Association between extracellular DNA levels, markers of inflammation and left ventricular mass index in children with chronic kidney disease by Ylva Tranæus Lindblad, Ľubomíra Tóthová, Peter Celec, Karolina Kublickiene, Peter Bárány, Milan Chromek

“…In univariate analysis, levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (LL-37), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were positively correlated with total exDNA and nc_exDNA concentrations. …”
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Labeling tumor-associated extracellular vesicles with antibody-DNA conjugates for quantitative analysis by Xiao Du, Xiao Du, Xiao Du, Hongxiu Li, Hongxiu Li, Hongxiu Li, Shiyi Shen, Shiyi Shen, Shiyi Shen, Chao Tian, Chao Tian, Chao Tian, Xiaohuan Cao, Xiaohuan Cao, Xiaohuan Cao, Xingang Xu, Nan Xu, Shuling Wang, Shuling Wang, Shuling Wang, Qingchang Tian, Qingchang Tian, Qingchang Tian

“…Antibody-DNA conjugates were used to recognize the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antigen on the TAE surface and quantify the antigen using qPCR for cancer analysis.DiscussionThis method proposed a new quantitative detection approach for TAEs, which aim to identify specific EV-associated markers for diagnostic or therapeutic, this method could inspire a new idea for tumor diagnosis and detection of other diseases.…”
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Elevation of Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity Induced by Amplified Insulin Response in Low Glutathione Levels in Rat Liver by Misako Taniguchi, Nobuko Mori, Chizuru Iramina, Akira Yasutake

“…These findings indicated that elevation of the G6PD activity in low GSH levels was caused by amplified insulin response for expression of the enzyme and accelerated turnover rate of the enzyme molecule.…”
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A Simple Separation Method of the Protein and Polystyrene Bead-Labeled Protein for Enhancing the Performance of Fluorescent Sensor by Hye Jin Kim, Dong-Hoon Kang, Seung-Hoon Yang, Eunji Lee, Taewon Ha, Byung Chul Lee, Youngbaek Kim, Kyo Seon Hwang, Hyun-Joon Shin, Jinsik Kim

“…The separation between the protein and the PS beads was demonstrated by comparing the average intensity of fluorescence (AIF) by each molecule. Relative AIF was measured in various applying voltage and time conditions, and the conditions for allocating the PS beads into 15 μm hole were optimized at 80 mV and 15 min, respectively. …”
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Effect of Isopropanol on Microstructure and Activity of TiO2 Films with Dominant {001} Facets for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bezafibrate by Murtaza Sayed, Fu Pingfeng, Hasan M. Khan, Pengyi Zhang

“…Photoluminescence (PL) technique was used for the detection of produced hydroxyl radicals (•OH) on the surface of UV-illuminated TiO2 using terephthalic acid as probe molecule. The photocatalytic degradation intermediates of bezafibrate were analyzed by an ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), and accordingly the degradation pathways were proposed.…”
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A dendritic hexamer acceptor enables 19.4% efficiency with exceptional stability in organic solar cells by Tao Jia, Tao Lin, Yang Yang, Lunbi Wu, Huimin Cai, Zesheng Zhang, Kangfeng Lin, Yulong Hai, Yongmin Luo, Ruijie Ma, Yao Li, Top Archie Dela Peña, Sha Liu, Jie Zhang, Chunchen Liu, Junwu Chen, Jiaying Wu, Shengjian Liu, Fei Huang

“…This work reports high-performance OSCs based on dendritic molecule acceptor with a molecular weight exceeding 10000 g/mol and shares the understanding for designing comprehensively high-performing acceptor materials.…”
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Matrine Attenuates COX-2 and ICAM-1 Expressions in Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Prevents Acute Lung Injury in LPS-Induced Mice by Chian-Jiun Liou, You-Rong Lai, Ya-Ling Chen, Yi-Hsien Chang, Zih-Ying Li, Wen-Chung Huang

“…Here we evaluated matrine’s suppressive effects on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expressions in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated human lung epithelial A549 cells. …”
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Pyran-Squaraine as Photosensitizers for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: DFT/TDDFT Study of the Electronic Structures and Absorption Properties by Reda M. El-Shishtawy, Shaaban A. Elroby, Abdullah M. Asiri, Rifaat H. Hilal

“…Additionally, we performed natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis to investigate the role of charge delocalization and hyperconjugative interactions in the stability of the molecule.…”
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Microglia Play a Major Role in Direct Viral-Induced Demyelination by Dhriti Chatterjee, Kaushiki Biswas, Soma Nag, S. G. Ramachandra, Jayasri Das Sarma

“…Current studies revealed that MHV infection is associated with the pronounced activation of microglia during acute inflammation, as evidenced by characteristic changes in cellular morphology and increased expression of microglia-specific proteins, Iba1 (ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1), which is a macrophage/microglia-specific novel calcium-binding protein and involved in membrane ruffling and phagocytosis. …”
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Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment by Guilong Tanzhu, Liu Chen, Jiaoyang Ning, Wenxiang Xue, Ce Wang, Gang Xiao, Jie Yang, Rongrong Zhou

“…Moreover, preclinical agents often need to cross the blood–brain barrier to achieve high intracranial concentrations, including small‐molecule inhibitors, nanoparticles, and peptide drugs. …”
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Activation of Glycine and Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors by Taurine on the Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of the Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis by Thi Thanh Hoang Nguyen, Janardhan Prasad Bhattarai, Soo Joung Park, Seong Kyu Han

