Effect of plasma free fatty acids on lung function in male COPD patients by Rostam Yazdani, Hossein Fallah, Shirin Yazdani, Beydolah Shahouzehi, Behnaz Danesh

“…Free fatty acids (FFA) as signaling molecules through a series of G-proteins coupled receptors, play an important role in regulation of the immune system and oxidative stress. For this reason, we decided to investigate the profile of FFA in the plasma in the COPD patients. …”
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Brief review of pathophysiological disorders as consequence of psychological stress by Francisco López-Naranjo, Rebeca Córdova-Moreno, Ivo Heyerdahl-Viau

“…Changes at the immune level lead to an increase in inflammatory responses but a decrease in the protective activities of the immune system. Finally, cardiovascular conditions include atherosclerosis, increased blood pressure and stroke. …”
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Upregulation of Soluble HLA-G in Chronic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction by Line Lisbeth Olesen, Thomas Vauvert F. Hviid

“…Biomarkers may help to diagnose LVSD and give insight into the pathophysiology. The immune system is activated in LVSD, and the immunomodulatory molecule human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) may be involved. …”
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Serum Calprotectin: A Potential Biomarker for Neonatal Sepsis by Lidia Decembrino, Mara De Amici, Margherita Pozzi, Annalisa De Silvestri, Mauro Stronati

“…Calprotectin may be considered a promising early, sensitive, specific marker of sepsis thanks to the importance of calprotectin in defense mechanisms and physiological functions of the immune system.…”
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Signaling Pathway of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Containing Protein 1 and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Regulating the Gut Microbiota of Individuals with Gallston... by Sanjana Murali, Nandini Krishnamurthy, R. B. Devi Krishna, Shanthi Vijayaraghavan, S. Rajesh Kumar, Andrea Mary Francis

“…The essential receptor through which the innate immune system detects bacterial components and controls inflammation, namely, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1), is a major participant in the interaction. …”
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Modulation of Immunity by Antiangiogenic Molecules in Cancer by Magali Terme, Orianne Colussi, Elie Marcheteau, Corinne Tanchot, Eric Tartour, Julien Taieb

“…Some antiangiogenic molecules inhibit the development of immunosuppressive mechanisms developed by the tumors to escape the immune system (such as regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and immunosuppressive cytokines). …”
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Probiotics in the Management of Atopic Dermatitis for Children: A Case-Based Review by Ashila Putri Disamantiaji, Endang Farihatul Izza, Muhamad Faza Soelaeman, Tannia Sembiring, Melva Louisa

“…Given the ability of commensal and symbiotic microorganisms in modulating the immune system, probiotics administration has been studied in previous research in the management of eczema. …”
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Peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-5 is involved in immune defence and neuro-behavioral disorders in zebrafish embryos. by Xi Li, Guanghua Xiong, Manni Luo, Siwan Mao, Ruiying Zhang, Ziwei Meng, Juan Li, Xinjun Liao

“…Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are the evolutionarily highly conserved class of pattern recognition receptors, however, their functions on the innate immune system and neuro-inflammatory response in aquatic organism are still poorly understood. …”
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Whole exome analysis of primary immunodeficiency by E. S. Rahmani, Н. Azarpara, M. Karimipoor, Н. Rahimi

“…The human primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) refer to a rare heterogeneous group of single-gene inherited disorders causing malfunctions in the immune system, and thus the affected patients have a predisposition to severe life-threatening infections. …”
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Effect of amniotic fluid on hair follicle growth by Gamze Tumentemur, Elif Ganime Aygun, Bulut Yurtsever, Didem Cakirsoy, Ercument Ovali

“…This study aims to evaluate the effects of human amniotic fluid (hAF) on hair follicle (HF) regeneration and immune system modulation.Materials and Methods: The hAF used was pooled, acellular, and gamma-irradiated to standardize its contents and enhance its stability. …”
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Harnessing nanoparticles for reshaping tumor immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma by JinSong Li, GuanBo Zhang, Gang Li, Jie Zhang, Zhi Yang, Lin Yang, ShiJie Jiang, JiaXing Wang

