Does Branched-Chain Amino Acids Supplementation Modulate Skeletal Muscle Remodeling through Inflammation Modulation? Possible Mechanisms of Action by Humberto Nicastro, Claudia Ribeiro da Luz, Daniela Fojo Seixas Chaves, Luiz Roberto Grassmann Bechara, Vanessa Azevedo Voltarelli, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Antonio Herbert Lancha

“…Furthermore, under inflammatory conditions, BCAA can be transaminated to glutamate in order to increase glutamine synthesis, which is a substrate highly consumed by inflammatory cells such as macrophages. The present paper describes the role of inflammation on muscle remodeling and the possible metabolic and cellular effects of BCAA supplementation in the modulation of inflammatory status of skeletal muscle and the consequences on protein synthesis and degradation.…”
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Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Gastrointestinal Cancer by Shintaro Fujihara, Hirohito Mori, Hideki Kobara, Noriko Nishiyama, Mitsuyoshi Kobayashi, Makoto Oryu, Tsutomu Masaki

“…Within the growth-promoting, proinflammatory environment of the obese state, cross-talk between macrophages, adipocytes, and epithelial cells occurs via obesity-associated hormones, adipocytokines, and other mediators that may enhance cancer risk and progression. …”
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Lipoid Pneumonia in a Gas Station Attendant by Gladis Isabel Yampara Guarachi, Valeria Barbosa Moreira, Angela Santos Ferreira, Selma M. De A. Sias, Cristovão C. Rodrigues, Graça Helena M. do C. Teixeira

“…The patient underwent bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage, which, on cytochemical (oil red O) evaluation, was slightly positive for lipid material in the foamy cytoplasm of alveolar macrophages. Due to his occupational history and radiographic abnormalities suggestive of lipoid pneumonia, a lung biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis. …”
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Microglia and Spinal Cord Synaptic Plasticity in Persistent Pain by Sarah Taves, Temugin Berta, Gang Chen, Ru-Rong Ji

“…Microglia are regarded as macrophages in the central nervous system (CNS) and play an important role in neuroinflammation in the CNS. …”
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Tumor-Related Exosomes Contribute to Tumor-Promoting Microenvironment: An Immunological Perspective by Wuzhen Chen, Jingxin Jiang, Wenjie Xia, Jian Huang

“…They can interfere with the maturation of DC cells, impair NK cell activation, induce myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and educate macrophages into protumor phenotype. They can also selectively induce effector T cell apoptosis via Fas/FasL interaction and enhance regulatory T cell proliferation and function by releasing TGF-β. …”
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The Immunotherapeutic Effect of SIRPα-Silenced DCs against Cervical Cancer by Xiaojie Li, Wenying Zhou, Yanlan Liang, Changzhi Xu, Zhizhi Xie, Jiayin Liang, Bo Hu

“…Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), a transmembrane protein that is predominantly expressed in dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophages, interacts with CD47 that is overexpressed in almost all types of tumor cells. …”
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Identification and Analysis of Key Immune- and Inflammation-Related Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Tan Y, Qian B, Ma Q, Xiang K, Wang S

“…These key genes were all enriched in the same pathways, such as GOCC_azurophil_granule, IL-12 signalling and production in macrophages is the pathway with the strongest role for key genes. …”
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Investigating intra‐tumoural heterogeneity and microenvironment diversity in primary cardiac angiosarcoma through single‐cell RNA sequencing by Jingyuan Huo, Zhen Wang, Wenting Zhao, Miao Chen, Haoyang Li, Fengpu He, Xiao Tian, Yaqi Ma, Firyuza Husanova, Liang Ma, Yiming Ni, Hongda Ding, Weidong Li, Hongfei Xu

“…Furthermore, we observed suppressive macrophages (SPP1+ and OLR1+) and reduced mitochondrial gene MT‐RNR2 (MTRNR2L12) expression in TME‐infiltrating cells, indicating impaired mitochondrial function. …”
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Autophagy in Inflammatory Diseases by Alexander J. S. Choi, Stefan W. Ryter

“…Additionally, autophagy can interact with other vital processes such as programmed cell death, inflammation, and adaptive immune mechanisms, and thereby potentially influence disease pathogenesis. Macrophages deficient in autophagic proteins display enhanced caspase-1-dependent proinflammatory cytokine production and the activation of the inflammasome. …”
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In vivo monitoring of leukemia-niche interactions in a zebrafish xenograft model. by Anja Arner, Andreas Ettinger, Bradley Wayne Blaser, Bettina Schmid, Irmela Jeremias, Nadia Rostam, Vera Binder-Blaser

