Gene Therapy: A step toward advanced orthodontics – A narrative review by Monika Shukla, Shalu Jain, C. Munish Reddy, Pradeep Raghav, Kumar Amit, Rinchin Yangzom, Shivika Garg, Aastha Kamrani

“…After the introduction of gene therapy in dentistry, this field is also flourishing rapidly in the branch of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics as it can prevent many prenatal and postnatal dentofacial anomalies which have the genetical etiology. Despite various animal studies showing promising results, a lot more is left to be explored. …”
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The Genetic and Imaging Key to Understanding Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease by Vaneeza Moosa, Julio Garcia

“…This review consolidates current genetic and imaging research, elucidating the contributions of genetic variants to the etiology and progression of BAV, while emphasizing the importance of imaging biomarkers in clinical management. …”
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Investigation of hemostasis by thromboelastography in the patient with liver cirrhosis (Clinical case) by Ye. L. Bulanova, A. Yu. Bulanov, D. S. Gatsolayeva

“…., male 54 years was hospitalized to the clinic for decompensated liver cirrhosis of toxic and viral etiology. Due to high severity of patient’s state he was directed to intensive care unit. …”
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Whiplash Injuries: An Update by Robert W Teasell, Allan P Shapiro

“…Studies looking at the natural history of whiplash injuries have suffered from problems of selection bias, retrospective reviewing and unclear outcomes. Etiology continues to be controversial, largely because of the misconception that all soft tissue injuries heal within six weeks. …”
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Seroprevalence of HCMV among Pregnant Women and Its relation to CD4 and CRP by Staar Mohammed Qader

“…It has been described as an important etiological agent of intrauterine infection in during the pregnancy, which may lead to some serious results such as miscarriage, cerebellar malformation stillbirth, and fetus developmental retardation. …”
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A Challenging Diagnosis of Ascites: A Case Report of Peritoneal Tuberculosis by Jose Ruiz, Maedeh Ganji, Catarina Canha, Carmen Isache

“…Ascites was noted on physical exam, and the patient underwent a diagnostic paracentesis with initial workup that was unrevealing for underlying etiology. Abdominal computed tomography was done, which revealed peritoneal carcinomatosis. …”
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Molecular and Cellular Pathways Contributing to Joint Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Qinghua Fang, Chun Zhou, Kutty Selva Nandakumar

“…Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune syndrome associated with several genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors affecting the articular joints contributing to cartilage and bone damage. Although etiology of this disease is not clear, several immune pathways, involving immune (T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils) and nonimmune (fibroblasts and chondrocytes) cells, participate in the secretion of many proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, proteases (MMPs, ADAMTS), and other matrix lysing enzymes that could disturb the immune balance leading to cartilage and bone damage. …”
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DENTAL ANXIETY – A PSYCHOSOCIAL CAUSE AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF LIFE – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW by Andreea Sălcudean, Laria-Maria Trușculescu, Ramona Amina Popovici, Nicoleta Șerb, Ciprian Pașca, Cristina Raluca Bodo, Ramona Elena Crăciun, Iustin Olariu

“…Moreover, the paper highlights the biological and psychological aspects of anxiety in dental treatment, describing also the main elements regarding the etiology of dental anxiety. The implications of dental anxiety extend beyond individual experiences; they can affect broader societal health outcomes. …”
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The Genetics of Alzheimer’s Disease by Robert C. Barber

“…Heritability of this form of the disease is high (79%), but the etiology is driven by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. …”
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The silent menace: Worm bezoar causing acute intestinal obstruction by Shiva Shiva, Sahil Kumar, Pankaj Singh, Sanjeev Kumar, Suresh Kumar

“…In contrast to developed nations, where the usual causes of obstruction are adhesions, strictures, and metabolic derangements, infective etiologies, like tuberculosis and parasitic infestations, are more common in developing countries. …”
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Combination of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and morphology for identifying Coccidioides immitis: a case report by Hong Liu, Kaixin Zhou, Chaoran Zhong, Ming Guan

