Biodiversity of Lumbricidae Intermedial Hosts of Metastrongylides of Pigs in the Belgrade Area by Ivan Pavlovic, Aleksandra Tasic, Marija Pavlovic, Jovan Bojkovski, Sara Simeunovic, Vesna Karapetkovska-Hristvova, Renata Relić

“…The larvae acquire infectivity only when they eat by earthworms - intermedial host. The seasonal variation of microclimate conditions in the soil has a large part in the life of earthworms, and the inhibitory factors in their seasonal dynamics are directly related to the spread of metastrongylidosis. …”
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ORTHOPTERA (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) OF UZBEKISTAN ARE INTERMEDIATE HOSTS OF FILARIIDS OF BIRDS by F. D. Akramova, M. J. Medetov, U. A. Shakarbaev, D. A. Azimov, K. A. Saparov

“…The role of locusts as new intermediate hosts for these nematode species is experimentally established.…”
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Prediction of the potential global distribution for Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni. by Ya Yang, Wanting Cheng, Xiaoying Wu, Shaoyu Huang, Zhuohui Deng, Xin Zeng, Dongjuan Yuan, Yu Yang, Zhongdao Wu, Yue Chen, Yibiao Zhou, Qingwu Jiang

“…Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni, is native to the southeastern part of South America and has established in other regions of South America, Central America and southern China during the last decades. …”
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Physico-chemical parameters of the habitat of molluscs, intermediate hosts of schistosomes, in Kisangani and its surroundings by KANGANGA John Sapu, Médard Abedi Mwana Kimbulu, TEPUNGIPAME Alliance TAGOTO, Dadi Falay Sadiki, Joris Losimba Likwela, Thierry Bobanga Lengu

“…The distribution of these parasites is linked to the presence of their intermediate hosts, freshwater molluscs. The survival and development of these molluscs are influenced by the physico-chemical conditions of their habitat, including water temperature, pH, conductivity, and oxygen levels. …”
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Correction: Are pangolins the intermediate host of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)? by Ping Liu, Jing-Zhe Jiang, Xiu-Feng Wan, Yan Hua, Linmiao Li, Jiabin Zhou, Xiaohu Wang, Fanghui Hou, Jing Chen, Jiejian Zou, Jinping Chen

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Snail intermediate host occurrence recorded by citizen scientists in rural Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo by Noelia Valderrama-Bhraunxs, Larissa Bonifacio, Julius Tumusiime, Germain Kapour, Daisy Namirembe, Casim Umba-Tolo, Grace Kagoro-Rugunda, Patrick Mitashi-Mulopo, Joule Mandinga, Liesbet Jacobs, Tine Huyse

“…Freshwater snails (Biomphalaria, Bulinus, and Radix spp.) act as intermediate hosts, making their surveillance critical for disease control. …”
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Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Cysticercus tenuicollis Isolated from Some Intermediate Host in Kurdistan-Iraq by Abdullah Ahmed Hama, Rostam Hama Zorab, Fatima Mohammed Ali, Awaz M. Salih, Amer Abdullah Hassan

“…Cysticercus tenuicollis (C. tenuicollis) is the larval stage infection of Taenia hydatigena, a common tapeworm of dogs and other Canidae, which has a wide range of intermediate hosts including sheep, goat, cattle, deer, camel, horse, human and other wild ruminants, the disease spreads through a contaminated water, soil and food with feces of infected dogs or other carnivores, T. hydatigena lives in the intestinal of the definitive host (carnivores) and excretes a huge number of eggs with feces daily. …”
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Schistosoma japonicum complex: COI-sequences variations of parasites and their intermediate hosts analyzed using BLAST by M.L. Nelwan

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Comparative analysis of time-based and quadrat sampling in seasonal population dynamics of intermediate hosts of human schistosomes. by Javier Perez-Saez, Théophile Mande, Dramane Zongo, Andrea Rinaldo

“…<h4>Background</h4>Despite their importance for designing and evaluating schistosomiasis control trials, little attention in the literature has been dedicated to sampling protocols for the parasite's snail intermediate hosts since their first development. We propose a comparative analysis of time-based and quadrat sampling protocols to quantify the seasonal variations in the abundance of these aquatic snail species of medical importance.…”
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Changes in the Prevalence of Natural Paramphistomum Cercariae Infection in Indoplanorbis and Lymnaea Intermediate Hosts Influenced by Meteorological Factors by Naseem Rafiq, Sultan Ayaz, Sadaf Niaz, Sumbal Haleem, Riaz Ullah, Ahmed Bari, Mohammed Bourhia, Essam A. Ali

