Biopsy of Different Oral Soft Tissues Lesions by KTP and Diode Laser: Histological Evaluation by Umberto Romeo, Claudia Russo, Gaspare Palaia, Rossella Lo Giudice, Alessandro Del Vecchio, Paolo Visca, Guido Migliau, Alberto De Biase

“…Epithelial and connective damages were assessed for each pathology with an average of 0.245 mm and a standard deviation of ±0.162 mm in mucoceles, 0.382 mm ± 0.149 mm in fibromas, 0.336 mm ± 0.106 mm in hyperkeratosis, 0.473 mm ± 0.105 mm in squamous hyperplasia, 0.182 mm in giant cell granuloma, and 0.149 mm in melanotic macula. Discussion. …”
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Laparoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Gossypiboma Postconventional Ovariohysterectomy in a Bitch by Maurício Veloso Brun, Paula Cristina Basso, Marília Teresa de Oliveira, Fabíola Dalmolin, Saulo Tadeu Lemos Pinto-Filho, Helen Fialho Hartmann, Stephanie Lanzarini Abati, Marco Augusto Machado-Silva, Daniel Curvello de Mendonça Müller, Francisco Miguel Sanchez-Margallo

“…Ultrasonographic examination revealed a structure compatible with a granuloma. For the laparoscopic procedure, a 3-port (two at 11 mm; one at 6 mm) access was used. …”
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Role of TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma, and IL-10 in the Development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis by Yone Vila Nova Cavalcanti, Maria Carolina Accioly Brelaz, Juliana Kelle de Andrade Lemoine Neves, José Candido Ferraz, Valéria Rêgo Alves Pereira

“…This cytokine acts in synergy with IFN-gamma, stimulating the production of reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs), thus mediating the tuberculostatic function of macrophages, and also stimulating the migration of immune cells to the infection site, contributing to granuloma formation, which controls the disease progression. …”
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Retrotrans-genomics identifies aberrant THE1B endogenous retrovirus fusion transcripts in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis by Shunsuke Funaguma, Aritoshi Iida, Yoshihiko Saito, Jantima Tanboon, Francia Victoria De Los Reyes, Kyuto Sonehara, Yu-ichi Goto, Yukinori Okada, Shinichiro Hayashi, Ichizo Nishino

“…Single-cell or single-nucleus RNA-seq analyses of sarcoidosis not only confirmed these transcripts but also revealed a novel read-through transcript, SIRPB1-SIRPD, and TREM2.1, predominantly in granuloma-associated macrophages. The expression profiles of THE1B fusion transcripts in tuberculosis (TB) significantly differed from SM in single-cell RNA-seq data, suggesting that the differences between TB’s caseous granulomas and sarcoidosis’s non-caseous granulomas might be linked to disparate expression patterns of THE1B fusion transcripts. …”
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Vaccination with Enzymatically Cleaved GPI-Anchored Proteins from Schistosoma mansoni Induces Protection against Challenge Infection by Vicente P. Martins, Carina S. Pinheiro, Barbara C. P. Figueiredo, Natan R. G. Assis, Suellen B. Morais, Marcelo V. Caliari, Vasco Azevedo, William Castro-Borges, R. Alan Wilson, Sergio C. Oliveira

“…The protection engendered by this vaccination protocol was confirmed by 42% reduction in worm burden, 45% reduction in eggs per gram of hepatic tissue, 29% reduction in the number of granulomas per area, and 53% reduction in the granuloma fibrosis. …”
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Modified sutureless and glue-free method versus conventional sutures for conjunctival autograft fixation in primary pterygium surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Faisal Aljahdali, Waleed Khayyat, Abdulelah T BinYamin, Sultan A Al-Qahtani, Mohammed D Alghamdi, Ali Saleh Alsudais, Husain A Alalgum, Halah Bin Helayel, Mohammed AlMutlak

“…No significant differences were found in recurrence, graft haemorrhage, granuloma, Dellen and conjunctival oedema.Conclusion Using the MSGF technique in conjunctival autograft fixation for pterygium surgery reduces operation time by relying solely on the patient’s blood for fixation. …”
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Secondary vs. primary pituitary xanthogranulomas: which yellow is more mellow? by Dragana Miljic, Sandra Pekic, Mirjana Doknic, Marko Stojanovic, Sasa Ilic, Marina Nikolic Djurovic, Zvezdana Jemuovic, Toplica Milojevic, Mihailo Milicevic, Marija Jovanovic, Milica Medic Stojanoska, Bojana Carić, Nevena Radic, Sanja Medenica, Emilija Manojlovic Gacic, Milan Petakov

“…Pituitary xanthogranulomatomas (XG) are a rare pathological entity caused by accumulation of lipid laden macrophages and reactive granuloma formation usually triggered by cystic fluid leakage or hemorrhage. …”
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Schistosoma japonicum Infection in Treg-Specific USP21 Knockout Mice by Youxiang Zhang, De-Hui Xiong, Yangyang Li, Guina Xu, Baoxin Zhang, Yang Liu, Shan Zhang, Qing Huang, Simin Chen, Fansheng Zeng, Jingyi Guo, Bin Li, Zhiqiang Qin, Zuping Zhang

“…However, immunohistochemistry showed that the degree of egg granuloma formation and liver fibrosis was reduced. …”
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The clinical-stage drug BTZ-043 accumulates in murine tuberculosis lesions and efficiently acts against Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Andreas Römpp, Axel Treu, Julia Kokesch-Himmelreich, Franziska Marwitz, Julia Dreisbach, Nadine Aboutara, Doris Hillemann, Moritz Garrelts, Paul J. Converse, Sandeep Tyagi, Sina Gerbach, Luzia Gyr, Ann-Kathrin Lemm, Johanna Volz, Alexandra Hölscher, Leon Gröschel, Eva-Maria Stemp, Norbert Heinrich, Florian Kloss, Eric L. Nuermberger, Dominik Schwudke, Michael Hoelscher, Christoph Hölscher, Kerstin Walter

