From structure prediction to function: defining the domain on the African swine fever virus CD2v protein required for binding to erythrocytes by Ana Luisa Reis, Anusyah Rathakrishnan, Vlad Petrovan, Muneeb Islam, Lynnette Goatley, Katy Moffat, Mai Tuyet Vuong, Yuan Lui, Simon J. Davis, Shinji Ikemizu, Linda K. Dixon

“…The sequence of the extracellular domain of CD2v shows similarity with that of mammalian CD2 proteins and is therefore likely to feature two immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains. …”
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Are we serologically prepared against an avian influenza pandemic and could seasonal flu vaccines help us? by Iván Sanz-Muñoz, Javier Sánchez-Martínez, Carla Rodríguez-Crespo, Corina S. Concha-Santos, Marta Hernández, Silvia Rojo-Rello, Marta Domínguez-Gil, Ahmed Mostafa, Luis Martinez-Sobrido, Jose M. Eiros, Aitor Nogales

“…These findings demonstrate the importance of vaccination and suggest that seasonal influenza vaccines could be used as a first line of defense against an eventual pandemic caused by avian influenza viruses, to be followed immediately by the use of more specific pandemic vaccines.IMPORTANCEInfluenza A viruses (IAV) can infect and replicate in multiple mammalian and avian species. Avian influenza virus (AIV) is a highly contagious viral disease that occurs primarily in poultry and wild water birds. …”
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Appearance of green tea compounds in plasma following acute green tea consumption is modulated by the gut microbiome in mice by John D. Sterrett, Kevin D. Quinn, Katrina A. Doenges, Nichole M. Nusbacher, Cassandra L. Levens, Mike L. Armstrong, Richard M. Reisdorph, Harry Smith, Laura M. Saba, Kristine A. Kuhn, Catherine A. Lozupone, Nichole A. Reisdorph

“…From this, we can start to recognize certain groups of green tea-derived compounds that are impacted by mammalian microbiomes. This research presents a novel technique for understanding microbial metabolism of food-derived compounds in the gut, which can be applied to other foods.…”
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Formulation, characterization, and evaluation of curcumin-loaded ginger-derived nanovesicles for anti-colitis activity by Shengjie Huang, Min Zhang, Xiaoge Li, Jierong Pei, Zhirong Zhou, Peng Lei, Meng Wang, Peng Zhang, Heshui Yu, Guanwei Fan, Lifeng Han, Haiyang Yu, Yuefei Wang, Miaomiao Jiang

“…Plant-derived nanovesicles have gained attention given their similarity to mammalian exosomes and advantages such as low cost, sustainability, and tissue targeting. …”
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Rapid literature mapping on the recent use of machine learning for wildlife imagery by Nakagawa, Shinichi, Lagisz, Malgorzata, Francis, Roxane, Tam, Jessica, Li, Xun, Elphinstone, Andrew, Jordan, Neil R., O'Brien, Justine K., Pitcher, Benjamin J., Van Sluys, Monique, Sowmya, Arcot, Kingsford, Richard T.

“…Typically, studies have focused on large charismatic or iconic mammalian species. An increasing number of studies have been published in ecology-specific journals indicating the uptake of deep learning to transform the detection, classification and tracking of wildlife. …”
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Metformin blocks BIK1-mediated CPK28 phosphorylation and enhances plant immunity by Yazhou Bao, Qian Zhang, Hai Zhu, Yong Pei, Yaning Zhao, Yixin Li, Peiyun Ji, Dandan Du, Hao Peng, Guangyuan Xu, Xiaodan Wang, Zhiyuan Yin, Gan Ai, Xiangxiu Liang, Daolong Dou

“…Despite its well-documented benefits in mammalian cellular processes, its functions and underlying mechanisms in plants remain unclear. …”
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A novel α-conotoxin [D1G, ΔQ14] LvIC decreased mouse locomotor activity by Wen Wang, Wen Wang, Meiting Wang, Huanbai Wang, Weifeng Xu, Conggang Wang, Jie Pei, Xiaodan Li, Dongting Zhangsun, Dongting Zhangsun

“…Background and PurposeNicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are expressed throughout the mammalian brain, mediate a variety of physiological functions. …”
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Identification of a new alphacoronavirus (Coronaviridae: <i>Alphacoronavirus</i>) associated with the greater horseshoe bat (<i>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</i>) in the south of Europ... by Sergey V. Lenshin, Tatyana V. Vishnevskaya, Alexey V. Romashin, Yulia I. Bulycheva, Oleg I. Vyshemirsky, Sophya A. Solovyeva, Asya K. Gitelman, Alexey S. Pazilin, Dmitry K. Lvov, Ben Hu, Zheng-Li Shi, Sergey V. Alkhovsky

