Role of Astrocytic Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease Animal Models from a Molecular Signaling Perspective by Lucas Udovin, Cecilia Quarracino, María I. Herrera, Francisco Capani, Matilde Otero-Losada, Santiago Perez-Lloret

“…The evidence provided by neurotoxin-induced PD animal models guarantees further research on the neuroprotective potential of normalizing astrocyte function in PD.…”
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Astragalin: A Bioactive Phytochemical with Potential Therapeutic Activities by Ammara Riaz, Azhar Rasul, Ghulam Hussain, Muhammad Kashif Zahoor, Farhat Jabeen, Zinayyera Subhani, Tahira Younis, Muhammad Ali, Iqra Sarfraz, Zeliha Selamoglu

“…This multifaceted compound is well known for its diversified pharmacological applications such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antiobesity, antiosteoporotic, anticancer, antiulcer, and antidiabetic properties. …”
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Peripheral blood age-sensitive immune markers in multiple sclerosis: relation to sex, cytomegalovirus status, and treatmentResearch in context by Haritha Desu, Renaud Balthazard, Audrey Daigneault, Sandra Da Cal, Wendy Klément, Jennifer Yu, Marie-Laure Clénet, Clara Margarido, Annie Levert, Canisius Fantodji, Olivier Tastet, Jean-Marc Girard, Pierre Duquette, Alexandre Prat, Gabrielle Macaron, Marie-Claude Rousseau, Nathalie Arbour, Catherine Larochelle

“…Findings: Unsupervised analyses revealed that MS immune profile was characterized by low relative levels of anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective factors IL-4, IL-10, TNF, and β-NGF but high levels of growth factors EGF and bFGF. …”
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Enriched environment rescues bisphenol A induced anxiety-like behavior and cognitive impairment by modulating synaptic plasticity by Jiong Li, Guangyin Yu, Laijian Wang, Wenjun Zhang, Wenya Ke, Yifei Li, Danlei Liu, Keman Xie, Yuanyuan Xu, Caihui Cha, Guoqing Guo, Jifeng Zhang

“…The findings of this study provide proof that EE has a neuroprotective effect in reducing anxiety-related behavior and cognitive decline caused by BPA.…”
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Lactate Ameliorates Kainic Acid-Induced Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment via the Chemokine Signaling Pathway in Mice by Chu X, Ge Y, Geng C, Cao P, Wei P, Fu B, Deng Z, Li Y, Zhao G

“…Xiaoqi Chu,1,2,* Yusong Ge,3,* Chao Geng,1,2 Peipei Cao,1,2 Penghu Wei,2 Bin Fu,2 Zihao Deng,4 Yuhao Li,5,6 Guoguang Zhao2,7 1Optometry Institute, School of Medicine Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China; 4Cancer Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 5Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Nankai University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 7National Medical Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Guoguang Zhao, Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email ggzhao@vip.sina.com Yuhao Li, Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email liyuhao@xwhosp.orgPurpose: Lactate, previously considered a metabolic waste product, has been shown to have neuroprotective potential. This study aims to investigate the impact of lactate intervention and its underlying mechanisms on epilepsy.Methods: HT22 cells were stimulated with glutamate to construct an excitotoxicity cell model. …”
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Xiaoyao Pills Attenuate Inflammation and Nerve Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Hippocampal Neurons In Vitro by Yang Fang, Boyu Shi, Xiaobo Liu, Jie Luo, Zhili Rao, Rong Liu, Nan Zeng

“…Xiaoyao Pills (XYW) play an important neuroprotective effect, which is related to its inhibition of neuronal inflammation and promoting the recovery of nerve injury. …”
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Betaine Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Hyperactivation and Regulates Microglial M1/M2 Phenotypic Differentiation, Thereby Attenuating Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depression-Like Behavi... by Man Zhang, Xiao-Long Wang, Hui Shi, Lan-Qing Meng, Hong-Feng Quan, Lin Yan, Hui-Fang Yang, Xiao-Dong Peng

