Acid-Base Balance in Healthy Adults: Beneficial Effects of Bicarbonate and Sodium-Rich Mineral Water in a Randomized Controlled Trial: The BicarboWater Study by Katharina Mansouri, Theresa Greupner, Edda van de Flierdt, Inga Schneider, Andreas Hahn

“…Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a global health challenge. The complex etiology of NCDs involves genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including dietary habits. …”
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Causes and Clinical Profiles of Ascites at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study by Oumer Abdu Muhie

“…It is caused by various underlying diseases. Knowing the etiologies is vital because further investigations and definitive treatment largely rely on the specific disease entity considered. …”
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MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LEAVES AND FRUITS IN MALOIDEAE (ROSACEAE): b. THE ROLE OF SURFACE TISSUES IN THE FORMATION OF RESISTANCE TO FUNGAL DISEASES by T. Kh. Kumachova, O. O. Beloshapkina, A. S. Voronkov, A. S. Ryabchenko

“…The studied model plants suffer from a sufficiently wide range of diseases with different etiologies; among them, the most widespread and harmful are mycoses. …”
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Normalized Isometric Shoulder Strength as a Predictor of Ball Velocity in Youth Baseball Players by Amanda J Arnold, Charles A Thigpen, Paul F Beattie, Stacy L Fritz, Michael J Kissenberth, John M Tokish, Ellen Shanley

“… # LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2b (etiology)…”
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Implications of cytokine genes polymorphisms in Jordanian patients with obsessive compulsive disorder by Ahmad M. Khalil, Manal W. Khrais, Khaled M. Al-Qaoud, Mohamad Y. Al Ta’any

“…We aimed at providing experimental evidence for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate cytokine genes for the etiology of OCD. Methods A total of 52 OCD patients and 54 healthy controls were randomly recruited from the Jordanian population. …”
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Increased Mortality from Extrapancreatic Infections in Hospitalized Patients with Acute Pancreatitis by Guido Grajales-Figueroa, Héctor Adrián Díaz Hernández, Martín Alejandro Chacón Portillo, Luis F. Uscanga, Mario Peláez-Luna, Jorge Hernández Calleros

“…We found 48 patients with acute pancreatitis who died within the period of the study during hospitalization; from these, 50% were men, mean age was 53.2 years, and the most common etiology was biliary obstruction by gallstones in 45.8%. …”
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Streptococcus halichoeri: Comparative Genomics of an Emerging Pathogen by Kirsi Aaltonen, Ravi Kant, Marjut Eklund, Mirja Raunio-Saarnisto, Lars Paulin, Olli Vapalahti, Thomas Grönthal, Merja Rantala, Tarja Sironen

“…S. halichoeri was isolated in both studies, albeit among other pathogens, indicating a possible role in the disease etiologies. The aim was to find a possible common origin of the fur animal and dog isolates and study the virulence factors to assess pathogenic potential. …”
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The Effect of Ca and Mg Concentrations and Quantity and Their Correlation with Caries Intensity in School-Age Children by Milaim Sejdini, Kastriot Meqa, Nora Berisha, Ekrem Çitaku, Nora Aliu, Sokol Krasniqi, Sami Salihu

“…Besides the fundamental factors, saliva with its ingredient is one of the main etiologic factors of caries presence. In the development of dental caries, the relationship between demineralization and remineralization is influenced by the presence of saliva, which facilitates the transportation of ions, oral bacteria, and fermentable carbohydrates to the exposed surfaces of teeth. …”
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Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: analysis of WHO global database of individual case safety reports by Alessandro Ceschi, Roberta Noseda, Raffaela Bertoli, Laura Müller

“…ICI-related HLH showed clinical, haematological and coagulation features similar to those of HLH with different etiology. Concurrent irAEs occurred in 5 (13%) patients and 6 (16%) reported concomitant viral infections. 31 (82%) cases defined ICI-related HLH outcome, which resolved in 19 (61%) cases. …”
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Morphofunctional characteristics of leaves and fruits in Maloideae (Rosaceae): a. Microstructure of surface tissues by T. Kh. Kumachova, A. S. Voronkov, A. V. Babosha, A. S. Ryabchenko

“…They extended their area of distribution to various habitats due to the development of structural adaptations that play an important role in the formation of resistance to stressors of different etiologies.Objective. Representatives of 4 genera were chosen as model objects from subfam. …”
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In Silico Screening of Putative Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Antigens and Serological Diagnosis for Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay by Daniela Droppa-Almeida, Caroline de Santana Ferreira, Ioná Brito, Sibele Borsuk, Jorge Alberto López Rodríguez, Isabel Bezerra Lima-Verde, Francine Ferreira Padilha

“…Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the etiologic agent of Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA), a disease leading to severe damage in sheep and goats farming due to the lack of serological diagnosis, treatment, and effective prophylaxis. …”
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A Genome-Wide Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs in Circulating Leukocytes and Their Differential Expression in Type 1 Diabetes Patients by Yihan Liu, Xiaoming Du, Jia Cui, Changlong Li, Meng Guo, Jianyi Lv, Xin Liu, Jingtao Dou, Xiaoyan Du, Hongjuan Fang, Zhenwen Chen