“…The interspecies transmission of bat coronaviruses to other mammalian hosts, including livestock and humans, can lead to epidemics, epizootics, and global pandemics. …”
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Immunosuppressive therapy and nutritional diseases of patients after kidney transplantation: a systematic review by Aleksandra Anna Kajdas, Marcin Kleibert, Anne Katrine Normann, Krzysztof Krasuski, Ditte Søndergaard Linde, Dorota Szostak-Węgierek

“…There was no difference observed in phase angle, visceral fat area, lean body mass index, and the proportion of lean mass as a percentage of total body mass between them. Finally, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors was associated with bone status and mycophenolate mofetil was linked to Vitamin B12 deficiencies. …”
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Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species trigger metformin-dependent antitumor immunity via activation of Nrf2/mTORC1/p62 axis in tumor-infiltrating CD8T lymphocytes by Kazuhiro Kakimi, Hirokazu Matsushita, Masaaki Komatsu, Eiryo Kawakami, Mikako Nishida, Nahoko Yamashita, Taisaku Ogawa, Keita Koseki, Eiji Warabi, Tomoyuki Ohue, Katsuyuki Shiroguchi, Heiichiro Udono

“…Expressions of glucose transporter (Glut)-1, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), interferon (IFN)-γ, Ki67, autophagy markers, activation markers for NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and mammalian target of rapamaycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (CD8TILs) were examined by flow cytometry analysis. …”
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Borrelia burgdorferi radiosensitivity and Mn antioxidant content: antigenic preservation and pathobiology by Andrés F. Londoño, Ajay Sharma, Jared Sealy, Vipin S. Rana, Shelby D. Foor, Vera Y. Matrosova, Elena K. Gaidamakova, Robert P. Volpe, Michael J. Daly, Brian M. Hoffman, Utpal Pal, J. Stephen Dumler

“…B. burgdorferi appears to have evolved a system not to protect from irradiation, but presumably to protect from oxidative stress when cyclically transmitted from tick to mammalian host and back. These data also suggest a path forward in the development of novel vaccines against spirochete infections, including Lyme disease, through preparation involving the synthetic Mn2+-decapeptide-phosphate antioxidant complex MDP to provide B. burgdorferi epitope protection during sterilizing gamma-irradiation that eliminates growth. …”
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Dietary Solid-state-fermentation product of Bacillus velezensis T23 alleviate hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, gut barrier damage, and microbiota dysbiosis in juvenile genetica... by Qiang Hao, Rolf Erik Olsen, Einar Ringø, Qianwen Ding, Tsegay Teame, Yuanyuan Yao, Chao Ran, Yalin Yang, Zhen Zhang, Zhigang Zhou

“…The application of commensal probiotic bacteria is one of the preferable green feed additives for antibiotic substitution in aquaculture, while the application methods and detailed action mechanisms of commensal bacteria isolated from aquatic animals are not consistent with normal mammalian-derived probiotics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of solid-state fermentation product of autochthonous Bacillus velezensis T23 on improving hepatic steatosis, liver antioxidation capacity, gut injury and gut microbiota profile of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). …”
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Examining the therapeutic potential and side effects of calcium channel blockers in mortality and morbidity of patients with stroke: A systematic review of pre-clinical and clinica... by Sevak Hatamian, Asad Abdi, Fatemeh Sadat Seyedi Asl, Armin Tafazolimoghadam, Arian Tavasol, Seyed Ali Mousavi Nejad, Reza Madadi, Zohre Tajabadi, Mina Dehghani, Najmeh Ahmadpoor, Mobina Fathi, Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili, Navid Nooraei

“…Two studies were in vitro using mammalian cells and enzymes, and one study was ex-vivo. …”
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Metabolic changes before and after weaning in Dezhou donkey foals in relation to gut microbiota by Qiwen Yang, Qiwen Yang, Haibing Liu, Halima Jafari, Bing Liu, Zhaofei Wang, Jiangtian Su, Fuwen Wang, Ge Yang, Minhao Sun, Jie Cheng, Boying Dong, Min Li, Mingjian Gen, Jie Yu

“…Weaning is undoubtedly one of the most crucial stages in the growth and development of all mammalian animals, including donkey foals. Weaning is a dynamic and coordinated process of the body, which is closely associated with the health, nutrition, and metabolism of the host. …”
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Functional assessment of the glycoproteins of a novel Hendra virus variant reveals contrasting fusogenic capacities of the receptor-binding and fusion glycoproteins by Andrew Z. Ma, Yao Yu Yeo, Jean F. Lee, Colin M. Kim, Shahrzad Ezzatpour, Carolina Menchaca, Viraj Upadhye, Edward J. Annand, John-Sebastian Eden, Raina K. Plowright, Alison J. Peel, David W. Buchholz, Hector C. Aguilar

