Leukotrienes in Atherosclerosis: New Target Insights and Future Therapy Perspectives by Graziano Riccioni, Alessandra Zanasi, Nicola Vitulano, Barbara Mancini, Nicolantonio D'Orazio

“…Atherosclerosis represents an important chronic inflammatory process associated with several pathophysiological reactions in the vascular wall. The arachidonic acid, released by phospholipase A2, is an important substrate for the production of a group of lipid mediators known as leukotrienes, which induce proinflammatory signaling through the activation of specific BLT and CysLT receptors. …”
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Application of Refill, Recoil, Rebound (3R) as a Novel Chest Compression Technique in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Report of Two Cases by Georgia Tsoungani, Sayed Nour

“…It seems that, 3R/CPR adapts the pathophysiological conditions of CA victims promoting a less traumatic return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), making it worthy of further investigation and study. …”
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MicroRNAs as Prognostic Biomarkers for Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation: Current Evidence and Future Directions by Emmanouil P. Vardas, Evangelos Oikonomou, Panos E. Vardas, Dimitris Tousoulis

“…Multiple miRNAs have been highlighted as potential biomarkers, which are involved in pathophysiological processes such as atrial remodeling, fibrosis, and inflammation. …”
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Ribociclib-induced vitiligo in a case of metastatic carcinoma of the breast by Abhira Deb, Manthan Dhingra, Srutee Barman, Thinakaran Raja, Abhra Ghosh

“…In breast cancer patients undergoing ribociclib therapy, though the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain under investigation, a possible hypothesis suggests that the development of vitiligo may signal an immune-mediated response, potentially reflecting the drug’s influence on immune modulation. …”
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Transient clitoromegaly in an extremely preterm twin infant with popliteal pterygium by Lavinia La Grasta Sabolić, Ana Kovačević, Lucija Ana Trtanj, Bernardica Valent Morić, Jasna Tumbri

“…Clitoromegaly can be congenital or acquired, and it is usually associated with exposure to androgen excess. Pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for transient clitoromegaly in premature female infants have not been fully elucidated. …”
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Fibromyalgia: do I tackle you with pharmacological treatments? by Serge Perrot

“…Other treatments are proposed according to pathophysiological mechanisms, especially central sensitization and abnormal pain modulation. …”
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Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux in Noncystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis by Annemarie L. Lee, Brenda M. Button, Linda Denehy, John W. Wilson

“…Increased acidic GOR is principally caused by gastro-oesophageal junction incompetence and may arise from lower oesophageal sphincter hypotension, including transient relaxations, hiatus hernia, and oesophageal dysmotility. Specific pathophysiological features which are characteristic of respiratory diseases including coughing may further increase the risk of GOR in bronchiectasis. …”
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New options for targeting TRPV1 receptors for cancer treatment: odorous Chinese herbal medicine by Minghui Zhang, Minghui Zhang, Zongao Wang, Zongao Wang, Shaojun Liu, Shaojun Liu, Yuxuan Li, Yuxuan Li, Yanting Gong, Yanting Gong, Min Liu, Min Liu

“…Vanilloid1 (TRPV1), a subfamily of transient receptor channels, is one of the non-selective calcium channels, which is a bridge between cellular response and extracellular environmental networks, and is involved in a variety of pathophysiological processes. It is also involved in the process of cancer occurrence and progression, and researchers are revealing its role in cancer. …”
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Interleukin-1 as a Common Denominator from Autoinflammatory to Autoimmune Disorders: Premises, Perils, and Perspectives by Giuseppe Lopalco, Luca Cantarini, Antonio Vitale, Florenzo Iannone, Maria Grazia Anelli, Laura Andreozzi, Giovanni Lapadula, Mauro Galeazzi, Donato Rigante

“…Due to clinical and pathophysiologic similarities giving a crucial role to the multifunctional cytokine interleukin-1, the concept of autoinflammation has been expanded to include nonhereditary collagen-like diseases, idiopathic inflammatory diseases, and metabolic diseases. …”
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PPARγ as a Potential Target to Treat Airway Mucus Hypersecretion in Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases by Yongchun Shen, Lei Chen, Tao Wang, Fuqiang Wen

