Leukocyte activation by (1→3)-β-D glucans by Yoshiyuki Adachi, Mitsuhiro Okazaki, Naohito Ohno, Toshiro Yadomae

“…These data suggest that protein kinase C and tyrosine kinases are essential for signal transduction, and that CR3 might participate in the activation through interaction with other intracellular proteins.…”
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Integrating MAPK pathway inhibition into standard-of-care therapy for pediatric low-grade glioma by Erin E. Crotty, Aimee A. Sato, Aimee A. Sato, Mohamed S. Abdelbaki

“…Inhibitors of the MAPK pathway, primarily MEK and RAF kinase inhibitors, have emerged as effective and tolerable second-line or later therapy for pLGG. …”
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The interventional effect of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharide on atherosclerosis in mice of different sexes by Anjun Guo, Xueying Li, Lihua Pan, Qiangming Li, Jianping Luo, Xueqiang Zha

“…Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) and protein kinase B (Akt) are 3 pivotal signaling pathways mediating the development of atherosclerosis. …”
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PEBP1 amplifies mitochondrial dysfunction-induced integrated stress response by Ling Cheng, Ian Meliala, Yidi Kong, Jingyuan Chen, Christopher G Proud, Mikael Björklund

“…Consistently, overexpression of PEBP1 potentiated ISR activation by heme-regulated inhibitor (HRI) kinase, the principal eIF2α kinase in the mitochondrial ISR pathway. …”
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Heterozygous CDKL5 Knockout Female Mice Are a Valuable Animal Model for CDKL5 Disorder by Claudia Fuchs, Laura Gennaccaro, Stefania Trazzi, Stefano Bastianini, Simone Bettini, Viviana Lo Martire, Elisa Ren, Giorgio Medici, Giovanna Zoccoli, Roberto Rimondini, Elisabetta Ciani

“…Interestingly, Cdkl5 +/− mice show age-related alterations in protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling, two crucial signaling pathways involved in many neurodevelopmental processes. …”
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Nanostructured, Self-Assembling Peptide K5 Blocks TNF-α and PGE2 Production by Suppression of the AP-1/p38 Pathway by Woo Seok Yang, Yung Chul Park, Ji Hye Kim, Hye Ri Kim, Tao Yu, Se Eun Byeon, Larry D. Unsworth, Jaehwi Lee, Jae Youl Cho

“…In agreement with this finding, peptide K5 suppressed the translocation of the transcription factors activator protein (AP-1) and c-Jun and inhibited upstream inflammatory effectors including mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38, and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3/6 (MKK 3/6). …”
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Molecular docking and dynamics studies to identify novel active compounds targeting potential breast cancer receptor proteins from an indigenous herb Euphorbia thymifolia Linn [ver... by ShamaPrasada K, Reshma Kumarchandra, Vasavi Kumblekar, K Sreedhara Ranganath Pai, Suman Manandhar, Sharada Rai, Rajeshwari Shastry

“…Methods ME.ET was subjected to GC-MS analysis to screen the phytoconstituents, and the identified compounds were docked with protein targets such as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1), a serine/threonine kinase-1(AKT1), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), polo-like kinase-1(PLK1), and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK6). …”
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The Role of p38 MAPK in the Aetiopathogenesis of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis by Athanasios Mavropoulos, Eirini I. Rigopoulou, Christos Liaskos, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Lazaros I. Sakkas

“…Emerging data suggest a potential pathogenic role for mitogen activated protein kinases p38 (p38 MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the development of psoriasis. …”
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The Potential of Food Protein-Derived Bioactive Peptides against Chronic Intestinal Inflammation by Wanying Zhu, Liying Ren, Li Zhang, Qinqin Qiao, Muhammad Zahid Farooq, Qingbiao Xu

“…The mechanism, pathways, and future perspectives of BAPs as the potential sources of therapeutic treatments to alleviate intestinal inflammation are provided, including nuclear factor-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription, and peptide transporter 1 (PepT1), finding that PepT1 and gut microbiota are the promising targets for BAPs to alleviate the intestinal inflammation. …”
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Sorafenib-Associated Heart Failure Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock after Treatment of Advanced Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Clinical Case Discussion by Candace Wu, Kamal Shemisa

