The Role of “Mixed” Orexigenic and Anorexigenic Signals and Autoantibodies Reacting with Appetite-Regulating Neuropeptides and Peptides of the Adipose Tissue-Gut-Brain Axis: Releva... by Kvido Smitka, Hana Papezova, Karel Vondra, Martin Hill, Vojtech Hainer, Jara Nedvidkova

“…The gut-brain-adipose tissue (AT) peptides and neutralizing autoantibodies play an important role in the regulation of eating behavior and growth hormone release. The mechanisms for controlling food intake involve an interplay between gut, brain, and AT. …”
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Muscular Dystrophies at Different Ages: Metabolic and Endocrine Alterations by Oriana del Rocío Cruz Guzmán, Ana Laura Chávez García, Maricela Rodríguez-Cruz

“…In addition, endocrine disturbances such as hypogonadism, low levels of testosterone, and growth hormone have been reported. This eventually will result in consequences such as growth failure and delayed puberty in the case of childhood dystrophies. …”
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Short Stature Homeobox-Containing Haploinsufficiency in Seven Siblings with Short Stature by Elizabeth S. Sandberg, Ali S. Calikoglu, Karen J. Loechner, Lydia L. Snyder

“…Six out of nine other siblings were later found to also be heterozygous for the same mutation. Growth hormone was initiated in all seven siblings upon diagnosis and they have demonstrated improved height SDS.…”
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Traumatic Brain Injury and Hypopituitarism by Gianluca Aimaretti, Ezio Ghigo

“…Gonadal and recombinant human Growth Hormone (rhGH) replacement therapy should also be introduced if there are deficiencies demonstrated and even reconfirmed in a second step. …”
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Assessment of Tools for Marker-Assisted Selection in a Marine Commercial Species: Significant Association between MSTN-1 Gene Polymorphism and Growth Traits by Irma Sánchez-Ramos, Ismael Cross, Jaroslav Mácha, Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez, Vladimir Krylov, Laureana Rebordinos

“…Polymorphisms have been studied in five candidate genes influencing growth in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata): the growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), myostatin (MSTN-1), prolactin (PRL), and somatolactin (SL) genes. …”
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Anabolic androgenic steroids intake and its impact on male reproductive system - systematic review by Maja Mielczarek, Paulina Sroczyńska, Jan Sroczyński, Julia Lachowska, Karolina Senior, Jerzy Smandek

“…AAS bind to androgen receptors, promoting muscle growth by increasing protein synthesis and promoting the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis. AAS are commonly administered via intramuscular injection or oral ingestion. …”
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Ghrelin Protects against Dexamethasone-Induced INS-1 Cell Apoptosis via ERK and p38MAPK Signaling by Chengshuo Zhang, Le Li, Bochao Zhao, Ao Jiao, Xin Li, Ning Sun, Jialin Zhang

“…The protective effect of ghrelin against dexamethasone-induced INS-1 cell apoptosis was mediated via growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a. Further studies revealed that ghrelin increased ERK activation and decreased p38MAPK expression after dexamethasone treatment. …”
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Radiotherapy-induced Hypothalamic-Pituitary axis dysfunction in adult Brain, head and neck and skull base tumor patients – A systematic review and Meta-Analysis by J.M.J. Paulissen, C.M.L. Zegers, R.M. Houben, D. Hofstede, M. Kars, H.M. van Santen, F.J.P. Hoebers, D.K.M. De Ruysscher, D.B.P. Eekers

“…Besides clinical and treatment variables, reported insufficiencies for adrenocorticotrophic hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, growth hormone, prolactin and follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone and for insufficiency of any axis were extracted. …”
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Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of cushing disease in a 12-year-old boy. Case report by Agim Gjikopulli, Sonila Tomori, Marjeta Tanka, Donjeta Bali

“…Left hemi-hypophysectomy was performed using gamma knife therapy, resulting in effective normalization of hypercortisolism, but with the side effect of growth hormone deficiency. …”
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Proposed reference intervals of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in older Japanese populations by Tsuyoshi Isojima, Akira Shimatsu

“…Measurements of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels are useful surrogate markers for the diagnosis and management of patients with growth hormone-related disorders. We have previously published normative data of serum IGF-1 levels for the Japanese population aged 0–77 years by combining and analyzing previously reported references, which were separately and independently constructed, to properly reflect data in the transition period. …”
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Pituitary Stalk Germ Cell Tumors: Retrospective Case Series and Literature Review by Han Chen, Ming Ni, Yun Xu, Li-Yong Zhong

