Sarcoid of the Upper Humerus Found Incidentally on MR Images Obtained for Work-Up of Rotator Cuff Tear Where Compromised Tissue Quality Was a Concern for Surgical Success by Tanner R. Henrie, John G. Skedros

“…Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic systemic inflammatory disorder characterized histologically by noncaseating granulomas. The pathogenesis likely includes genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. …”
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A Case of Histoplasma capsulatum Causing Granulomatous Liver Disease and Addisonian Crisis by P Wong, S Houston, B Power, E Lalor, VG Bain

“…A 56-year-old man with persistently elevated liver enzyme levels, fatigue, lethargy and a 9.0 kg weight loss over six months underwent a percutaneous liver biopsy that demonstrated multiple granulomas. Screening serologies were positive for histoplasmosis, and he was started on itraconazole treatment. …”
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A Challenging Case of Oral Ulcers and Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Crohn’s or Behçet’s Disease by Marina A. S. Dantas, Ana Luiza Graneiro, Rodrigo Cavalcante, Lina Maria Felipez

“…Buccal biopsies showed no granulomas, and the ophthalmologic exam was normal. …”
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Macrophage MST1 protects against schistosomiasis-induced liver fibrosis by promoting the PPARγ-CD36 pathway and suppressing NF-κB signaling. by Jianyang Li, Xinyuan Cai, Yan Yang, Yulin Mao, Lin Ding, Qian Xue, Xunhao Hu, Yan Huang, Cong Sui, Yuxia Zhang

“…Schistosomiasis is characterized by egg-induced hepatic granulomas and subsequent fibrosis. Monocyte-derived macrophages play critical and plastic roles in the progression and regression of liver fibrosis, adopting different polarization phenotypes. …”
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Sarcoidosis vs. Colon Cancer Metastasis: Diagnostic Dilemma and the Role of PET Scan in Monitoring Disease Activity by Raai Mahmood, Kadhim Al Banaa, Israa Ibrahim, Ahmed Hashim, Luis Torregrosa

“…Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by “noncaseating granulomas.” It primarily affects the lungs, but multiple other organs can be involved. …”
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A Rare Manifestation of Tuberculosis Presenting in the United States by Osman Bhatty, David Waters, Nicholas Wilka, Shradha Samuel, John Horne, Renuga Vivekanandan

“…Initial biopsy revealed granulomas, but Ziehl-Neelsen and Gram stain were negative for TB so antibiotics were prescribed for abscess until culture came positive for tuberculosis. …”
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A Case of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis With Multiple Endobronchial Polypoid Structures and Partial Airway Obstruction by Nagihan Orhun MD, Utku Ekin MD, Islam Rajab MD, Jessimar Sanchez MD, Arham Hazari MD, Mourad Ismail MD

“…The diagnosis was confirmed through bronchoscopy and biopsy, revealing non-caseating granulomas. Treatment with corticosteroids led to significant clinical improvement. …”
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A Mutation in IL4RA Is Associated with the Degree of Pathology in Human TB Patients by Christoph Hölscher, Lisa Heitmann, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Rolf D. Horstmann, Christian G. Meyer, Stefan Ehlers, Thorsten Thye

“…We have recently shown IL-13 overexpression in mice to cause recrudescent Mtb replication and centrally necrotizing granulomas strongly resembling pathology of human TB. …”
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Granulomatous Hepatitis in Association with Fever and a Palmar Rash by Desmond J Leddin, James A Barrowman

“…Secondary syphilis may present in association with granulomatous hepatitis and serological testing should be performed if the etiology of the hepatic granulomas is unclear. While the finding of a disproportionate elevation of alkaline phosphatase relative to serum bilirubin may be a useful pointer towards the diagnosis this pattern is not specific and not consistently observed. …”
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Crohn’s Disease Diagnosed in a Man with Sarcoidosis: Coincidence or Correspondence? by Krystal Mills, Shaheen Fatima, Norberto Fas

“…Crohn’s disease and sarcoidosis are characterized by noncaseating granulomas, but rarely do they present in the same patient. …”
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H. capsulatum: A Not-So-Benign Cause of Pericarditis by Paolo K. Soriano, Muhammad Iqbal, Shakthishri Kandaswamy, Sami Akram, Abhishek Kulkarni, Tamer Hudali