“…Interactions of LCs with macrophages and endothelial cells could be quantitatively characterized. …”
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Vulnerability of vascular endothelium in lipopolysaccharide toxicity: effect of (acyl) carnitine on endothelial stability by W. C. Hülsmann

“…The literature presented illustrates that lipopolysaccharide (LPS), from bacterial cell walls, induces tumour necrosis factor (TNF) synthesis in macrophages. TNF affects a number of cell types, amongst which are endothelial cells, within a few hours. …”
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Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Hepcidin Revealed by Hepcidin Disorders by Clara Camaschella, Laura Silvestri

“…In ACD, iron is present in the body, but maldistributed, being deficient for erythropoiesis, but sequestered in macrophages. Studies of the hepcidin regulation by iron and inflammatory cytokines are revealing new pathways that might become targets of new therapeutic intervention in iron disorders.…”
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Chemokines and Neurodegeneration in the Early Stage of Experimental Ischemic Stroke by Pawel Wolinski, Andrzej Glabinski

“…It was observed that neurodegeneration appears very early in that model and correlates well with migration of inflammatory lymphocytes and macrophages to the brain. Although the expression of several studied chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) was significantly increased at the early phase of ET-1 induced stroke model, no clear correlation of this expression with neurodegeneration was observed. …”
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Emerging Roles of Immune Cells in Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction by Yue Liu, Yiqing Yin

“…Microglia, bone marrow-derived macrophages, mast cells, and T cells in the central nervous system (CNS) can be activated to secrete more cytokines, further aggravating neuroinflammation after surgery. …”
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Pulmonary nocardiosis in a fat-tailed sheep by Reza Kheirandish, Masoud Sami, Reza Ghanbarpour, Soodeh Alidadi

“…Microscopically, the nodules consisted of foci of pyogranulomatous inflammation with the presence of macrophages, multinucleated (langhans- type) giant cells and eosinophilic amorphous material with rosette-shape configurations (Splendore-Hoeppli reaction). …”
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Small Bowel Obstruction due to Intestinal Xanthomatosis by L. E. Barrera-Herrera, F. Arias, P. A. Rodríguez-Urrego, M. A. Palau-Lázaro

“…Xanthomatosis is produced by accumulation of cholesterol-rich foamy macrophages. Intestinal xanthomatosis is an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion that may cause small bowel obstruction and several cases have been reported in the English literature as obstruction in the jejunum. …”
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Identification of potential substrates of LNX1 in chicken cells by Yuhong Liu, Qianmei Gao, Qi Zhang, Chen Li, Sha Liu, Meng Su, Danli Song, Guiping Zhao, Qinghe Li

“…A cell line with stable knockdown of the LNX1 gene was developed using chicken macrophages (HD11) as the model. The relative quantitative values of each protein were analyzed using 4D-FastDIA quantitative proteomics. …”
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Application of Bionanomaterials in Tumor Immune Microenvironment Therapy by Jiawei Wang, Yan Bao, Yandan Yao

“…In this review, we will summarize the most current researches on bionanomaterials for targeted regulation of tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, T lymphocyte cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts and summarize the prospects and challenges of cell-targeted therapy and clinical translational potential in a tumor immune microenvironment in cancer treatment.…”
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ZNF521 Is Correlated with Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration and Act as a Valuable Prognostic Biomarker in Gastric Cancer by Li Li, Zheng-Hui Liu, Hui-Ju Wang, Lei Wang, Guo-Qing Ru, Yuan-Yu Wang

“…The expression of ZNF521 was correlated with infiltrating levels of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in gastric cancer, which also correlated with diverse immune marker sets. …”
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Probable Pulmonary Blastomycosis in a Wild Coyote (Canis latrans) by Luis E. Rodríguez-Tovar, Alicia M. Nevárez-Garza, Ricardo Vladimir Barajas-Juárez, Juan J. Zarate-Ramos, Rogelio A. Ledezma-Torres, Armando Trejo-Chávez

“…Histopathologic examination revealed multifocal coalescing granulomas with abundant macrophages, numerous neutrophils, fibroblasts, plasma cells, and lymphocytes. …”
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