Editorial by Daniel Halliday

“…These facts also remind us that while the study of inherited wealth owes much of its motivation to a concern to work out the degree to which it is compatible with justice, much can be learned from an interdisciplinary approach in which the tools of political philosophy are combined with those of the social sciences. …”
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Bayesian Optimization of insect trap distribution for pest monitoring efficiency in agroecosystems by Eric Yanchenko, Thomas M. Chappell, Anders S. Huseth

“…In this study, a Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm was used to learn more about the optimal distribution of a fine-scale trap network targeting Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), a significant agricultural pest across North America. …”
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Mechanical problem solving by plush-crested jays: are tools special after all? by Jimena Lois-Milevicich, Lauriane Rat-Fischer, María Alicia de la Colina, Raúl Orencio Gómez, Juan Carlos Reboreda, Alex Kacelnik

“…Eight out of nine subjects succeeded in the NT task, whereas none of them learned to solve the T task. This is consistent with tool use involving dedicated competencies, rather than just high problem-solving proficiency.…”
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Automated Pavement Crack Damage Detection Using Deep Multiscale Convolutional Features by Weidong Song, Guohui Jia, Hong Zhu, Di Jia, Lin Gao

“…In this work, we introduce a novel multiscale dilated convolutional module that can learn rich deep convolutional features, making the crack features acquired under a complex background more discriminant. …”
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The Effect of a Card Game upon Achievements within Medical Terms Topic: MedTerm Game by Tugce Gunter, Dilek Karaman

“…All students who voluntarily participated in the study played the card game named ‘MedTerm’ in order to learn medical terms. In the research, ‘The Medical Terms Achievement Test (MTAT)’ consisted of 57 open-ended questions was used as data collection tool. …”
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Demographics, Practising Arrangements, and Standards: Survey among New Zealand Dentists by Robert James Lee, Jithendra Ratnayake, Arthi Veerasamy, Carolina Loch, Peter Cathro, Paul A. Brunton

“…Dentistry is an ever-changing profession, with evidence that NZ dentists continue to develop, learn, and embrace advancements in technologies to supply high-quality evidence-based treatment.…”
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The Gluon Sivers Distribution: Status and Future Prospects by Daniël Boer, Cédric Lorcé, Cristian Pisano, Jian Zhou

“…We review what is currently known about the gluon Sivers distribution and what are the opportunities to learn more about it. Because single transverse spin asymmetries in p↑p→πX provide only indirect information about the gluon Sivers function through the relation with the quark-gluon and tri-gluon Qiu-Sterman functions, current data from hadronic collisions at RHIC have not yet been translated into a solid constraint on the gluon Sivers function. …”
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Sustained Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Initial Hunger Improves Insulin Sensitivity by Mario Ciampolini, David Lovell-Smith, Riccardo Bianchi, Boudewijn de Pont, Massimiliano Sifone, Martine van Weeren, Willem de Hahn, Lorenzo Borselli, Angelo Pietrobelli

“…Recognition of initial hunger (IH) is easily learned, can be validated by associated blood glucose (BG) concentration, and may improve insulin sensitivity. …”
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From Routine Work to Creative Initiative: How Do School and University Influence the Formation of Personal Qualities and Skills? by E. A. Kogan, E. I. Pronina

“…While at university, students learn to take the initiative, set goals and realize them, defend their opinion and solve non-standard tasks, be independent and flexible.The survey participants would like the school to be more focused on developing students’ creative abilities and their own opinions; they lack practice and interaction in the classroom and an individual approach. …”
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الرؤیة والرسالة لجمعیات المکتبات والمعلومات العربیة والأجنبیة: دراسة تحلیلیة مقارنة مع بیان مقترح لعینة من الجمعیات العربیة... by د. نادیة عبد العزیز الصواف Abdel Aziz El Sawaf

“…This is the memory thatpreserves the new knowledge and is the first institution to learn about itsexistence. Affected by it.The present study aims at establishing a vision and objectives for theArab National Professional Societies through studying and analyzing the activitiesof the international associations and institutions in the field of libraries andinformation in order to achieve a vision, mission and objectives that can beapplied to Arab professional associations and institutions, the standards of thegood message and its contents, The process of preparing the message andpossible solutions, giving practical examples of the message of a number ofinternational professional associations,The study followed the analytical descriptive method to cover the websitesof Arab professional societies and associations for libraries and information onthe Internet and some sites of foreign societies. …”
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Motion feature extraction using magnocellular-inspired spiking neural networks for drone detection by Jiayi Zheng, Jiayi Zheng, Yaping Wan, Xin Yang, Hua Zhong, Minghua Du, Gang Wang, Gang Wang

