Controlled Attenuation Parameter for Quantification of Steatosis: Which Cut-Offs to Use? by Roxana Sirli, Ioan Sporea

“…., plays an important role in fibrosis progression, regardless of CLD etiology; thus, detection and quantification of HS are imperative. …”
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Confluent and Reticulated Papillomatosis Successfully Treated with Topical Vitamin A Derivative by Manal Alsulami, Bader Alharbi, Yaser Alotaibi, Fadi Alghamdi, Adel Alsantali

“…Clinical characteristics include hyperkeratotic papules that coalesce centrally with a reticulated pattern peripherally on the central and upper trunk, neck, and axilla. Its etiology is not precisely known, and disordered keratinization has been postulated as one of the etiologies. …”
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Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia: Epidemiology, Risk factors, Pathophysiology, Differential diagnosis, and Treatment Options by Andrew Han, Carver Montgomery, Alexandra Zamora, Emilie Winder, Adam D. Kaye, Caroline Carroll, Alfonso Aquino, Juyeon Kakazu, Alan D. Kaye

“… # Recent Findings An in-depth analysis of the recent literature indicates that glossopharyngeal neuralgia is not only rare but its etiology and pathophysiology are complex and are often secondary to other disease processes. …”
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Drug Treatment of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Ghana: Does It Comply with Recommended Guidelines? by Baba Sulemana Mohammed, Matthew Aidoo

“…A total of 152 liver cirrhotic patients were included in this study. Common etiologies for liver cirrhosis were chronic hepatitis B 80 (52.6%) and chronic hepatitis C 30 (19.7%); about 12.5% of etiologies were unknown. …”
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Rapid Onset Severe Immune Thrombocytopenia following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in a Young Patient by Jorge Avila, Huseyin Berk Degirmenci, Pamela Contreras Chavez, Elisabeth M. Battinelli, Jorge Fleisher

“…Commonly encountered differentials including heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and common viral etiologies were ruled out, and other causes such as drug reactions deemed unlikely as the etiology of this presentation after a broad workup. …”
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Febrile Seizures and Febrile Seizure Syndromes: An Updated Overview of Old and Current Knowledge by Abdulhafeez M. Khair, Dalal Elmagrabi

“…They are a major cause of emergency facility visits and a source of family distress and anxiety. Their etiology and pathophysiological pathways are being understood better over time; however, there is still more to learn. …”
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Fecal microbiota changes associated with pathogenic and non-pathogenic diarrheas in foals by Yijun Shi, Elizabeth A. Maga, Michael J. Mienaltowski

“…While there are several forms of foal diarrhea, the etiologies can be considered known pathogenic or non-pathogenic in nature. …”
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11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 in Preeclampsia by Katarzyna Kosicka, Anna Siemiątkowska, Franciszek K. Główka

“…Although preeclampsia is a subject of many research projects, the etiology of the condition remains unclear. One of the hypotheses related to the etiology of preeclampsia is the deficiency in placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11β-HSD2), the enzyme which in normal pregnancy protects the fetus from the excess of maternal cortisol. …”
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A single-center cross-sectional study on the clinical profile of pancytopenia and a novel scoring system for megaloblastic anemia by Sanjaykumar Somsingbhai Rathwa, Darshankumar Manubhai Raval, Shashwat Mallik, Shahin Khan

“…A scoring system is also described to distinguish cobalamin deficiency from other etiologies of pancytopenia. Results: MGA due to cobalamin deficiency was the leading cause of pancytopenia. …”
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Role of Oxidants in Interstitial Lung Diseases: Pneumoconioses, Constrictive Bronchiolitis, and Chronic Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia by William N. Rom

“…These etiologic agents are phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages or bronchial epithelial cells and release chemotactic factors that recruit inflammatory cells to the lung. …”
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Probable Hydrochlorothiazide-Induced Myopericarditis: First Case Reported by Toufik Mahfood Haddad, Muhammad Sarfraz Nawaz, Ahmed S. Abuzaid, Smrithy Upadhyay, Pallavi Bellamkonda, Aryan N. Mooss

