Klebsiella pneumoniae Biofilms and Their Role in Disease Pathogenesis by Maria Eduarda Souza Guerra, Giulia Destro, Brenda Vieira, Alice S. Lima, Lucio Fabio Caldas Ferraz, Anders P. Hakansson, Michelle Darrieux, Thiago Rojas Converso

“…Bacteria in the biofilm are shielded from immune responses and antibiotics. The present review discusses the characteristics of K. pneumoniae biofilms, factors affecting biofilm development, and their contribution to infections. …”
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Gene Therapy Approaches by Ahmed Jumaa Ahmed, Hogir Saadi

“…Non-viral vectors are much less successful than viral vectors, but because of their low immune responses and their broad therapeutic DNA ability, they have advantages. …”
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Mechanism of modified mRNA structure in COVID-19 vaccines for inducing neutralizing antibodies by Sabighoh Zanjabila, Beti Ernawati Dewi

“…These vaccines also stimulate adaptive immune responses by activating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, with mRNA functioning as an endogenous antigen. …”
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Rheumatoid arthritis associated cytokines and therapeutics modulate immune checkpoint receptor expression on T cells by Dana Emerson, Eve Merriman, Pia P. Yachi

“…In addition, SOC RA therapeutics such as glucocorticoids and TNF inhibitors modulated IR and cytokine expression in the presence of RA synovial fluid.ConclusionsThis study points to an important and intricate relationship between cytokines and IRs in shaping immune responses in autoimmune pathology. The modulation of IR expression by RA-associated cytokines and SOC therapeutics provides new insights for the use of targeted treatments in managing RA pathology.…”
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Do PPAR-Gamma Agonists Have a Future in Parkinson's Disease Therapy? by Anna R. Carta, Augusta Pisanu, Ezio Carboni

“…PPAR-γ are highly expressed in cells of both central and peripheral immune systems, playing a pivotal role in microglial activation as well as in monocytes and T cells differentiation, in which they act as key regulators of immune responses. Here, we review preclinical evidences of PPAR-γ-induced neuroprotection in experimental PD models and highlight relative anti-inflammatory mechanisms involving either central or peripheral immunomodulatory activity. …”
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The Role of IL-33 in Gut Mucosal Inflammation by Luca Pastorelli, Carlo De Salvo, Maurizio Vecchi, Theresa T. Pizarro

“…Interleukin (IL)-33 is a recently identified cytokine belonging to the IL-1 family that is widely expressed throughout the body and has the ability to induce Th2 immune responses. In addition, IL-33 plays a key role in promoting host defenses against parasites through the expansion of a novel population of innate lymphoid cells. …”
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Role of Farnesoid X Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases by Jin-nan Wu, Jian-rong Chen, Jin-liang Chen

“…For example, FXR can regulate the tumor microenvironment by regulating the balance of inflammatory and immune responses in the body to promote the occurrence and development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), thereby being considered a potential target for immunotherapy of NSCLC. …”
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Sample Aging Profoundly Reduces Monocyte Responses in Human Whole Blood Cultures by H. W. Grievink, M. Moerland

“…These results underline the importance of quick sample handling when investigating innate immune responses in whole blood, especially for monocyte responses.…”
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Analysis of Fractional Order Mathematical Model of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Gene-Based Therapy by Mohammad Imam Utoyo, Windarto, Aminatus Sa’adah

“…This therapy protects target cells from infections or specifying technic and immune responses to face virus by using genetically modified HSCs. …”
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Effects of Dietary Pediococcus acidilactici and Isomaltooligosaccharide on Growth Performance, Immunity, and Antioxidant Defense in Juvenile Common Carp by Milad Maniat, Amir Parviz Salati, Nasim Zanguee, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar

“…Overall, blood biochemical parameters, serum (lysozyme, complements C3 and C4) and mucosal (protein, total immunoglobulin, and lysozyme) immune responses, and antioxidant defense of fish also improved in the PA-IMO5 group (p<0.05). …”
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Discrimination of Anti-Donor Response in Allogeneic Transplantation Using an Alloreactive T-Cell Detection Assay by Ryosuke Arata, Naoki Tanimine, Akhmet Seidakhmetov, Kentaro Ide, Yuka Tanaka, Hideki Ohdan

“…These findings offer a promising tool to elucidate immune responses post-transplantation.…”
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Key Cell Types and Biomarkers in Heart Failure Identified through Analysis of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Data by Ying Kong, Ning Yang, Zhiqing Luo, Ruiting Huang, Quhuan Li

“…Additionally, differential analysis of myeloid cells revealed crosstalk between cellular communication and cytokine-regulated immune responses in HF, with the MIF pathway emerging as a crucial immune regulatory pathway. …”
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Role of T Regulatory Cells and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in COVID-19 by Alhasan Alsalman, Mohammad A. Al-Mterin, Eyad Elkord

“…At early stages of COVID-19, Tregs have a critical role in decreasing antiviral immune responses, and consequently reducing the viral clearance. …”
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Tolerogenic Splenic IDO+ Dendritic Cells from the Mice Treated with Induced-Treg Cells Suppress Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Jie Yang, Yiming Yang, Huahua Fan, Hejian Zou

“…However, the mechanisms whereby transferred iTregs suppress immune responses, particularly the interplay between iTregs and dendritic cells (DCs) in vivo, remain incompletely understood. …”
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Inflammasomes, Autophagy, and Cell Death: The Trinity of Innate Host Defense against Intracellular Bacteria by Teresa Krakauer

“…Contrasting evasion strategies used by B. pseudomallei, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Legionella pneumophila to avoid and dampen these innate immune responses will be discussed.…”
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Efficacy of melatonin treatment in a cystic fibrosis mouse model of airway infection by Kristen R. Schaefer, Sara Rogers, Zachary Faber, Thomas J. Kelley

“…Abstract Approaches to mitigate the severity of infections and of immune responses are still needed for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) even with the success of highly effective modulator therapies. …”
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Regenerative properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes in rotator cuff tears by Junjie Chen, Zihe Wang, Ming Yi, Yi Yang, Mengzhao Tian, Yinqi Liu, Guoyou Wang, Huarui Shen

“…As a result, the healing process of rotator cuff injuries faces significant challenges.Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (BMSC-exos) have emerged as a prominent focus of research within the field of bioengineering, owing to their remarkable potential to regulate cellular proliferation and differentiation, modulate immune responses, and facilitate tissue repair and regeneration following cellular damage. …”
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The “Trojan Horse” Approach to Tumor Immunotherapy: Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment by Delia Nelson, Scott Fisher, Bruce Robinson

“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that intratumoural therapy has the capacity to minimizing local suppression, inducing sufficient “dangerous” tumor cell death to cross-prime strong immune responses, and rending tumor blood vessels amenable to immune cell traffic to induce effector cell changes in secondary lymphoid organs. …”
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Immunological Consequences of Antihelminthic Treatment in Preschool Children Exposed to Urogenital Schistosome Infection by Nadine Rujeni, Norman Nausch, Nicholas Midzi, Graeme J. Cowan, Richard Burchmore, David R. Cavanagh, David W. Taylor, Takafira Mduluza, Francisca Mutapi

“…In light of studies in older individuals showing that praziquantel alters antischistosome immune responses and responses to bystander antigens, this study aims to investigate how these responses would be affected by treatment at this young age. …”
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Dendritic Cells from Aged Subjects Display Enhanced Inflammatory Responses to Chlamydophila pneumoniae by Sangeetha Prakash, Sudhanshu Agrawal, Dandan Ma, Sudhir Gupta, Ellena M. Peterson, Anshu Agrawal

“…Dendritic cells (DCs) are the initiators and regulators of immune responses. Therefore, we investigated the role of DCs in the age-associated increased CPn infection in vitro in humans. …”
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