“…To address this, inspired by the magnocellular motion processing mechanisms, we proposed to utilize the spatial–temporal characteristics of the flying drones based on spiking neural networks, thereby developing the Magno-Spiking Neural Network (MG-SNN) for drone detection. The MG-SNN can learn to identify potential regions of moving targets through motion saliency estimation and subsequently integrates the information into the popular object detection algorithms to design the retinal-inspired spiking neural network module for drone motion extraction and object detection architecture, which integrates motion and spatial features before object detection to enhance detection accuracy. …”
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Development, implementation, and evaluation of a 3D‐printed high‐fidelity pediatric mannequin with expected hard‐to‐intubate airway by Luca Puggelli, Marta Mencarelli, Paola Serio, Rocco Furferi, Francesca Amoretti, Yary Volpe

“…Abstract Clinical simulation is fundamental for the healthcare staff to learn and enhance their procedural skills without causing harm to the patients. …”
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Instance-level semantic segmentation of nuclei based on multimodal structure encoding by Bo Guan, Guangdi Chu, Ziying Wang, Jianmin Li, Bo Yi

“…The framework incorporates: (1) A multi-scale feature fusion and knowledge distillation module utilizing the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model’s image encoder; (2) A method to transform morphological features of cells into textual descriptions for semantic representation; and (3) A graph neural network approach to learn spatial relationships and contextual information between cell nuclei. …”
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Honoring donors: medical students’ reflections on cadaveric dissection by Young Gyu Kwon, Myeong Namgung, Song Hee Park, Mi Kyung Kim, Chan Woong Kim, Hyo Hyun Yoo

“…Conclusion The participants had profound gratitude and respect for donors before cadaveric dissection, which increased their motivation to learn. Analyzing reflective writing is an effective approach to understanding students’ initial perceptions and attitudes toward cadaveric dissection; further, it can inform educational strategies that aid students in forming their professional identity.…”
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Environmental enrichment with nylon gnaw sticks introduces variation in Sprague Dawley rat immune and lower gastrointestinal parameters with differences between sexes by Mark Wulczynski, Stephen P. J. Brooks, Judy Green, Fernando Matias, Martin Kalmokoff, Julia M. Green-Johnson, Sandra T. Clarke

“…Abstract Background Environmental enrichment (EE) is commonly included as an important component of animal housing to promote well being of laboratory animals; however, much remains to be learned about the impact of chewable forms of EE on experimental outcomes in the context of nutritional and microbiome-related studies, and whether outcomes differ between sexes. …”
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Multi-modal feature fusion with multi-head self-attention for epileptic EEG signals by Ning Huang, Zhengtao Xi, Yingying Jiao, Yudong Zhang, Zhuqing Jiao, Xiaona Li

“…On this basis, the features of these three modalities were interactively learned through the multi-head self-attention mechanism, and the attention weights were trained simultaneously. …”
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Introducing youth to clinical research: Development and pilot implementation of a children’s activity book by Renee Cadzow, Andy Strohmeier, Erin Carnes, Teresa Quattrin

“… Abstract Introduction: Children continue to be an underrepresented population in research and clinical trials due to difficulties encountered in recruitment, assenting, and retention processes. “Sofia Learns About Research” is a children’s activity book that introduces youth to clinical research and basic elements of clinical trials. …”
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Who gets to define flourishing? Disentangling social science from theology in flourishing measurement and policy prescriptions by Sarah S. Willen, Abigail Fisher Williamson, Colleen C. Walsh

“…., 2023). We were pleased to learn of their agreement with several of the concerns we raised — among them the need for more qualitative inquiry into flourishing; greater attention to sociocultural differences; and additional consideration of the impact of structural conditions, power dynamics, and legacies of injustice on opportunities to flourish. …”
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Reentry Trajectory Optimization for a Hypersonic Vehicle Based on an Improved Adaptive Fireworks Algorithm by Xing Wei, Lei Liu, Yongji Wang, Ye Yang

“…To solve the problem, an improved AFWA with a new mutation strategy is developed, where the fireworks can learn from more individuals by the new mutation operator. …”
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Intergroup Dialogue Empowering Action for Transforming Equity in Higher Education by Manpreet Dhillon Brar, Jessica Morales-Chicas, Stacy Morris, Imalay Rivera, Rebecca Cannara

“…Our study adds to the effectiveness of IGD in higher education, offers important lessons learned, and highlights the implications of this work for both IGD practitioners and universities.…”
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