Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, a Sequel of Untreated Childhood Onset Growth Hormone Deficiency Developing in a 17-Year-Old Patient by Rohan K. Henry, Ram K. Menon

“…This illustrates the natural history of untreated CO-GHD and shows that though hepatic IR can be ameliorated by GH, full reversal of T2DM may be prevented with irreversible hepatic changes (fibrosis). …”
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The Impact of Interferon Lambda 3 Gene Polymorphism on Natural Course and Treatment of Hepatitis C by F. Bellanti, G. Vendemiale, E. Altomare, G. Serviddio

“…Moreover, the potential usefulness of IFNλ in the treatment and natural history of this disease is also discussed.…”
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A NEW FOSSIL CLARIFIES THE ANATOMY AND PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF THE EOCENE GYMNODONT FISH †<em>ZIGNOICHTHYS OBLONGUS</em> (ZIGNO, 1874) by LORENZO RIDOLFI, GIUSEPPE MARRAMÀ, JAMES TYLER, Giorgio Carnevale

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Pulmonary Disease Secondary to Reflux Mimicking Interstitial Pneumonia in Systemic Sclerosis: Case Report and Literature Review by Ricardo Azêdo de Luca Montes, Nathalia Mazolli Veiga, Pedro Gemal Lanzieri, Luis Otávio Cardoso Mocarzel

“…Clinical management of patients with collagen diseases requires clinician skills to identify the natural history and understand its nuances. This is a common situation in clinical practice, but with a few discussions in international literature.…”
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Is there anybody (new) out there? Seven new species of Ligidium (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Ligiidae) from the Southern Appalachians, eastern North America by Ernesto Recuero, Michael S. Caterino

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Updates to the checklist of nocturnal Macroheterocera (Lepidoptera) of the Central High Atlas of Morocco: One new species added for Morocco by Nidal Fetnassi, Omar Er-rguibi, Abdessamad Aglagane, Mohamed Ghamizi, Erki Õunap

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Virological Mechanisms in the Coinfection between HIV and HCV by Maria Carla Liberto, Emilia Zicca, Grazia Pavia, Angela Quirino, Nadia Marascio, Carlo Torti, Alfredo Focà

“…A specific cross-talk among HIV and HCV proteins in coinfected patients modulates the natural history, the immune responses, and the life cycle of both viruses. …”
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Cost-effectiveness of Triple Therapy with Telaprevir for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Patients in Germany by Jona T. Stahmeyer, Svenja Schauer, Siegbert Rossol, Hans Heinrich Wedemeyer, Daniel Wirth, Florence Bianic, Christian Krauth

“…**Methods:** We used a Markov model on disease progression and natural history to assess the cost-effectiveness of triple therapy with telaprevir compared to standard treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. …”
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Species diversity, taxonomy, multi-gene phylogeny, and divergence times of Meruliaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) by Yue Li, Yi-Feng Cao, Karen K. Nakasone, Shi-Liang Liu, Man-Rong Huang, Shuang-Hui He

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Pollinator species richness and abundance across diverse habitat-types on Terceira Island (Azores, Portugal) by Mário Boieiro, Raúl Oliveira, Ricardo Costa, Paulo Borges

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The Hottest Neptunes Orbit Metal-rich Stars by Shreyas Vissapragada, Aida Behmard

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Homologs of the rolC gene of naturally transgenic toadflaxes Linaria vulgaris and Linaria creticola are expressed in vitro by T. V. Matveeva, O. D. Bogomaz, L. A. Golovanova, Yu. S. Li, D. Dimitrov

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Taxonomic status and nomenclature of Tanacetum clusii (Asteraceae, Asteroideae, Anthemideae), with comments on its distribution by Viktor O. Nachychko, Clemens Pachschwöll, Mihai Puşcaş, Ghizela Vonica, Gergely Király

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Case Report: Cholestatic liver disease in the course of erythropoietic protoporphyria associated with renal hypodysplasia and atrial septal defect by Patryk Lipiński, Agnieszka Lipniacka, Maja Klaudel-Dreszler, Lidia Ziółkowska, Grażyna Kostrzewa, Edyta Odnoczko, Robert Wasilewski, Rafał Płoski, Anna Tylki-Szymańska

“…Erytropoietic protoporphyria should be considered in patients with hepatosplenomegaly and cholestasis accompanied by skin damage. The natural history of liver disease in the course of EPP could be determined by other factors, like the co-existence of congenital anomalies.…”
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Rare Pathology Case Report: Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma Forming Sex Cord– and Endometrioid Gland–Like Differentiation in Metastatic Foci by Haneen Al-Maghrabi, Ghadeer Mokhtar, Jaudah Al-Maghrabi

“…Although the overall 5-year survival rate is excellent, it has a natural history of delayed metastases which may manifest even decades after the disease was first diagnosed. …”
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A survey of bdelloid rotifers from coastal ponds in Southern Norway by Giulia Lin, Michael Plewka, Erling Brekke, Øystein N. Kielland, Glenn Dunshea, Diego Fontaneto

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Species distribution modelling using MaxEnt: overview and prospects by Yuliia Novoseltseva

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Quality of care for chronic conditions: identifying specificities of quality aims based on scoping review and Delphi survey by Grace Marie V. Ku, Willem van de Put, Deogratias Katsuva, Mohamad Ali Ag Ahmed, Megumi Rosenberg, Bruno Meessen

“…The findings were validated through a Delphi survey involving 49 international chronic care experts with varied knowledge of, and experience in, low-and-middle-income countries. Considering the natural history of chronic conditions and the journey of a person with a chronic condition, we defined and identified the aims of chronic care quality. …”
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The impact of an imperfect vaccine and pap cytologyscreening on the transmission of human papillomavirus and occurrenceof associated cervical dysplasia and cancer by Tufail Malik, Jody Reimer, Abba Gumel, Elamin H. Elbasha, Salaheddin Mahmud

“…A mathematical model for the natural history of human papillomavirus(HPV) is designed and used to assess the impact of a hypotheticalanti-HPV vaccine and Pap cytology screening on the transmissiondynamics of HPV in a population. …”
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Public sector involvement in non-state governances for sustainable food systems—a biodiversity perspective by Talia Shalom, Tamar Dayan, Tamar Dayan, Eran Feitelson

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