Nutritional and General Awareness of Vitamin D Status among Adult Population in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study by Reder Rafiq Mohammed Salih, Fadhluddin Nasruddin Shakor, Dalia Ardal Ali, Rafiq Mohammed Salih Rashid

“…Nevertheless, more than two-thirds (83.3%) of participants defined the positive role of vitamin D in preventing osteoporosis and immune system strengthening (61%). Furthermore, nutritional awareness among the participants was variable. …”
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Circular RNA encoded by PPARG in the peripheral blood and a lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiomyocyte inflammation model is identified as a marker of fulminant myocarditis by Shasha Huang, Shumin He, Fei Xiao, Yang Zhou, Su Lyu

“…GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the genes encoding the dysregulated circRNAs were associated with various biological functions related to the risk of FM development, including infectious diseases, the immune system, and signal transduction. The high expression of hsa_circ_0064338 (circ_PPARG) was confirmed in both the myocardial cell inflammation model and peripheral blood from a large sample of FM patients. …”
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Сandidate SNP-markers of rheumatoid arthritis that can significantly alter the affinity of the TATA-binding protein for human gene promoters by I. V. Chadaeva, D. A. Rasskazov, E. B. Sharypova, I. A. Drachkova, E. A. Oshchepkova, L. K. Savinkova, P. M. Ponomarenko, M. P. Ponomarenko, N. A. Kolchanov, V. A. Kozlov

“…According to the more powerful female immune system compared to the male one, the risk of developing RA in women is thrice as high, this risk decreases during breastfeeding and grows during pregnancy as well as after menopause in proportion to the level of sex hormones. …”
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Circulating Monocyte and Lymphocyte Populations in Healthy First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetic Patients at Fasting and during Short-Term Hyperinsulinemia by Michaela Šiklová, Eva Krauzová, Barbora Svobodová, Jana Kračmerová, Marek Štěpán, Michal Koc, Vladimír Štich, Lenka Rossmeislová

“…Short-term hyperinsulinemia affected mostly the immune cell populations deregulated in FDR subjects, which suggests important interplay between immune system homeostasis and insulin levels.…”
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Disease resistance traits of IPB-D2 chickens: Characterization of IgY concentrations, Newcastle disease antibody titers, and leukocyte profiles by Dwi Lestari, Sri Murtini, Niken Ulupi, Asep Gunawan, Isyana Khaerunnisa, Anneke Anggraeni, Cece Sumantri

“…Conclusion: IPB-D2 chickens demonstrated a well-balanced immune system with enhanced non-specific (leukocyte and heterophil) and specific (IgY) immune responses. …”
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The Influence of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Spondyloarthritis by Janisleya Silva Ferreira Neves, Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer, Denise Manjurma da Silva Reis, Marco Antonio Rocha Loures, Hugo Vicentin Alves, Fernanda Formaggi Lara-Armi, Josiane Bazzo de Alencar, Joana Maira Valentin Zacarias, Ana Maria Sell

“…Because vitamin D plays an important role in bone metabolism and immune system modulation, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor genes (VDR) in the development of SpA. …”
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Usp11 maintained the survival of marginal zone B cells under ionizing radiation by deubiquitinating DLL1 and JAG2 by Jiaqi Sheng, Depei Wu, Jingzhe Shang, Xiaodan Fu, He Gao, Jianjie Rong, Jun Wang, Jiancheng Hu, Xiaofei Qi

“…In conclusion, Usp11 played a crucial role in modulating immune system damage induced by ionizing radiation, primarily through ubiquitination of Notch ligands. …”
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A novel LC-MS/MS analysis of vitamin D metabolites in mice serum and hair: impact of diet and light exposure by Muhammad K. Hakeem, Asma Al-Menhali, Sampath K. Elangovan, Iltaf Shah

“…IntroductionNumerous physiological systems, such as the functioning of the immune system, bone health, and the regulation of expression of genes, depend critically on vitamin D. …”
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Molecular response to multiple trace element contamination of the European sardine by Beauvieux, Anaïs, Fromentin, Jean-Marc, Saraux, Claire, Romero, Diego, Couffin, Nathan, Brown, Adrien, Metral, Luisa, Bertile, Fabrice, Schull, Quentin

“…In addition, a global upregulation in processes linked to the immune system, lipid homeostasis and oxidative stress was recorded in the liver. …”
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Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis identifies hub genes associated with immune cell infiltration in early-onset schizophrenia by Shasha Wu, Tailian Xue, Yilin Li, Weikang Chen, Yan Ren

“…Functional enrichment analysis using Metascape showed significant enrichment in immune system pathways. Subsequently, a PPI network was constructed to select the top 10 potential hub genes, and functional analysis was performed by GeneMANIA, resulting in the identification of four immune-related genes. …”
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Liver transcriptomics-metabolomics integration reveals biological pathways associated with fetal programming in beef cattle by Guilherme Henrique Gebim Polizel, Simara Larissa Fanalli, Wellison J. S. Diniz, Aline Silva Mello Cesar, Nara Regina Brandão Cônsolo, Heidge Fukumasu, Angela Cánovas, Arícia Christofaro Fernandes, Barbara Carolina Teixeira Prati, Édison Furlan, Gabriela do Vale Pombo, Miguel Henrique de Almeida Santana