“…Airway mucus hypersecretion (AMH) is a key pathophysiological feature of chronic airway inflammatory diseases such as bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. …”
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TNF Tolerance in Monocytes and Macrophages: Characteristics and Molecular Mechanisms by René Huber, Rolf Bikker, Bastian Welz, Martin Christmann, Korbinian Brand

“…In addition, the characteristics of cross-tolerance between TNF and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as well as pathophysiological aspects of TNF tolerance are discussed. …”
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An orally administered gold nanocluster with ROS scavenging for inflammatory bowel disease treatment by Fei Wang, Qianhui Li, Tingting Xu, Zhu Li, Yongxin Jiang, Yan Ma, Xiaohu Li, Wanni Wang, Haisheng Qian

“…Oxidative stress that is induced by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered to be a key pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and restoring redox homeostasis in the inflammatory region by eliminating ROS is an effective way to treat IBD. …”
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Consequences of Hyperoxia and the Toxicity of Oxygen in the Lung by William J. Mach, Amanda R. Thimmesch, J. Thomas Pierce, Janet D. Pierce

“…Oxygen is therapeutic for treatment of hypoxemia and hypoxia associated with many pathological processes. Pathophysiological processes are associated with increased levels of hyperoxia-induced reactive O2 species (ROS) which may readily react with surrounding biological tissues, damaging lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. …”
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Two Case Reports of Varicocele Rupture during Sexual Intercourse and Review of the Literature by Chalil Arif, Konstantinos Kotoulas, Chrysostomos Georgellis, Konstantinos Frigkas, Athanasios Bantis, Emmanouil Patris

“…Although different pathophysiological patterns have been proposed, there is no consensus in the urological society to date. …”
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The Brain-Heart Connection in Takotsubo Syndrome: The Central Nervous System, Sympathetic Nervous System, and Catecholamine Overload by Xiaopu Wang, Junyu Pei, Xinqun Hu

“…This review summarizes recent studies regarding SNS activation, catecholamine overload, and the brain-heart connection in patients with TTS from both pathophysiological and mechanistic aspects.…”
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Emerging Roles of Immune Cells in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Yue Liu, Yiqing Yin

“…Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), a long-lasting cognitive decline after surgery, is currently a major clinical problem with no clear pathophysiological mechanism or effective therapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in POCD. …”
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Quantitative assessment of brain metabolism in mice using non-contrast MRI at 11.7T by Xiuli Yang, Yuguo Li, Hanzhang Lu, Zhiliang Wei

“…The proposed method yields non-invasive, non-contrast quantitative measurements of global brain metabolism in approximately 20 min, paving the way for broader applications in future pathophysiological studies. • Non-invasive and non-contrast assessment of brain metabolism in mice. • Quantitative measurement of metabolic rate in approximately 20 min.…”
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Controversy About Management of Osteoarthritis with Disease-modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs by CUI Hanshu, LIU Bin

“…It leads to pain, stiffness, deformation and even disability in the patients, and increases the risk of comorbidities. As its pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood, it is hard to identify the specific targets of OA and standardize its pharmacological treatments. …”
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Life-Threatening Adenovirus Infections in the Setting of the Immunocompromised Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Patients by Cedar J. Fowler, Jennifer Dunlap, Darcy Troyer, Peter Stenzel, Elliot Epner, Richard T. Maziarz

“…In addition, the pathophysiological events, such as GVHD and hepatic dysfunction, may complicate the clinical picture and delay therapy of an opportunistic infection. …”
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INTESTINAL MICROBIOME - A LEADING FACTOR IN HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASES by E. Blum Hubert

“…Aim: to present the modern concept of physiological and pathophysiological impact of microbiome. Summary: Major advances in molecular and cell biology significantly improved our understanding of disease pathogenesis as well as in novel strategies for the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of human diseases. …”
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