“…We present a patient with pericarditis who was unresponsive to first-line therapy and was subsequently found to have necrotizing granulomas of the pericardium with extensive adhesions and fungal elements seen on tissue biopsy. …”
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Extensive Sclerosing Mesenteritis of the Rectosigmoid Colon Associated with Erosive Colitis by C. Nobili, L. Degrate, R. Caprotti, C. Franciosi, B. E. Leone, F. Romano, M. Dinelli, Fr. Uggeri

“…Histological examination showed extended fibrosis, inflammatory cells infiltration, lipophages, and granulomas within the mesenteric adipose tissue associated with erosive colitis. …”
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Cutaneous sarcoidosis. A case report by Elizabet Fernández López, Adialys Acosta Rodríguez, Daymí Martínez Rodríguez, Caridad Socorro Castro

“…Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause, with a higher prevalence in females, between 20 and 40 years of age; characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in different organs. Exclusive skin involvement is rare, as it is described in only 4-5% of patients, since skin lesions may appear before or after systemic involvement, or coincide with it. …”
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Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Crohn's Disease by Hugh J Freeman

“…In addition , microbiologic studies may be important to exclude infectious causes, especially of granulomas. If these studies are negative, prolonged follow-up may be required to establish a diagnosis of Crohn's disease. …”
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Sarcoidosis and Its Splenic Wonder: A Rare Case of Isolated Splenic Sarcoidosis by Khushali Jhaveri, Abhay Vakil, Salim R. Surani

“…Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology characterized by presence of noncaseating granulomas in the involved organs. The pulmonary interstitium is most commonly affected but extrapulmonary involvement can occur in almost any other organ system. …”
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Acute Adrenal Insufficiency Associated with Tuberculous Vertebral Osteomyelitis and Lymphadenopathy: Case Report by Inan Anaforoglu, Ekrem Algün, Ömer Inceçayir, Çigdem Siviloglu, Ismail Caymaz

“…Biopsy of a hypoechoic, enlarged, inguinal lymph node showed caseating granulomas. Lumbar MRI showed vertebral body height loss and abnormal signal in L1 and L2; vertebral biopsy showed chronic, necrotic, caseating granulomatous inflammation consistent with tuberculous osteomyelitis. …”
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Bilateral Facial Palsy in Rapidly Progressive Course of Wegener’s Granulomatosis: A Case Report by Anna Roszkowska, Monika Morawska-Kochman, Hanna Temporale, Małgorzata Sikorska-Żuk, Tomasz Kręcicki

“…Wegener’s granulomatosis belongs to a group of systemic vasculitis diseases, which is characterized by necrotizing vasculitis and presence of granulomas. In a lot of cases, the first symptoms of the disease are observed in the head and neck region, but the bilateral facial nerve palsy occurs very rarely. …”
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A case report: Endobronchial ultrasound guided biopsy of radiographically normal size thoracic lymph nodes supporting diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis by Jee Young You, Manuel L. Ribeiro Neto

“…EBUS TBNA of radiographically normal appearing lymph nodes showed non-necrotizing granulomas. Given challenges of diagnosing CS, EBUS TBNA can be considered even in cases without obvious evidence of active pulmonary sarcoidosis.…”
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Adaptive Immune Responses in Primary Cutaneous Sarcoidosis by Matteo Bordignon, Paola Rottoli, Carlo Agostini, Mauro Alaibac

“…Cutaneous lesions have been classified as specific and nonspecific, depending on the presence of nonnecrotizing epithelial cell granulomas on histologic studies. The development and progression of specific cutaneous sarcoidosis involves a complex interaction between cells of the adaptive immune systems, notably T-lymphocytes and dendritic cells. …”
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Cytoplasmic-Staining Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody and Extensive Colitis by Hugh James Freeman

“…Careful pathological review of all endoscopic biopsies and surgically resected colonic tissues did not reveal evidence of vasculitis or so-called 'palisading' granulomas, which is a typical pathological change of Wegener's granulomatosis, an entity that has been traditionally characterized by the detection of cANCA. …”
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