“…This study highlights the significant impact of prenatal nutrition on the liver tissue of Nelore bulls, shedding light on critical metabolic pathways and hub components related to energy and protein metabolism, as well as immune system and epigenetics.…”
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Case report: dysgeusia, strawberry tongue, and psoriatic eruptions after combination treatment with adalimumab, sulfasalazine, and etoricoxib for ankylosing spondylitis by Binglin Cui, Jing Lin, Yuanchun Huang, Huachen Zhu, Huachen Zhu, Huachen Zhu, Jinbo Zou, Jiesheng Qin, Hui Pan, Hui Pan, Jian Chen

“…BackgroundTumor necrosis factor blockers can suppress immune system and lead to various adverse drug reactions, including deaths. …”
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Synthetic peptides as valuable and versatile tools for research: our 20 year journey in Chile by Constanza Cárdenas, Paula Santana, Claudio Álvarez, Luis Mercado, Sergio Marshall, Fernando Albericio, Fanny Guzmán

“…They are ubiquitous across the evolutionary scale, fulfilling a wide variety of functions, from immune system effectors in simple organisms to signaling or neuromodulating agents in high vertebrates. …”
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Evaluation of the Level of Salivary sHLA-G in Children Aged 3–5 Years with or without Dental Caries by Mansoureh Bijani, Amrollah Mostafazadeh, Mina Motallebnejad, Ali Bijani, Roghiyeh Pourbagher, Samaneh Gharekhani

“…As dental caries is a bacterial infectious disease, the host immune system parameters including soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA-G) are essential factors in estimating dental caries. …”
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Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein (BPI), a Novel Antimicrobial Molecule in Human Breast Milk with Immune Potential by Alba Soledad Aquino-Domínguez, María de los Ángeles Romero-Tlalolini, Honorio Torres-Aguilar, Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Alba, Lucia Lourdes Martínez-Martínez, Francisco Javier Sánchez-Peña, María Teresa Hernández-Huerta, Jesús Elizarrarás-Rivas, Gabriela Tapia-Pastrana, Melisa Gómez-López, Elsa Cruz-Martínez, Uriel Eleazar Hernández-Corrales, Sergio Roberto Aguilar-Ruiz

“…Breast milk is a fluid of vital importance during the first stages of life of the newborn since, in addition to providing nutrients, it also contains cells and molecules of the immune system, which protect the neonate from infection and, at the same time, modulate the establishment of the microbiota. …”
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Association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances with gout risk: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007–2018 data emphasizing mixture effects by Haixin Feng, Siran Li, Shiqing Huang, Linxi He, Ruihao Huang, Renhuizi Wei, Xin Peng, Haiyi Yan, Chongxiang Xiong, Bingsong Zhang

“…It is more likely to accumulate and express toxicity in the reproductive organs, liver, and immune system compared to PFOS and PFOA. Multivariate logistic regression and weighted quantile sum regression were used to assess individual and mixture effects. …”
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Subclinical Inflammatory Status in Rett Syndrome by Alessio Cortelazzo, Claudio De Felice, Roberto Guerranti, Cinzia Signorini, Silvia Leoncini, Alessandra Pecorelli, Gloria Zollo, Claudia Landi, Giuseppe Valacchi, Lucia Ciccoli, Luca Bini, Joussef Hayek

“…The 2-DE analysis identified significant changes for a total of 17 proteins, the majority of which were categorized as APR proteins, either positive (n=6 spots) or negative (n=9 spots), and to a lesser extent as proteins involved in the immune system (n=2 spots), with some proteins having overlapping functions on metabolism (n=7 spots). …”
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Effect of diet containing alfalfa (Medicago sativa) powder and leaf extract on hemolymph factors of western whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under low salinity stress by Kobra Babanejad Abkenar, Arash Akbarzadeh, Ahmad Noori, Mohammad Niroomand

“…Conclusion: This study demonstrates that alfalfa leaf powder and extract positively impact shrimp's survival and immune system function under low salinity stress.…”
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Dual Role of α-MSH in Colitis Progression: Mediating Neutrophil Differentiation via Bone Marrow by Liao X, Liu H, Li Y, Zhang W, Dai Q, Wei H, Zhou J, Xie X, Zhou H

“…Recent studies on the brain-gut axis suggest that the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA), may play a crucial role in modulating the immune system and influencing disease progression. However, the specific role and mechanism of the HPA in IBD pathogenesis remain unclear. …”
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Transcriptomics analysis reveals potential mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction and T cell exhaustion in astronauts’ blood cells in space by Maria Moreno-Villanueva, Maria Moreno-Villanueva, Luis E. Jimenez-Chavez, Luis E. Jimenez-Chavez, Stephanie Krieger, Liang-Hao Ding, Ye Zhang, Adriana Babiak-Vazquez, Mark Berres, Sandra Splinter, Kristen E. Pauken, Brian C. Schaefer, Brian E. Crucian, Honglu Wu

“…IntroductionThe impact of spaceflight on the immune system and mitochondria has been investigated for decades. …”
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