The Role of Dll4/Notch Signaling in Normal and Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis: Dll4 Controls Blood Vessel Sprouting and Vessel Remodeling in Normal and Pathological Conditions by Ivan Lobov, Natalia Mikhailova

“…Dll4 is a transmembrane protein that acts as a ligand for Notch receptors 1 and 4. Genetic deletion of Dll4 causes severe abnormalities in embryonic and postnatal vascular development. …”
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The Role of Fas-FasL Signaling Pathway in Induction of Apoptosis in Patients with Sulfur Mustard-Induced Chronic Bronchiolitis by Gila Pirzad, Mahvash Jafari, Sasan Tavana, Homayoon Sadrayee, Saeid Ghavami, Arezoo Shajiei, Mostafa Ghanei

“…Sulfur mustard (SM) is an alkylating agent that induces apoptosis and necrosis in cells. Fas-Fas ligand (FasL) interaction could induce apoptosis as well. …”
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Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation Leads to Downregulation of PPAR Transcription in Broiler Chickens and Reduction of Adipocyte Cellularity by Suriya Kumari Ramiah, Goh Yong Meng, Tan Sheau Wei, Yeap Swee Keong, Mahdi Ebrahimi

“…Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) act as an important ligand for nuclear receptors in adipogenesis and fat deposition in mammals and avian species. …”
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Leguminous Lectins as Tools for Studying the Role of Sugar Residues in Leukocyte Recruitment by N. M. N. Alencar, E. H. Teixeira, A. M. S. Assreuy, B. S. Cavada, C. A. Flores, R. A. Ribeiro

“…The natural physiological ligands for selectins are oligosaccharides found in glycoprotein or glycolipid molecules in cell membranes. …”
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Case report: Cutaneous metastasis of squamous cervical carcinoma: complete regression after molecular diagnosis by Liwen Guo, Yanqiong Liu, Shuhua Zhang, Wei Liu, Wei Liu

“…Our study, which used two cycles of albumin-bound paclitaxel, cisplatin, and bevacizumab, followed by four cycles of the same regimen plus terprelimab for metastases with CPS scores of Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) over 10, resulted in a stable complete response for over eight months. …”
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Protein Kinase Cα Modulates Estrogen-Receptor-Dependent Transcription and Proliferation in Endometrial Cancer Cells by Alicia M. Thorne, Twila A. Jackson, Van C. Willis, Andrew P. Bradford

“…In this study, we demonstrate that expression of active, myristoylated PKCα conferred ligand-independent activation of estrogen-receptor- (ER-) dependent promoters and enhanced responses to estrogen. …”
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Quantitative impact of immunomodulation versus oncolysis with cytokine-expressing virus therapeutics by Peter S. Kim, Joseph J. Crivelli, Il-Kyu Choi, Chae-Ok Yun, Joanna R. Wares

“…We employ a mathematical model of virotherapy that induces release of cytokine IL-12 and co-stimulatory molecule 4-1BB ligand. We found that the model closely matches previously published data, and while viral oncolysis is fundamental in reducing tumor burden, increased stimulation of cytotoxic T cells leads to a short-term reduction in tumor size, but a faster relapse. …”
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Neuroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Pioglitazone on Traumatic Brain Injury by Mohammad Yassin Zamanian, Niloofar Taheri, Maria Jade Catalan Opulencia, Dmitry Olegovich Bokov, Sharif Y. Abdullaev, Mohammadreza Gholamrezapour, Mahsa Heidari, Gholamreza Bazmandegan

“…To achieve the protective impact of PG the following was required: (1) stimulating PPARγ; (2) decreasing oxidative stress; (3) decreasing nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) expression; (4) limiting the increase in the number of activated microglia; and (5) reducing mitochondrial dysfunction. …”
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Protective Role of Black Tea Extract against Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis-Induced Skeletal Dysfunction by Subhra Karmakar, Sangita Majumdar, Anasuya Maiti, Monalisa Choudhury, Aniruddha Ghosh, Asankur S. Das, Chandan Mitra

“…Several urinary (calcium, phosphate, creatinine, and calcium-to-creatinine ratio) serum (alkaline phosphatase and serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase), and molecular markers of bone turnover (receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and estrogen) were tested. …”
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The role of KNDy neurons in human reproductive health by Aki Oride, Haruhiko Kanasaki

“…In the early 2000s, metastin, an endogenous ligand for G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54), was discovered in human placental extracts. …”
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New Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Therapeutic Strategies Based on the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/Angiotensin-(1–7)/Mas Receptor Axis by Anderson J. Ferreira, Tatiane M. Murça, Rodrigo A. Fraga-Silva, Carlos Henrique Castro, Mohan K. Raizada, Robson A. S. Santos