“…Sorafenib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), targets multiple tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs) involved in angiogenesis and tumor growth. …”
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Three-Axis Model for Atg Recruitment in Autophagy against Salmonella by Takeshi Noda, Shun Kageyama, Naonobu Fujita, Tamotsu Yoshimori

“…The formation of this double membrane requires Atg9L1 and FIP200; these proteins are important for autophagy-specific recruitment of the PI3-kinase complex. In the absence of Atg9L1, FIP200, and PI3-kinase activity, LC3 is still recruited to the vicinity of Salmonella. …”
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The effect of caloric restriction on genetical pathways by Mustafa Fevzi Karagöz, A. Gülçin Sağdıçoğlu Celep

“…The suppression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-/-Akt, and therefore mTOR signal stimulates autophagy and mitophagia, and cleanses damaged cells and organelles. …”
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Inflammation in Diabetic Nephropathy by Andy K. H. Lim, Gregory H. Tesch

“…Lastly, we present the latest data on the pathogenic role of the stress-activated protein kinases in diabetic nephropathy, from studies on the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase and the c-Jun amino terminal kinase cell signalling pathways. …”
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Gastrointestinal stromal tumors by A. P. Seryakov

“…Diagnostics, treatment and outcome at patients with GIST underwent significant changes for last 10 years due to discovering of molecular mechanisms, resulting in development of tumor: activated mutations of KITand PDGFR α-tyrosine kinase. These findings promoted development of tyrosine kinase inhibitor – imatinib which demonstrated essential advantage in terms of survival rate of patients. …”
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Influence of Endogenous Cardiac Glycosides, Digoxin, and Marinobufagenin in the Physiology of Epithelial Cells by Alejandro Ogazon del Toro, Lidia Jimenez, Lorena Hinojosa, Jacqueline Martínez-Rendón, Aida Castillo, Marcelino Cereijido, Arturo Ponce

“…Plus, the fact that the effect of both cardiac glycosides was suppressed by incubation with PP2, an inhibitor of c-Src kinase, PD98059, an inhibitor of mitogen extracellular kinase-1 and Y-27632, a selective inhibitor of ROCK, and a Rho-associated protein kinase, indicate altogether that the signaling pathways involved include c-Src and ERK1/2, as well as Rho-ROCK. …”
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Sdd3 regulates the biofilm formation of Candida albicans via the Rho1-PKC-MAPK pathway by Li Mei Pang, Guisheng Zeng, Eve Wai Ling Chow, Xiaoli Xu, Ning Li, Yee Jiun Kok, Shu Chen Chong, Xuezhi Bi, Jiaxin Gao, Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne, Yue Wang

“…Overexpression of the constitutively active version of the Rho1 GTPase Rho1G18V, an upstream activator of the protein kinase C (PKC)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cell-wall integrity pathway, rescued these defects. …”
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The PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway Mediates the High Glucose-Induced Expression of Extracellular Matrix Molecules in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells by Dong Qin, Guo-ming Zhang, Xun Xu, Li-ya Wang

“…Furthermore, we also detected the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) under high glucose conditions in RPE cells. …”
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Ursodeoxycholic Acid Attenuates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Related Retinal Pericyte Loss in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice by Yoo-Ri Chung, Jeong A. Choi, Jae-Young Koh, Young Hee Yoon

“…Among the UPR markers, those involved in the protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) pathway were increased, while UDCA attenuated UPR in STZ-induced diabetic mice as well as AGE- or mLDL-exposed retinal pericytes in culture. …”
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Zinc Protoporphyrin Upregulates Heme Oxygenase-1 in PC-3 Cells via the Stress Response Pathway by Simon C. M. Kwok

“…Of the various protein kinase inhibitors and antioxidant tested, only Ro 31-8220 abrogated ZnPP-induced HO-1 expression, suggesting that activation of HO-1 gene by ZnPP may involve protein kinase C (PKC). …”
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Crosstalk between Inflammation and ROCK/MLCK Signaling Pathways in Gastrointestinal Disorders with Intestinal Hyperpermeability by Lijun Du, John J. Kim, Jinhua Shen, Ning Dai

“…Emerging studies exploring in vitro and in vivo model system demonstrate that Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase- (ROCK-) and myosin light chain kinase- (MLCK-) mediated pathways are involved in the regulation of intestinal permeability. …”
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