Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Modulates Neurogenesis and Microglia Activation in the Mouse Brain by Anton Pikhovych, Nina Paloma Stolberg, Lea Jessica Flitsch, Helene Luise Walter, Rudolf Graf, Gereon Rudolf Fink, Michael Schroeter, Maria Adele Rueger

“…Here we studied the effects of tDCS on microglia activation and neurogenesis in the mouse brain. …”
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The Synergistic Effect of TRPV1 on Oxidative Stress-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis in Microglia by Tingting Huang, Yao Lin, Qiongyi Pang, Weimin Shen, Xiang Chen, Fengxia Tu

“…Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) has been shown to regulate oxidative stress and apoptosis in microglia; however, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. …”
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Editorial: 15 years of Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience: the dual role of microglia in (neuro)inflammation by Antonio J. Herrera, Antonio J. Herrera

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Deficient Autophagy in Microglia Aggravates Repeated Social Defeat Stress-Induced Social Avoidance by Mai Sakai, Zhiqian Yu, Ryo Hirayama, Masa Nakasato, Yoshie Kikuchi, Chiaki Ono, Hiroshi Komatsu, Miharu Nakanishi, Hatsumi Yoshii, David Stellwagen, Tomoyuki Furuyashiki, Masaaki Komatsu, Hiroaki Tomita

“…In addition, the resilient mice exhibited enhanced autophagic flux in the prefrontal cortical microglia, and the autophagic deficiency in microglia aggravated RSD-induced social avoidance, indicating that microglial autophagy involves stress-induced behavioral changes.…”
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Divergent Crosstalk Between Microglia and T Cells in Brain Cancers: Implications for Novel Therapeutic Strategies by Min-Hee Yi, Jinkyung Lee, Subin Moon, EunA So, Geonhyeok Bang, Kyung-Sub Moon, Kyung-Hwa Lee

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Surveillance, Phagocytosis, and Inflammation: How Never-Resting Microglia Influence Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis by Amanda Sierra, Sol Beccari, Irune Diaz-Aparicio, Juan M. Encinas, Samuel Comeau, Marie-Ève Tremblay

“…Microglia cells are the major orchestrator of the brain inflammatory response. …”
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The Leech Nervous System: A Valuable Model to Study the Microglia Involvement in Regenerative Processes by Françoise Le Marrec-Croq, Francesco Drago, Jacopo Vizioli, Pierre-Eric Sautière, Christophe Lefebvre

“…Microglia are intrinsic components of the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Brain penetration of peripheral extracellular vesicles from Alzheimer's patients and induction of microglia activation by Hermine Counil, Rummenigge Oliveira Silva, Jean‐Michel Rabanel, Charlotte Zaouter, Mohamed Haddad, Mohamed Raâfet Ben Khedher, Davide Brambilla, Tamas Fülöp, Shunmoogum A. Patten, Charles Ramassamy

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Nonapoptotic caspase-3 guides C1q-dependent synaptic phagocytosis by microglia by Megumi Andoh, Natsuki Shinoda, Yusuke Taira, Tasuku Araki, Yuka Kasahara, Haruki Takeuchi, Masayuki Miura, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama

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The Role of the Innate Immune System in Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: An Eye on Microglia by Elisa Ridolfi, Cinzia Barone, Elio Scarpini, Daniela Galimberti

“…A key role is played by microglia, which represent the immune effector cells in the central nervous system (CNS). …”
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Prior Exposure to Immunosuppressors Sensitizes Retinal Microglia and Accelerates Optic Nerve Regeneration in Zebrafish by Ilse Bollaerts, Jessie Van houcke, An Beckers, Kim Lemmens, Sophie Vanhunsel, Lies De Groef, Lieve Moons