“…Central diabetes insipidus remained in all survivors, and four (40%) of them had concomitant partial anterior pituitary hormone deficiency, primarily of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1. The causes of the delayed diagnosis of previous studies were mainly negative tumor markers and the initial pathological diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. …”
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The Association of Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type Ia with Chiari Malformation Type I: A Coincidence or a Common Link? by Paria Kashani, Madan Roy, Linda Gillis, Olufemi Ajani, M. Constantine Samaan

“…Recently, he was diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency. This case suggests the potential association of CM-I with PHP-Ia. …”
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Neuroendocrine Alterations in Obese Patients with Sleep Apnea Syndrome by Fabio Lanfranco, Giovanna Motta, Marco Alessandro Minetto, Matteo Baldi, Marcella Balbo, Ezio Ghigo, Emanuela Arvat, Mauro Maccario

“…Obese patients with OSAS show a reduction of both spontaneous and stimulated growth hormone (GH) secretion coupled to reduced insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations and impaired peripheral sensitivity to GH. …”
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Application of Next-Generation Sequencing Technology Based on Single Gene Locus in Species Identification of Mixed Meat Products by Xinmei Liu, Zhiyang Liu, Yiyu Cheng, Haijing Wu, Wei Shen, Yan Liu, Qiushi Feng, Jun Yang

“…The primers designed from mitochondrial 16S rRNA and nuclear genome gene (growth hormone receptor, GHR), respectively, were used to detect these meats. …”
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Stress Hyperglycemia, Insulin Treatment, and Innate Immune Cells by Fangming Xiu, Mile Stanojcic, Li Diao, Marc G. Jeschke

“…Hyperglycemia (HG) and insulin resistance are the hallmarks of a profoundly altered metabolism in critical illness resulting from the release of cortisol, catecholamines, and cytokines, as well as glucagon and growth hormone. Recent studies have proposed a fundamental role of the immune system towards the development of insulin resistance in traumatic patients. …”
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Endocrinopathies after Allogeneic and Autologous Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells by Francesco Orio, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Stefano Palomba, Bianca Serio, Mariarosaria Sessa, Valentina Giudice, Idalucia Ferrara, Libuse Tauchmanovà, Annamaria Colao, Carmine Selleri

“…Dysfunctions of the hypothalamus-pituitary-growth hormone/insulin growth factor-I axis, hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis were documented as later complicances, occurring in about 10, 30, and 40–50% of transplanted patients, respectively. …”
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Transient Neonatal Zinc Deficiency Caused by a Heterozygous G87R Mutation in the Zinc Transporter ZnT-2 (SLC30A2) Gene in the Mother Highlighting the Importance of Zn2+ for Normal... by Maria Consolata Miletta, Andreas Bieri, Kristin Kernland, Martin H. Schöni, Vibor Petkovic, Christa E. Flück, Andrée Eblé, Primus E. Mullis

“…Thus the coordinated action of both is essential for the maintenance of Zn2+ homeostasis in the cytoplasm, and accumulating evidence suggests that this is also true for the secretory pathway of growth hormone.…”
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Differential Fasting Plasma Glucose and Ketone Body Levels in GHRKO versus 3xTg-AD Mice: A Potential Contributor to Aging-Related Cognitive Status? by Chelsea M. Griffith, Lauren N. Macklin, Andrzej Bartke, Peter R. Patrylo

“…Since the majority of brain nutrients come from the periphery, this study examined whether the capacity to regulate peripheral glucose levels and KB production differs in animals with successful cognitive aging (growth hormone receptor knockouts, GHRKOs) versus unsuccessful cognitive aging (the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease). …”
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SOCS2 inhibits the tumorigenesis of GISTs and increases the sensitivity of GISTs to imatinib by suppression of KIT activation by Liangying Zhang, Kun Xiao, Shaoting Zhang, Sien Zhao, Zimei Liu, Ming Wang, Kaiyue Qin, Yuanyuan Yu, Shujing Li, Lijun Ma, Jianmin Sun

“…Abstract The suppressors of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) inhibits growth hormone receptor (GHR) signaling by negative feedback in the regulation of metabolism. …”
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24-epibrassinolide regulates oxytetracycline-induced phytotoxicity and its detoxification mechanism by Suya Chen, Shanshan Zhou, Xuan Xuan, Lili Niu, Lu Zhao, Jingjie Guo, Dongmei Xu

“…Conversely, 24-epibrassinolide (EBL), a plant growth hormone, mitigates the toxic effects of various pollutants on plants. …”
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