Standardized patient profile review using large language models for case adjudication in observational research by Martijn J. Schuemie, Anna Ostropolets, Aleh Zhuk, Uladzislau Korsik, Seung In Seo, Marc A. Suchard, George Hripcsak, Patrick B. Ryan

“…This study investigates whether case adjudication using the previously introduced Knowledge-Enhanced Electronic Profile Review (KEEPER) system with large language models (LLMs) is feasible and could serve as a viable alternative to manual chart review. …”
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SEMbeddings: how to evaluate model misfit before data collection using large-language models by Tommaso Feraco, Enrico Toffalini

Subjects: “…large language models…”
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Large language models for pretreatment education in pediatric radiation oncology: A comparative evaluation study by Dominik Wawrzuta, Aleksandra Napieralska, Katarzyna Ludwikowska, Laimonas Jaruševičius, Anastasija Trofimoviča-Krasnorucka, Gints Rausis, Agata Szulc, Katarzyna Pędziwiatr, Kateřina Poláchová, Justyna Klejdysz, Marzanna Chojnacka

“…Consequently, they search for information online, often encountering unreliable sources. Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to serve as an educational pretreatment tool, providing reliable answers to their questions. …”
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Artificial Intelligence Scribe and Large Language Model Technology in Healthcare Documentation: Advantages, Limitations, and Recommendations by Sarah A. Mess, MD, Alison J. Mackey, PhD, David E. Yarowsky, PhD

“…They typically use an application programming interface with a large language model (LLM), for example, generative pretrained transformer 4. …”
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Efficient Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models via a Low-Rank Gradient Estimator by Luoming Zhang, Zhenyu Lou, Yangwei Ying, Cheng Yang, Hong Zhou

“…In this paper, we present a Low-Rank Gradient Estimator (LoGE) to accelerate the finetune-time computation of transformers, especially large language models (LLMs). Unlike Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, which primarily aim to minimize the number of fine-tuning parameters, LoGE also significantly reduces the computational load of activation gradient calculations by decomposing pre-trained weights and utilizing low-rank matrices during the backward pass. …”
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LAMARS: Large Language Model-Based Anticipation Mechanism Acceleration in Real-Time Robotic Systems by Yifang Gao, Wei Luo, Xuye Wang, Shunshun Zhang, Patrick Goh

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Spelling correction with large language models to reduce measurement error in open-ended survey responses by Maxwell B. Allamong, Jongwoo Jeong, Paul M. Kellstedt

“…This paper provides evidence that large language models (LLMs), specifically OpenAI’s GPT-4o, offer a flexible, dependable, and low-cost solution to correcting misspellings in open-ended responses. …”
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Exploring the Credibility of Large Language Models for Mental Health Support: Protocol for a Scoping Review by Dipak Gautam, Philipp Kellmeyer

“… BackgroundThe rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs), such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT; Google) and GPT (OpenAI), has introduced significant advancements in natural language processing. …”
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Multiple large language models versus experienced physicians in diagnosing challenging cases with gastrointestinal symptoms by Xintian Yang, Tongxin Li, Han Wang, Rongchun Zhang, Zhi Ni, Na Liu, Huihong Zhai, Jianghai Zhao, Fandong Meng, Zhongyin Zhou, Shanhong Tang, Limei Wang, Xiangping Wang, Hui Luo, Gui Ren, Linhui Zhang, Xiaoyu Kang, Jun Wang, Ning Bo, Xiaoning Yang, Weijie Xue, Xiaoyin Zhang, Ning Chen, Rui Guo, Baiwen Li, Yajun Li, Yaling Liu, Tiantian Zhang, Shuhui Liang, Yong Lv, Yongzhan Nie, Daiming Fan, Lina Zhao, Yanglin Pan

“…Abstract Faced with challenging cases, doctors are increasingly seeking diagnostic advice from large language models (LLMs). This study aims to compare the ability of LLMs and human physicians to diagnose challenging cases. …”
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PharmaLLM: A Medicine Prescriber Chatbot Exploiting Open-Source Large Language Models by Ayesha Azam, Zubaira Naz, Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan

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Toward cultural interpretability: A linguistic anthropological framework for describing and evaluating large language models by Graham M Jones, Shai Satran, Arvind Satyanarayan

“…While linguistic anthropology focuses on interpreting the cultural basis for human language use, the ML field of interpretability is concerned with uncovering the patterns that Large Language Models (LLMs) learn from human verbal behavior. …”
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Vegetable Crop Growth Modeling in Digital Twin Platform Based on Large Language Model Inference by ZHAO Chunjiang, LI Jingchen, WU Huarui, YANG Yusen

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Potential of multimodal large language models for data mining of medical images and free-text reports by Yutong Zhang, Yi Pan, Tianyang Zhong, Peixin Dong, Kangni Xie, Yuxiao Liu, Hanqi Jiang, Zihao Wu, Zhengliang Liu, Wei Zhao, Wei Zhang, Shijie Zhao, Tuo Zhang, Xi Jiang, Dinggang Shen, Tianming Liu, Xin Zhang

“…Recently, multimodal large language models (MLLMs), especially Gemini-Vision-series (Gemini) and GPT-4-series (GPT-4) models, have revolutionized numerous domains, significantly impacting the medical field. …”
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Research and application of defense mechanism for prompt injection attack of large language model in financial industry by MOU Daen, WEI Zhihua, SUN Minglong, SONG Na, NI Lin

Subjects: “…financial large language model security…”
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Large language models for accurate disease detection in electronic health records: the examples of crystal arthropathies by Kim Lauper, Denis Mongin, Nils Bürgisser, Samia Mehouachi, Clement P. Buclin, Delphine S. Courvoisier, Etienne Chalot

“…Objectives We propose and test a framework to detect disease diagnosis using a recent large language model (LLM), Meta’s Llama-3-8B, on French-language electronic health record (EHR) documents. …”
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Research on knowledge graph construction technology for cyber threat intelligence based on large language models by LAI Qingnan, JIN Jiandong, ZHOU Changling

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Large language models for chart review: how machine learning can accelerate hematology research by Barbara D. Lam, Peiqi Wang, Shengling Ma, Omid Jafari, Iuliia Kovalenko, Ang Li

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Evaluating Large Language Models for Optimized Intent Translation and Contradiction Detection Using KNN in IBN by Muhammad Asif, Talha Ahmed Khan, Wang-Cheol Song

“…This research addresses these gaps by evaluating advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) such as BERT-base uncased (BERT-bu), GPT2, LLaMA3, Claude2 and small deep learning model BiLSTM with attention for translating intents and detecting contradictions. …”
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Performance Evaluation and Implications of Large Language Models in Radiology Board Exams: Prospective Comparative Analysis by Boxiong Wei

“… Abstract BackgroundArtificial intelligence advancements have enabled large language models to significantly impact radiology education and diagnostic accuracy. …”
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LingoTrip: Spatiotemporal context prompt driven large language model for individual trip prediction by Zhenlin Qin, Pengfei Zhang, Leizhen Wang, Zhenliang Ma

Subjects: “…Large Language Models…”
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