“…Here, we used pharmacological immunosuppression methods to study the role of microglia/macrophages during optic nerve regeneration in adult zebrafish. …”
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Impaired peroxisomal beta-oxidation in microglia triggers oxidative stress and impacts neurons and oligodendrocytes by Ali Tawbeh, Catherine Gondcaille, Fatima-Ezzahra Saih, Quentin Raas, Damien Loichot, Yannick Hamon, Céline Keime, Alexandre Benani, Francesca Di Cara, Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki, Pierre Andreoletti, Stéphane Savary

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α-Synuclein fibrils enhance HIV-1 infection of human T cells, macrophages and microglia by Lia-Raluca Olari, Sichen Liu, Franziska Arnold, Julia Kühlwein, Marta Gil Miró, Ajeet Rijal Updahaya, Christina Stürzel, Dietmar Rudolf Thal, Paul Walther, Konstantin M. J. Sparrer, Karin M. Danzer, Jan Münch, Frank Kirchhoff

“…Here, we show that α-synuclein and (to a lesser extent) Aβ fibrils associated with neurological diseases enhance HIV-1 entry and replication in human T cells, macrophages, and microglia. Additionally, an HIV-1 Env-derived amyloidogenic peptide accelerated amyloid formation by α-synuclein and Aβ peptides. …”
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Leptomeningeal Cells Transduce Peripheral Macrophages Inflammatory Signal to Microglia in Reponse to Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS by Yicong Liu, Zhou Wu, Xinwen Zhang, Junjun Ni, Weixian Yu, Yanmin Zhou, Hiroshi Nakanishi

“…We report here that the leptomeningeal cells transduce inflammatory signals from peripheral macrophages to brain-resident microglia in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) …”
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Lactoferrin alleviates the adverse effects of early-life inflammation on depression in adults by regulating the activation of microglia by Wenli Wang, Qin An, Yunxia Zou, Yunping Dai, Qingyong Meng, Yali Zhang

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Association of Glioblastoma Multiforme Stem Cell Characteristics, Differentiation, and Microglia Marker Genes with Patient Survival by Sandra Bien-Möller, Ellen Balz, Susann Herzog, Laura Plantera, Silke Vogelgesang, Kerstin Weitmann, Carolin Seifert, Matthias A. Fink, Sascha Marx, Angela Bialke, Chitra Venugopal, Sheila K. Singh, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Bernhard H. Rauch, Henry W. S. Schroeder

“…Here, we performed expression analyses of stem cell (ABCG2, CD44, CD95, CD133, ELF4, Nanog, and Nestin) as well as differentiation and microglia markers (GFAP, Iba1, and Sparc) in GBM compared to nonmalignant brain. …”
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Having a Coffee Break: The Impact of Caffeine Consumption on Microglia-Mediated Inflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases by Maria H. Madeira, Raquel Boia, António F. Ambrósio, Ana R. Santiago

“…A promising hypothesis is that caffeine controls microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response associated with the majority of neurodegenerative conditions. …”
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Sex differences in the neuroinflammatory signaling pathway: effect of miRNAs on fatty acid synthesis in microglia by Haolin Zheng, Akiko Mizokami, Sergio Romera-Giner, Jaime Llera-Oyola, Yosuke Yamawaki, Tomomi Sano, Eijiro Jimi, Francisco García-García, Takashi Kanematsu

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Cooling and Sterile Inflammation in an Oxygen-Glucose-Deprivation/Reperfusion Injury Model in BV-2 Microglia by Jana Lücht, Nele Rolfs, Sylvia J. Wowro, Felix Berger, Katharina R. L. Schmitt, Giang Tong

“…Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) has been shown to be involved not only in cooling-induced cellular protection but also as a mediator of sterile inflammation, a critical mechanism of the innate immune response in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The role of microglia and its activation in cerebral I/R injury warrants further investigation as both detrimental and regenerative properties have been described. …”
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Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes in Microglia: One Contact Site to Rule Them all by Elisa Navarro, Jorge Montesinos

“…Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by monitoring and responding to environmental changes through processes such as phagocytosis, cytokine production or synapse remodeling. …”
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