“…Taken together, our results indicate that taurine can be a target molecule for orofacial pain modulation through the activation of GlyRs and/or extrasynaptic GABAARs on the SG neurons.…”
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Repurposing Drugs for Synergistic Combination Therapies to Counteract Monkeypox Virus Tecovirimat Resistance by Haydar Witwit, Beatrice Cubitt, Roaa Khafaji, Esteban M. Castro, Miguel Goicoechea, Maria M. Lorenzo, Rafael Blasco, Luis Martinez-Sobrido, Juan C. de la Torre

“…The FDA-approved small molecule antiviral tecovirimat (TPOXX) is recommended to treat mpox cases with severe symptoms, but the limited efficacy of TPOXX and the emergence of TPOXX resistant MPXV variants has challenged this medical practice of care and highlighted the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. …”
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Inhibition of MEK1 Signaling Pathway in the Liver Ameliorates Insulin Resistance by Atsunori Ueyama, Nobuhiro Ban, Masanori Fukazawa, Tohru Hirayama, Minako Takeda, Tatsuo Yata, Hiroyasu Muramatsu, Masaki Hoshino, Marii Yamamoto, Masao Matsuo, Yuka Kawashima, Tatsuhiko Iwase, Takehisa Kitazawa, Youichi Kushima, Yuichiro Yamada, Yoshiki Kawabe

“…Although mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) is a key signaling molecule and a negative regulator of insulin action, it is still uncertain whether MEK can be a therapeutic target for amelioration of insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) in vivo. …”
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Ferroptosis: A novel cell death modality as a synergistic therapeutic strategy with photodynamic therapy by Yuqing Wang, Yiting Xu, Yong Qu, Yifang Jin, Juanmei Cao, Jinshan Zhan, Zhuoxia Li, Chuxing Chai, Changzheng Huang, Min Li

“…Here in this review, we discuss the rationale for combining PDT with ferroptosis inducers and highlight the progress of single-molecule photosensitizers to induce ferroptosis, as well as the applications of photosensitizers combined with other therapeutic drugs for collaborative therapy. …”
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Physicochemical, Rheological, Structural, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties of Polysaccharides Extracted from Tamarind Seeds by Likun Ren, Yang Yang, Xin Bian, Xiaomei Li, Bing Wang, Dangfeng Wang, Dan Su, Linlin Liu, Dehui Yu, Xiaoxue Guo, Xiumin Zhang, Na Zhang

“…The structure was characterized by FTIR, SEM, and X-ray diffraction after removing protein and small molecule impurities. Furthermore, the rheological and bioactivity of tamarind seed polysaccharides (TSP) were also investigated. …”
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MicroRNA and Putative Target Discoveries in Chrysanthemum Polyploidy Breeding by Fengjiao Zhang, Jingya Zhao, Sujuan Xu, Weimin Fang, Fadi Chen, Nianjun Teng

“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs), around 22 nucleotides (nt) in length, are a class of endogenous and noncoding RNA molecule that play an essential role in plant development, either by suppressing the transcription of target genes at a transcriptional level or inhibiting translation at a posttranscriptional level. …”
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Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors Suppress Lactobacillus casei Cell-Wall-Induced NF-κB and MAPK Activations and Cell Proliferation through Protein Kinase A—or Exchange Protein Activated... by Takekatsu Saito, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Kunio Ohta, Tohru Shimizu, Kaori Ohtani, Yuko Nakayama, Taichi Nakamura, Yashiaki Hitomi, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Shoichi Koizumi, Akihiro Yachie

“…Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a small second messenger molecule that mediates signal transduction. The onset and progression of inflammatory responses are sensitive to changes in steady-state cAMP levels. …”
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Frk positively regulates innate antiviral immunity by phosphorylating TBK1 by Xiaomei Zhang, Ying You, Tingrong Xiong, Tingrong Xiong, Xiaokai Zhang, Haibo Wang, Jinxia Geng, Miao Wang, Yanyan Xu, Shanshan Gao, Shanshan Gao, Xiaoyan Wu, Yue Zheng, Xianhua Wen, Haoyu Yang, Yu Wang, Yu Wang, Xiaohua Wen, Congcong Zhao

“…In this study, we validated the function of Fyn-related kinase (Frk) in the antiviral innate immune response and identified the direct target molecule of Frk in the IFN-β signaling pathway. Furthermore, we elucidated the mechanism by which Frk phosphorylates TBK1 during infection and the role of Frk in IFN-β production. …”
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Structural basis of SIRT7 nucleosome engagement and substrate specificity by Carlos Moreno-Yruela, Babatunde E. Ekundayo, Polina N. Foteva, Dongchun Ni, Esther Calvino-Sanles, Henning Stahlberg, Beat Fierz

“…These structures reveal the basis of lysine specificity, allowing us to engineer SIRT7 towards enhanced H3K18ac selectivity, and provides a basis for small molecule modulator development.…”
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Regulatory role of S1P and its receptors in sepsis-induced liver injury by Bin Wang, Bin Wang, Xiaoyu Wu, Xiaoyu Wu, Jiangfeng Cheng, Jiangfeng Cheng, Junming Ye, Junming Ye, Hongquan Zhu, Hongquan Zhu, Xiaofeng Liu, Xiaofeng Liu

“…Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a widely distributed lipid signaling molecule that binds to five sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PR) to regulate downstream signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiological processes of sepsis, including endothelial permeability, cytokine release, and vascular tone. …”
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