“…This approach harnesses the body's immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells, potentially resulting in durable antitumor responses. …”
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Initial Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: Innate Immune Response by Norma Y. Hernández-Pedro, Guillermo Espinosa-Ramirez, Verónica Pérez de la Cruz, Benjamín Pineda, Julio Sotelo

“…In the present review, we focus on the role of the innate immune system, the first line of defense of the organism, as promoter and mediator of cross reactions that generate molecular mimicry triggering the inflammatory response through an adaptive cytotoxic response in MS.…”
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Three-Dimensional Bioreactor Technologies for the Cocultivation of Human Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Beta Cells by Florian Petry, Tobias Weidner, Peter Czermak, Denise Salzig

“…Beta cells suffer from hypoxia, undergo apoptosis, or are attacked by the host immune system. Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) can improve the functionality and survival of beta cells in vivo and in vitro due to direct cell contact or the secretion of trophic factors. …”
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Occurrence of Fungi and Mycotoxins in Fish Feeds and Their Impact on Fish Health by Esther Marijani, Emmanuel Kigadye, Sheila Okoth

“…The outcomes of mycotoxin contamination in fish feeds are not different from other animal species intended for human consumption, and they are directly associated with production losses, particularly decreased weight gain and feed conversion, impaired immune system and reproductive performance, and increased fish mortality. …”
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Exosomes in Ocular Health: Recent Insights into Pathology, Diagnostic Applications and Therapeutic Functions by Noelia Blanco-Agudín, Suhui Ye, Sara González-Fernández, Ignacio Alcalde, Jesús Merayo-Lloves, Luis M. Quirós

“…In the context of ocular physiology, exosomes play a very important role in embryological development, the regulation of homeostasis and the immune system, which is crucial for normal vision. Consequently, in pathological situations, exosomes also undergo modifications in terms of quantity, composition and content, depending on the etiology of the disease. …”
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Diabetes Is Associated with Increased Autoreactivity of Mannan-Binding Lectin by Esben Axelgaard, Jakob Appel Østergaard, Steffen Thiel, Troels Krarup Hansen

“…MBL is a pattern-recognition molecule of the innate immune system that initiates the lectin pathway of the complement system upon recognition of evolutionary conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns or to altered self-tissue. …”
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MicroRNA-155: Regulation of Immune Cells in Sepsis by Ming Chen, Fuquan Wang, Haifa Xia, Shanglong Yao

“…MicroRNAs are widely expressed in various hematopoietic cells and are involved in regulating the immune system. In this review, we summarized how miR-155 modulates specific immune cells and the regulatory role of miR-155 in sepsis. miR-155 is expressed by different populations of innate and adaptive immune cells and is involved in the regulation of development, proliferation, and function in these cells. …”
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Exclusive Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Sarcoidal Granulomatous Inflammation due to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Report of Two Cases with Unusual Manifestations and Review of the Lit... by Narciss Mobini, Rummit Dhillon, Jason Dickey, Jordan Spoon, Kaviyon Sadrolashrafi

“…Recent emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized the treatment of cancers and produced prolonged response by boosting the immune system against tumor cells. The primary target antigens are cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4), a downregulator of T-cell activation, and programmed cell death-1 receptor (PD-1), a regulator of T-cell proliferation. …”
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Microbial Changes in Subgingival Plaque and Polymicrobial Intracellular Flora in Buccal Cells after Fixed Orthodontic Appliance Therapy: A Preliminary Study by Caterina Montaldo, Matteo Erriu, Francesca Maria Giovanna Pili, Carla Peluffo, Annalisa Nucaro, Germano Orrù, Gloria Denotti

“…The oral ecosystem is strictly related to a balance maintained by specific niches recognized as sites, where oral bacteria can metabolize avoiding the immune system response. The oral bacteria species that colonize the ecological niches vary during fixed orthodontic treatment, with a prevalence of periodontal bacterial species. …”
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Immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases by Ye. A. Konovich, I. L. Khalif, M. V. Shapina

“…Investigations of experimental enterocolites and human IBD confirm immunologic hypothesis of pathogenesis: relation of their development to defects of innate and adaptive immune system.…”
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