“…Altogether, our findings may establish intrinsic fusogenic capacities of viral glycoproteins as a potential driver behind the emergence of new henipaviral variants.IMPORTANCEHeV is a zoonotic pathogen that causes severe disease across various mammalian hosts, including horses and humans. The identification of unrecognized HeV variants, such as HeV-g2, highlights the need to investigate mechanisms that may drive their evolution, transmission, and pathogenicity. …”
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Prophylactic phage administration provides a time window for delayed treatment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis in a murine bacteremia model by Wei-Xiao Wang, Jiao-Yang Yu, Xiu-Zhen Chen, Xiu-Zhen Chen, Shi-Yong Fu, Hui Li, Peng-Cheng Yi, Yun-Yao Ren, Shuang-Lin Gu, Jing-Han Gao, Jing Fan, Yan-Mei Sun, Jie Feng, Shi-Wei Wang, Wei Chen, Wei Chen

“…Safety assessments confirmed its non-toxicity to mammalian cells and lack of hemolytic activity. In a mouse bacteremia model, phage treatment alone rescued 60% of infected mice, while combining phage with levofloxacin increased survival to 80%. …”
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Insights on the effect of mega-carcass abundance on the population dynamics of a facultative scavenger predator and its prey by Sidous, Mellina, Cubaynes, Sarah, Gimenez, Olivier, Drouet-Hoguet, Nolwenn, Dray, Stéphane, Bollache, Loïc, Madhlamoto, Daphine, Ngwenya, Nobesuthu Adelaide, Fritz, Hervé, Valeix, Marion

“…We used the semi-natural experimental opportunity in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe, where contrasted management measures (culling and artificial supply of water) have led to fluctuations in elephant carrion abundance, to identify the consequences of facultative scavenging on the population dynamics of a large mammalian carnivore, the spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta), and its prey. …”
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MELK prevents radiofrequency ablation-induced immunogenic cell death and antitumor immune response by stabilizing FABP5 in hepatocellular malignancies by Bu-Fu Tang, Wang-Ting Xu, Shi-Ji Fang, Jin-Yu Zhu, Rong-Fang Qiu, Lin Shen, Yang Yang, Qiao-You Weng, Ya-Jie Wang, Jia-Yi Ding, Xiao-Jie Zhang, Wei-Qian Chen, Li-Yun Zheng, Jing-Jing Song, Biao Chen, Zhong-Wei Zhao, Min-Jiang Chen, Jian-Song Ji

“…Mechanically, MELK binds to fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5), and affects its ubiquitination through the K48R pathway to increase its stability, thereby activating protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling axis to weaken the RFA-mediated antitumor effect. …”
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Congenital T-cell activation impairs transitional-to-follicular B-cell maturation in humans by Hugues Allard-Chamard, Kirsty Hillier, Michelle L. Ramseier, Alice Bertocchi, Naoki Kaneko, Katherine Premo, Grace Yuen, Marshall Karpel, Vinay S. Mahajan, Christina Tsekeri, Joseph S. Hong, Jean Vencic, Rory Crotty, Anish V. Sharda, Sara Barmettler, Emma Westermann-Clark, Jolan E. Walter, Musie Ghebremichael, Alex K. Shalek, Jocelyn R. Farmer, Shiv Pillai

“…We observed a marked reduction in transitional-to-follicular (FO) B-cell development in patients with CTLA4 deficiency, correlating with decreased CTLA4 function in regulatory T cells, increased CD40L levels in effector CD4+ T cells, and increased mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling in transitional B cells (TrBs). …”
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Single Dose of Attenuated Vaccinia Viruses Expressing H5 Hemagglutinin Affords Rapid and Long-Term Protection Against Lethal Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A H5N1... by Fumihiko Yasui, Keisuke Munekata, Tomoko Fujiyuki, Takeshi Kuraishi, Kenzaburo Yamaji, Tomoko Honda, Sumiko Gomi, Misako Yoneda, Takahiro Sanada, Koji Ishii, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Hiroshi Kida, Shosaku Hattori, Chieko Kai, Michinori Kohara

“…Although the DIs strain is unable to grow in most mammalian cells, rDIs-mcl2.2 HA also showed rapid and long-lasting effects against HPAI H5N1 virus infection. …”
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