“…The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of betaine on LPS-induced depression-like behavior in mice and its mechanism of action. …”
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Temporal Trends in Serum Homer1 Levels and Their Prognostic Implications in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Cohort Study by Dai J, Lin Q, Ye L, Chen X, Li Z, Lu C, Chen M, Ba H, Sun J, Cai J

“…Junxia Dai, Qun Lin, Liangzhi Ye, Xiaoxiang Chen, Zhiwei Li, Chuan Lu, Maohua Chen, Huajun Ba, Jun Sun, Jianyong Cai Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Pan-Vascular Disease Management Center, The Dingli Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, The Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jianyong Cai, Email wzlqcjy@163.comBackground: Homer scaffold protein 1 (homer1) may harbor neuroprotective effects against acute brain injury. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of serum homer1 in human aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).Methods: A total of 209 patients with aSAH and 100 controls were encompassed in this prospective cohort study. …”
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Effects of Quetiapine on Novelty‐Related Object Recognition Memory and Hippocampal BDNF Level in Sleep‐Deprived Rats by Öznur Özge Özcan, Burcu Çevreli, Emel Serdaroğlu Kaşıkçı, Mesut Karahan, Muhsin Konuk

“…Conclusion These results suggest that the beneficial effects of QET on SD may be partly related to the upregulation of recognition memory and neuroprotective proteins such as BDNF. However, long‐term QET treatment in the absence of a disease model may have the potential to negatively impact recognition memory and BDNF levels, which support synaptic plasticity and cognitive function.…”
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Astrocytic NLRP3 cKO mitigates depression-like behaviors induced by mild TBI in mice. by Hui-Tao Miao, Jun Wang, Jing-Jing Shao, Rong-Xin Song, Wen-Guang Li, Jian-Kai Sun, Shi-Yan Jia, Dong-Xue Zhang, Xiao-Ming Li, Jian-Yong Zhao, Li-Min Zhang

“…Notably, under mild TBI conditions, astrocyte-specific NLRP3 exhibited greater neuroprotective effects in female knockout mice compared to males. …”
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Exploring the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options of Multiple Sclerosis by Simone Lorenzut, Ilaria Del Negro, Giada Pauletto, Lorenzo Verriello, Leopoldo Spadea, Carlo Salati, Mutali Musa, Caterina Gagliano, Marco Zeppieri

“…Novel treatment targets, neuroprotective tactics, and personalized medicine techniques will be the main focus of MS research in the future. …”
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Therapeutic Efficacy of <i>Lavandula dentata</i>’s Oil and Ethanol Extract in Regulation of the Neuroinflammation, Histopathological Alterations, Oxidative Stress, and Restoring Ba... by Aziza Antar, Eman S. Abdel-Rehiem, Areej A. Al-Khalaf, Abdelaziz S. A. Abuelsaad, Mohamed Abdel-Gabbar, Gaber M. G. Shehab, Ayman M. Abdel-Aziz

“…., are rich in phenolic compounds and may provide neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory benefits. However, limited research evaluates their effectiveness in modulating neuroinflammation and histopathological changes in epilepsy models. …”
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Gedunin Mitigates <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i>-Induced Skin Inflammation by Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway by Ju Kyoung Sim, Ye Ji Heo, Jin Hak Shin, Seon Sook Kim, Su Ryeon Seo

“…Gedunin, a limonoid derived from <i>Azadirachta indica</i> (commonly known as neem), is renowned for its antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. However, its role in mitigating <i>C. acnes</i>-induced skin inflammation remains unexplored. …”
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Pirfenidone regulates seizures through the HMGB1/TLR4 axis to improve cognitive functions and modulate oxidative stress and neurotransmitters in PTZ-induced kindling in mice by Mansi Dahalia, Sparsh Gupta, Haya Majid, Divya Vohora, Nidhi