“…Additionally, it is well established that the G protein-coupled receptor Mas is a functional ligand site for Ang-(1–7). The axis formed by ACE2/Ang-(1–7)/Mas represents an endogenous counter regulatory pathway within the RAS whose actions are opposite to the vasoconstrictor/proliferative arm of the RAS constituted by ACE/Ang II/AT1 receptor. …”
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Biomarkers in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer for efficiency of immune checkpoint inhibitors by Zixi Wu, Junbiao Zhang, Le Li, Zhihua Wang, Chunguang Yang

“…However, while immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy or combination therapy targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and/or programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis has been regarded as the standard therapy in many solid tumours, mCRPC as ‘cold’ tumours are considered to be relatively resistant to ICB treatment. …”
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Genetic characteristics involving the PD-1/PD-L1/L2 and CD73/A2aR axes and the immunosuppressive microenvironment in DLBCL by Tingting Zhang, Zhenzhen Zhang, Xiubao Ren, Jin He, Zhengzi Qian, Bin Meng, Lei Jiao, Hengqi Liu, Lanfang Li, Lihua Qiu, Shiyong Zhou, Wenchen Gong, Huilai Zhang, Xianhuo Wang

“…Background Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1/L2 (programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1/ligand 2) pathway combined with other immunosuppressive signalings, such as CD73/A2aR (A2a adenosine receptor) adenosine signaling, has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. …”
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Comprehensive single-cell atlas of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors with liver metastases: unraveling tumor microenvironment heterogeneity between primary lesions and metastases by Yiqiao Deng, Qichen Chen, Chengyao Guo, Jinghua Chen, Xin Li, Zhiyu Li, Yefan Zhang, Jianjun Zhao, Jianguo Zhou, Jianqiang Cai, Tao Yan, Xiaobing Wang, Xinyu Bi, Zhen Huang, Hong Zhao

“…Cell communication analysis unveiled potential targetable receptor-ligand interactions between COLEC11_mCAFs and LM_MCs. …”
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The Antifibrosis Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor δ on Rat Corneal Wound Healing after Excimer Laser Keratectomy by Yun Gu, Xuan Li, Tiangeng He, Zhixin Jiang, Peng Hao, Xin Tang

“…The present study tested the hypothesis that the ligand activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) δ had antifibrosis effects in a rat model of corneal damage. …”
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Association of PD-1 and PD-L1 Genetic Polymorphyisms with Type 1 Diabetes Susceptibility by Chenyue Qian, Heming Guo, Xiaohong Chen, Aiming Shi, Sicheng Li, Xin Wang, Jie Pan, Chen Fang

“…The programmed death- (PD-) 1/PD-1 ligand (PD-L) pathway plays an important role in regulating T cell activation and maintaining peripheral tolerance. …”
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A3 Adenosine Receptor Allosteric Modulator Induces an Anti-Inflammatory Effect: In Vivo Studies and Molecular Mechanism of Action by Shira Cohen, Faina Barer, Sara Bar-Yehuda, Adriaan P. IJzerman, Kenneth A. Jacobson, Pnina Fishman

“…LUF6000 is an allosteric compound known to modulate the A3AR and render the endogenous ligand adenosine to bind to the receptor with higher affinity. …”
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Pioglitazone Attenuates Vascular Fibrosis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats by Dengfeng Gao, Ning Ning, Guanghua Hao, Xiaolin Niu

“…We sought to investigate whether the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) ligand pioglitazone can attenuate vascular fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and explore the possible molecular mechanisms. …”
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ENTPD8 overexpression enhances anti-PD-L1 therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-214-5p inhibition by Si-qi Zhao, Min-jie Chen, Fei Chen, Zhao-feng Gao, Xiao-ping Li, Ling-yu Hu, Hai-ying Cheng, Jin-yan Xuan, Jian-guo Fei, Zheng-wei Song

“…Mechanistically, ENTPD8 regulates programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression through miR-214-5p modulation. …”
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Pharmacophore-based approach for the identification of prospective UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine hydrolase (LpxH) inhibitor from natural product database against Salmonella Typhi by Divyapriya Karthikeyan, Sanjit Kumar, NS Jayaprakash

“…The traditional approach to discovering new drugs is a lengthy process. To address this, ligand-based pharmacophore modeling was used to identify potential inhibitors of the S. typhi LpxH protein, a crucial enzyme in the lipid A biosynthesis pathway. …”
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