“…Abstract The development of granulomas with central necrosis harboring Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the hallmark of human tuberculosis (TB). …”
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Relieving Sore Throat Formula Exerts a Therapeutic Effect on Pharyngitis through Immunoregulation and NF-κB Pathway by Yushi Ding, Suyun Yu, Zhonghong Wei, Rui Deng, Peng Chen, Yifan Sun, Qi Jia, Xiaoman Li, Yuanyuan Wu, Wenxing Chen, Kurt S. Zanker, Aiyun Wang, Yin Lu

“…A hot plate method and granuloma experiment proved that RSTF also have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. …”
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A Study of the Granulomatous Responses Induced by Different Strains of Schistosoma mansoni by Nádia Regina Borim Zuim, Silmara Marques Allegretti, Arício Xavier Linhares, Luiz Augusto Magalhães, Eliana Maria Zanotti-Magalhães

“…The increased pathogenesis of the Schistosoma mansoni BH strain compared with the SJ strain has been attributed to the number of granulomas formed in experimental infections, which increase the mortality in definitive hosts. …”
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Experimental Evaluation of the Pathogenicity of Different Strains of Schistosoma mansoni by Antônio Aurélio Euzébio, Nádia Regina Borim Zuim, Arício Xavier Linhares, Luiz Augusto Magalhães, Eliana Maria Zanotti-Magalhães

“…In addition, when compared to the SJ and BH strains, the SD strain demonstrated similar pathogenicity to the BH strain, with a greater quantity of granulomas in the viscera, as well as larger granulomas and eggs. …”
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Immunopathology of Postprimary Tuberculosis: Increased T-Regulatory Cells and DEC-205-Positive Foamy Macrophages in Cavitary Lesions by Kerry J. Welsh, Semyon A. Risin, Jeffrey K. Actor, Robert L. Hunter

“…A higher percentage of cells in lipid pneumonia (36.1%) and cavitary lesions (27.8%) were positive for the dendritic cell marker DEC-205, compared to granulomas (9.0%, P<.05). Cavities contained significantly more T-regulatory cells (14.8%) than found in lipid pneumonia (5.2%) or granulomas (4.8%). …”
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Idiopathic giant cell myocarditis or cardiac sarcoidosis? A retrospective audit of a nationwide case series by Kaj Ekström, Anne Räisänen‐Sokolowski, Jukka Lehtonen, Hanna‐Kaisa Nordenswan, Mikko I. Mäyränpää, Markku Kupari

“…Conclusions Recognizing granulomas in or outside the heart remains a challenge for the pathologist. …”
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“The Great Mimicker”: An Unusual Etiology of Cytopenia, Diffuse Lymphadenopathy, and Massive Splenomegaly by Mazen Zaarour, Chanudi Weerasinghe, Elias Moussaly, Shafinaz Hussein, Jean-Paul Atallah

“…Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic multisystem disease characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas. It frequently presents with pulmonary infiltrates and bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. …”
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Gastric Sarcoidosis: A Rare Clinical Presentation by Hemasri Tokala, Karthik Polsani, Jagadeesh K. Kalavakunta

“…His endoscopic gastric mucosal biopsies revealed noncaseating granulomas consistent with gastric sarcoidosis. Treatment with oral steroids alleviated his symptoms with no recurrence in 2 years. …”
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Probable Pulmonary Blastomycosis in a Wild Coyote (Canis latrans) by Luis E. Rodríguez-Tovar, Alicia M. Nevárez-Garza, Ricardo Vladimir Barajas-Juárez, Juan J. Zarate-Ramos, Rogelio A. Ledezma-Torres, Armando Trejo-Chávez

“…Histopathologic examination revealed multifocal coalescing granulomas with abundant macrophages, numerous neutrophils, fibroblasts, plasma cells, and lymphocytes. …”
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Periorbital Silicone Granulomatosis 30 Years after Acupuncture by Nathan Pirakitikulr, Ann Q. Tran, Armando L. Garcia, Sander R. Dubovy, Wendy W. Lee

“…Silicone-based compounds are commonly used in many medical applications, such as coatings for needles and syringes. Foreign body granulomas are a well-recognized complication of silicone exposure; however, they may be challenging to identify without a clear history. …”
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Chronic Inflammatory Arthropathy Preceding Acute Systemic Manifestations of Sarcoidosis: A Possible Overlap of Idiopathic Juvenile Arthritis and Sarcoidosis by Matheus Campello Vieira, Priscilla Gomes Tosta, Fernanda Morello Nicole, Lucas Enock V. Roberto, Júlia Guasti P. Vianna, Paulo de Coelho Castro, Rafael Burgomeister Lourenço, Erica Vieira Serrano, Valéria Valim, Weverton Machado Luchi

“…Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease with unknown etiology, marked by T lymphocytes and macrophages agglomeration, which leads to the formation of noncaseating granulomas in the affected tissues. We describe a case of a 40-year-old black patient referred to our service for evaluation of nephrolithiasis and persistent elevation of plasma creatinine. …”
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Spontaneous Resolution of Symptomatic Hepatic Sarcoidosis by Viva Nguyen, Henry N. Ngo, Hamza H. Awad

“…Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory process of unknown etiology, characterized by noncaseating granulomas. Isolated extrapulmonary disease is rare. …”
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