“…Furthermore, the diagnosis of C. immitis was then confirmed by smear staining combined with morphological characteristics of the colony, which provided an important etiological basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. …”
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Nutritional Factors Related to Canine Gallbladder Diseases—A Scoping Review by Fabio Alves Teixeira, Kathleen Moira Aicher, Ricardo Duarte

“…Gallbladder mucocele, cholelithiasis, choledocholithiasis, and cholecystitis are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality in dogs. The exact etiology of these conditions remains poorly understood, though various factors, such as endocrinopathies, dyslipidemia, and impaired gallbladder motility, have been suggested as potential contributors. …”
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Periodontal Disease Behavior in Children and Adolescents with Diabetes in Cienfuegos in 2008 by Arasay Calzada Bandomo, Esther María Castillo Betancourt

“…<strong>Background: </strong>chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases are a set of entities of multifactorial etiology. Diabetes mellitus is one of the conditions with a great impact on the periodontium and its interaction with microorganisms. …”
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A Case of Growth Hormone Use in Dyggve–Melchior–Clausen Syndrome by Ravi Upadhyay, Claire Ruane, Rachel Umans, Beth A. Pletcher, Aditi Khokhar, Kristin Wong

“…Recombinant growth hormone (rGH) therapy may be employed to improve stature based on the underlying etiology and growth velocity. Skeletal dysplasia in Dyggve–Melchior–Clausen (DMC) syndrome tends to be progressive, typically with hip involvement, and ultimately leads to bilateral dislocation of the hip joints. …”
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NF-κB Inhibitory Activity of the Di-Hydroxy Derivative of Piperlongumine (PL-18) by Yael Schlichter Kadosh, Subramani Muthuraman, Ariel Kushmaro, Rajendran Saravana Kumar, Jacob Gopas

“…Due to the complex and multifactorial etiology of chronic inflammation, effective treatment remains elusive. …”
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Sarcopenia: A Major Challenge in Elderly Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease by Maciej Domański, Kazimierz Ciechanowski

“…Sarcopenia is a condition of multifaceted etiology arising in many elderly people. In patients with chronic kidney, the loss of muscle mass is much more intensive and the first signs of sarcopenia are observed in younger patients than it is expected. …”
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Integrative approach in management of recurrent pilonidal sinus in a rare case of polycythemia vera by Komal Dhalani, Tukaram Dudhamal, Yogesh Meghani

“…Preoperative blood investigations revealed that the patient had polycythemia vera with idiopathic etiology. The patient was advised for phlebotomy and then excision of the tract of the pilonidal sinus was done under local anesthesia. …”
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Functional Analysis of Behavior and Its Clinical Application by Kaasim Fatih Yavuz, Furkan Bahadir Alptekin

“…Many approaches to psychology and psychiatry have tried to explain behaviors etiologically. Functional contextualism, followed by radical behaviorism, and its application functional analysis of behavior can be considered as an alternative to mainstream approaches. …”
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Non-metric variations in individuals who died during the perinatal period in past populations: recording protocol and comparative data by Caroline Partiot, Dominique Castex, Valérie Delattre, Bruno Maureille, Mark Guillon

“…Non-metric variations, also referred to as "epigenetic variations" or asymptomatic bone variants, are bone or dental phenotypic variants of unknown origin, with no known pathological etiology. They are classically identified during osteological analysis to develop an individual profile, analyse biological affinities between individuals and outline possible genetic relatedness clusters in burial spaces. …”
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From memory impairment to two occluders in the heart – a multidisciplinary case report by A. Wiśniewski, K. Filipska, A. Ekkert

“…It is considered of ischemic, epileptogenic, or venous origin. The etiology is uncertain, although hipertension, hiperlipidemia, and ischemic heart disease are considered as possible mechanisms. …”
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