“…We hypothesize that this myopericarditis could be due to HCTZ allergic reaction after all other common etiologies have been ruled out. There is a scarcity of the literature regarding HCTZ as an etiology for pericardial disease, with only one case reported as presumed hydrochlorothiazide-induced pericardial effusion. …”
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A Rare Side Effect due to TNF-Alpha Blocking Agent: Acute Pleuropericarditis with Adalimumab by Hakan Ozkan, Ahmet Seckin Cetinkaya, Tekin Yildiz, Tahsin Bozat

“…Patient was successfully evaluated for the etiology of acute pleuro-pericarditis. Every etiology was excluded except the usage of adalimumab. …”
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Chronic Inflammatory Arthropathy Preceding Acute Systemic Manifestations of Sarcoidosis: A Possible Overlap of Idiopathic Juvenile Arthritis and Sarcoidosis by Matheus Campello Vieira, Priscilla Gomes Tosta, Fernanda Morello Nicole, Lucas Enock V. Roberto, Júlia Guasti P. Vianna, Paulo de Coelho Castro, Rafael Burgomeister Lourenço, Erica Vieira Serrano, Valéria Valim, Weverton Machado Luchi

“…Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease with unknown etiology, marked by T lymphocytes and macrophages agglomeration, which leads to the formation of noncaseating granulomas in the affected tissues. …”
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Bilaterally Symmetrical Lower Extremity Compartment Syndrome following Massive Transfusion by Gulsah Karaoren, Nurten Bakan, Senay Goksu Tomruk, Zelin Topaç, Tuhan Kurtulmuş, Saime Irkören

“…In literature, 8 cases have been reported regarding well leg compartment syndrome in a supine position and bilateral symmetrical involvement was observed in only 2 cases. In WLCS etiology, lengthy surgery, lengthy hypotension, and extremity malpositioning have been held responsible but one of the factors with a role in the etiology may have been the tissue oedema and impaired microcirculation formed from the effect of vasoactive mediators expressed into the circulation associated with the massive blood transfusion. …”
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Postvaginal Delivery Caecal Volvulus and Perforation by M. M. Abdullah Agha

“…Intestinal obstruction is an uncommon complication of pregnancy and pueperium. It has different etiologies and voluvlus is one of the common causes. …”
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Short-Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache Attacks with Conjunctival Injection and Tearing in a Patient with Varicella-Zoster Virus Encephalomyelitis by Megan E. Gray, Brian Wispelwey, Christopher J. Arnold

“…Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing syndrome (SUNCT) is a type of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia. Its etiology is generally idiopathic, though rarely it has been associated with viral infections. …”
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Chemoradiation-Induced Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Case Report by Mathieu Castonguay, George Rodrigues, Mark Vincent, Richard A Malthaner, Lin-Ruo Guo

“…The literature regarding the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of this rare entity is discussed.…”
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a Probable Cause of Antibiotic-Associated Enterocolitis by Alison B. Lane, Nathanial K. Copeland, Fatma Onmus-Leone, James V. Lawler

“…However, Staphylococcus aureus has also been described as a cause of antibiotic-associated enterocolitis and diarrhea and is likely an underrecognized etiology. We present a case of enterocolitis and urinary tract infection caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus following antibiotic treatment.…”
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Gastrocolic Fistula: A Shortcut through the Gut by Nauzer Forbes, Raed Al-Dabbagh, Peter Lovrics, David Morgan

“…Traditionally, peptic ulcer disease was commonly implicated in the formation of gastrocolic fistulas; however, this is now a rare etiology. Here, we present a case of gastrocolic fistula secondary to peptic ulcer disease alone, in addition to reviewing the literature and providing options for diagnosis and treatment.…”
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Differential Yield of Pathogens from Stool Testing of Nosocomial versus Community-Acquired Paediatric Diarrhea by Savita Deorari, Athena McConnell, Kah-Kee Tan, Nadeem Jadavji, Doreen Ma, Deirdre Church, Gary Katzko, D Grant Gall, Taj Jadavji, H Dele Davies

“…A secondary objective was to characterize features that may predict NAD or CAD etiology.…”
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