“…Histopathological analysis revealed that pirfenidone ameliorated cellular disintegration and neuronal damage in the hippocampus and cortex.ConclusionPirfenidone shows potential as an anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective agent, with additional benefits in improving cognition and oxidative stress profiles in epilepsy treatment. …”
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Compound identification of Shuangxinfang and its potential mechanisms in the treatment of myocardial infarction with depression: insights from LC-MS/MS and bioinformatic prediction by Yize Sun, Yize Sun, Haibin Zhao, Zheyi Wang

“…Key targets SRC, MAPK3, and seed protein P2RY12 were crucial for PCF’s cardio-neuroprotective effects. Neocryptotanshinone showed the strongest binding to MAPK3, suggesting it as a pivotal active ingredient. …”
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Esketamine at a Clinical Dose Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting AKT Signaling Pathway to Facilitate Microglia M2 Polarization and Autophagy by Gao Y, Li L, Zhao F, Cheng Y, Jin M, Xue FS

“…Thus, this study provides new insights into the neuroprotective mechanisms of esketamine and the potential therapeutic strategies of cerebral I/R injury.Keywords: cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, esketamine, microglia polarization, autophagy, ischemic stroke…”
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Effects of exercise training on the nigrostriatal glutamatergic pathway and receptor interactions in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review by Shahid Ishaq, Iqbal Ali Shah, Shin-Da Lee, Shin-Da Lee, Bor-Tsang Wu

“…In addition, the exercise training downregulated the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, Arc, Cav1.3, CaMKII, and p-CaMKII in the nigrostriatal pathway in PD animal models.ConclusionExercise training exerted a neuroprotective effect on the glutamatergic pathway in Parkinson’s disease (PD) animal models by limiting excess glutamate in the synaptic cleft. …”
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Estrogen-related receptor gamma is a regulator of mitochondrial, autophagy, and immediate-early gene programs in spiny projection neurons: Relevance for transcriptional changes in... by Stephanie N. Fox, Cody H. Savage, Narcy R. Amireddy, Laura J. McMeekin, David K. Crossman, Peter J. Detloff, Michelle Gray, Rita M. Cowell

“…Ongoing studies are investigating mechanisms underlying ERRγ's roles in transcriptional activation and repression in SPNs to inform strategies to promote neuroprotective actions of ERRγ in SPNs in HD.…”
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Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model by Zigui Chen, Chunyuan Zhang, Yuhua Fang, He Zhang, Jiawei Luo, Changfeng Miao, Jiale Li, Jun Peng, Yingqi Qiu, Ying Xia, Qisheng Luo

“…Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and is closely related to TBI. …”
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Phase II randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of MLC1501 in patients with stroke: the MLC1501 study Assessing Efficacy in post-STrOk... by Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Deidre Anne De Silva, Christopher P L H Chen, Cyrus G Escabillas, John Harold Hiyadan, Johnny K Lokin, Romulo U Esagunde, Joel M Advincula, Christian Oliver C Co, Maria Epifania V Collantes, Annabelle Y Lao, Yeow-Hoay Koh, Carol Huilian Tham

“…Background MLC1501, consisting of four herbs, that is, Radix Astragali, Radix Angelicae sinensis, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix Polygalae, has the same pharmacological properties as its precursors MLC601 and MLC901 which contain extracts of nine herbs and showed neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and neurorestorative properties in non-clinical models, as well as clinical benefits in improving functional and neurological recovery after brain injuries.Aims To determine the efficacy of MLC1501 on motor recovery as measured by Fugl-Meyer motor Assessment (FMA) total score at 24 weeks in patients with ischaemic stroke (IS).Design A total of 300 patients aged &gt;18 years, diagnosed with IS in the prior 2–10 days, with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) total score of 8–18 and a combined score of ≥3 on NIHSS motor items 5A, 5B, 6A and/or 6B, will be randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive oral placebo, MLC1501 low dose or MLC1501 high dose for 6 months. …”
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