“…., Planorbis and Lymnaea as the intermediate host and mammals as the definitive host. Snail vector distribution, infection with Paramphistomum spp. cercariae, preferred habitat, and their relationship with certain meteorological factors were not investigated in the province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan. …”
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Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium in Snail Intermediate Hosts in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Tamirat Hailegebriel, Endalkachew Nibret, Abaineh Munshea

“…These schistosome parasites use freshwater snail intermediate hosts to complete their lifecycle. Varied prevalence rates of these parasites in the snail intermediate hosts were reported from several African countries, but there were no summarized data for policymakers. …”
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Development of a spirulina feed effective only for the two larval stages of Schistosoma mansoni, not the intermediate host mollusc by Takashi Kumagai, Masaaki Miyamoto, Yurino Koseki, Yasuyuki Imai, Tomoko Ishino

“…Current strategies largely overlook intermediate host molluscs and infected larvae, which are critical sources of transmission. …”
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Mapping of snail intermediate host habitats reveals variability in schistosome and non-schistosome trematode transmission in an endemic setting by Teckla Angelo, Naima Camilla Starkloff, David James Civitello, Moses Paul Mahalila, Safari Kinung’hi

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Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato control measures: a specific focus on vaccines for both definitive and intermediate hosts by Mehdi Borhani, Saeid Fathi, Majid Fasihi Harandi, Adriano Casulli, Jing Ding, Mingyuan Liu, Wenbao Zhang, Hao Wen

“…Livestock vaccination effectively reduces Echinococcus transmission to sheep, offering a feasible control measure in intermediate hosts. However, vaccine development for the definitive host, i.e. dogs, exhibits significant challenges. …”
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Genetic diversity and population structure of the helminths intermediate host Anentome helena (von dem Busch, 1847) in northern Thailand by Nithinan Chomchoei, Chalobol Wongsawad, Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Nattawadee Nantarat

“…Objective: To investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of the helminth intermediate host, Anentome (A.) helena, populations from northern Thailand and reveal the effect of parasitic infection on snail host populations. …”
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<i>Physella acuta</i> Confirmed as Intermediate Host of <i>Posthodiplostomum</i> sp. from Lake Alqueva, Portugal by Maria Teresa Bispo, Isabel Larguinho Maurício, Pedro Manuel Ferreira, Silvana Belo, Manuela Calado

“…<i>Physella acuta</i> is an invasive freshwater snail with a global distribution and a recognized role as an intermediate host for various trematodes, including <i>Echinostoma</i> spp. and <i>Trichobilharzia physellae</i>. …”
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USING OF AQUATIC EXTRACTS OF SALVIA OFFICINALIS TO CONTROL THE SNAIL BULINUS TRUNCATUS THE INTERMEDIATE HOST OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN IRAQ (PART I) by Mohammed J.L. Al-Obaidi, Ali H. Abbas, Ahmad Yousif Hanoon, Khowla Ibrahim

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Successful control of Echinococcosis in Argentina and Chile through a One Health approach, including vaccination of the sheep intermediate host by Thelma Veronica Poggio, Tomas Chacon, Edmundo Larrieu

“…Vaccination of intermediate hosts has demonstrated the efficacy of the EG95 vaccine in reducing transmission rates. …”
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Laser-based selective killing of a manipulative parasite reveals partial reversibility of phenotypic alterations in its intermediate host by Marie-Jeanne Perrot-Minnot, Frank Cézilly, Olivier Musset

“…Various parasites alter their intermediate hostʼs phenotype in ways that increase parasite transmission to definitive hosts. …”
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Symbiotic bacteria associated with entomopathogenic nematodes showed molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni by Jiranun Ardpairin, Chanakan Subkrasae, Abdulhakam Dumidae, Supawan Pansri, Chanatinat Homkaew, Wipanee Meesil, Tewarat Kumchantuek, Ittipon Phoungpetchara, Adler R. Dillman, Coralie Pavesi, Helge B. Bode, Sarunporn Tandhavanant, Aunchalee Thanwisai, Apichat Vitta

“…Abstract Background Biomphalaria glabrata acts as the intermediate host of schistosomes that causes human schistosomiasis. …”
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