“…Among the 9 confirmed lncRNAs, lncRNA MSTRG.128697 and lncRNA MSTRG.128958 were novel and human-specific; however, further validation is required. lncRNA MSTRG.63013 has orthologous sequences in the mouse genome and was identified as a key node for etiology and pathophysiology in animal studies, which will help understand the epigenetic mechanisms of T1D complications.…”
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Diagnostics and treatment of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: clinical guidelines of the Russian gastroenterological Association by V. T. Ivashkin, I. V. Mayev, A. V. Okhlobystin, S. A. Alekseyenko, Ye. V. Beloborodova, Yu. A. Kucheryavy, T. L. Lapina, A. S. Trukhmanov, I. B. Khlynov, M. V. Chikunova, A. A. Sheptulin, O. S. Shifrin

“…To present the modern concept of etiology and pathogenesis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency to general practitioners as well as with the established approach to diagnostics and treatment of this syndrome. …”
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Repressor Element 1 Silencing Transcription Factor (REST) Governs Microglia-Like BV2 Cell Migration via Progranulin (PGRN) by Tongya Yu, Yingying Lin, Yuzhen Xu, Yunxiao Dou, Feihong Wang, Hui Quan, Yanxin Zhao, Xueyuan Liu

“…Microglia activation contributes to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) etiology, and microglia migration is a fundamental function during microglia activation. …”
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Evaluation of the Efficacy of Lusutrombopag for Chronic Liver Disease Based on Pre‐Treatment Platelet Counts: A Retrospective Multicenter Study by Takayoshi Suga, Satoru Kakizaki, Atsushi Naganuma, Takeshi Hatanaka, Satoshi Takakusagi, Daichi Takizawa, Hirotaka Arai, Takashi Ueno, Keisuke Iizuka, Toru Fukuchi, Shuichi Saito, Hiroki Tojima, Yuichi Yamazaki, Toshio Uraoka

“…Therefore, treatment strategies should be tailored based on pretreatment platelet counts and the etiology of liver disease.…”
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Mutation in the COL2A1 gene is associated with acetabular dysplasia by Miaomiao Xin, Xin Guan, Xin Guan, Jiangfei Yang, Yi Li, Zhentao Man, Hongsheng Sun, Min Fu

“…BackgroundDevelopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most common developmental disorders worldwide, caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.MethodsTo investigate the genetic etiology of DDH in a proband (a 27-year-old male), we reviewed the patient’s clinical data and collected peripheral blood samples from the proband and his parents. …”
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Testing a multi-behavioral intervention to improve oral health behaviors in the pediatric dental surgery population: protocol for the PROTECT trial by Joanna Buscemi, Teresa G. Borowski, David Avenetti, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Molly Martin, Molly Martin, Marc S. Atkins, Teresa Marshall, Michael Berbaum, Helen H. Lee, Helen H. Lee

“…S-ECC is often treated under general anesthesia to facilitate extensive treatment in young children, but treatment does not address etiology of an infectious disease that is rooted in health behaviors. …”
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Overexpression of Tear Inflammatory Cytokines as Additional Finding in Keratoconus Patients and Their First Degree Family Members by Ioana Catalina Ionescu, Catalina Gabriela Corbu, Cristiana Tanase, Gabriela Ionita, Cristina Nicula, Valeria Coviltir, Vasile Potop, Mihaela Constantin, Elena Codrici, Simona Mihai, Ionela Daniela Popescu, Ana-Maria Enciu, Dana Dascalescu, Miruna Burcel, Radu Ciuluvica, Liliana-Mary Voinea

“…Cytokine overexpression may be relevant for the inflammatory etiology of keratoconus. In conclusion, in the case of some first degree family members, the elevated tear biomarkers may represent a supplementary risk factor.…”
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Analysis of Genetic Variation in CD40 and CD40L: Relationship with mRNA Relative Expression and Soluble Proteins in Acute Coronary Syndrome by D. E. Martínez-Fernández, J. R. Padilla-Gutiérrez, F. Casillas-Muñoz, Emmanuel Valdés-Alvarado, Brenda Parra-Reyna, Maricela Aceves-Ramírez, J. F. Muñoz-Valle, U. Zalapa Flores, J. C. Chávez Herrera, Y. Valle

“…Environmental and genetic factors are involved in the etiology of the ACS. The aim of this study was to explore the gene and protein expression associated with CD40 and CD40L genetic variants in ACS patients from the western Mexican population. …”
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Racial Differences in Systemic Immune Parameters in Individuals With Lung Cancer by Mitchell S. von Itzstein, MD, Jialiang Liu, PhD, Hong Mu-Mosley, PhD, Farjana Fattah, PhD, Jason Y. Park, MD, PhD, Jeffrey A. SoRelle, MD, J. David Farrar, PhD, Mary E. Gwin, MD, David Hsiehchen, MD, Yvonne Gloria-McCutchen, Edward K. Wakeland, PhD, Suzanne Cole, MD, Sheena Bhalla, MD, Radhika Kainthla, MD, Igor Puzanov, MD, MSCI, Benjamin Switzer, DO, MHSA, MS, Gregory A. Daniels, MD, PhD, Yousef Zakharia, MD, Montaser Shaheen, MD, Jianjun Zhang, MD, PhD, Yang Xie, PhD, David E. Gerber, MD

“…Conclusions: Black and White patients with lung cancer exhibit several differences in immune parameters, with Black patients exhibiting greater levels of numerous proinflammatory cytokines and cell populations. The etiology and clinical significance of these differences warrant further evaluation.…”
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