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury is a common elbow injury among overhead athletes, particularly baseball pitchers. However, limited research exists for non-throwing athletes, especially regarding rehabilitation. …”
Get full text

Shoulder Rotational Strength Profiles of Danish National Level Badminton Players by Martin B Stausholm, Martin Baun, Jan M Bjordal, Dorte Nielsen, Henrik Aagaard, S Peter Magnusson, Christian Couppé

“…# Background Increased age has been shown to be associated with weaker external rotators and stronger internal rotators of the shoulder in pitchers and tennis players. Whether this age-associated change is present in elite badminton players is unknown…”
Get full text