Late Onset Anaphylaxis in a Hydatid Cyst Case Presenting with Chronic Urticaria by Insu Yilmaz, Omur Aydin, Alexis Okoh, Zeynep Misirligil

“…We emphasize that physicians should be aware of hydatid cyst as a possible etiology for seemingly chronic spontaneous urticaria, especially in endemic regions. …”
Get full text

Ultraviolet Radiation and the Slug Transcription Factor Induce Proinflammatory and Immunomodulatory Mediator Expression in Melanocytes by Stephanie H. Shirley, Elizabeth A. Grimm, Donna F. Kusewitt

“…Despite extensive investigation, the precise contribution of the ultraviolet radiation (UVR) component of sunlight to melanoma etiology remains unclear. UVR induces keratinocytes to secrete proinflammatory and immunomodulatory mediators that promote inflammation and skin tumor development; expression of the slug transcription factor in keratinocytes is required for maximal production of these mediators. …”
Get full text

Two Case Reports of Varicocele Rupture during Sexual Intercourse and Review of the Literature by Chalil Arif, Konstantinos Kotoulas, Chrysostomos Georgellis, Konstantinos Frigkas, Athanasios Bantis, Emmanouil Patris

“…The varicocele is considered an etiological factor for male infertility. Although different pathophysiological patterns have been proposed, there is no consensus in the urological society to date. …”
Get full text

Factors Influencing Oxidative Imbalance in Pulmonary Fibrosis: An Immunohistochemical Study by Simona Inghilleri, Patrizia Morbini, Ilaria Campo, Michele Zorzetto, Tiberio Oggionni, Ernesto Pozzi, Maurizio Luisetti

“…Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease of unknown etiology characterized by interstitial fibrosis determining irreversible distortion of pulmonary architecture. …”
Get full text

Co-design of the neurodevelopment assessment scale by Tsz Ying Wong, Syeda Ishra Azim, Christa Lam-Cassettari, Ping-I. Lin, Ping-I. Lin, Antonio Mendoza Diaz, Antonio Mendoza Diaz, Antonio Mendoza Diaz, Alicia Montgomery, Anne Masi, Kylie-Ann Mallitt, Kylie-Ann Mallitt, Andrew Whitehouse, Mark R. Dadds, Valsamma Eapen

“…IntroductionNeurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) have high comorbidity rates and shared etiology. Nevertheless, NDD assessment is diagnosis-driven and focuses on symptom profiles of individual disorders, which hinders diagnosis and treatment. …”
Get full text

Seronegative Intestinal Villous Atrophy: A Diagnostic Challenge by Cláudio Martins, Cristina Teixeira, Suzane Ribeiro, Daniel Trabulo, Cláudia Cardoso, João Mangualde, Ricardo Freire, Ana Luísa Alves, Élia Gamito, Isabelle Cremers, Ana Paula Oliveira

“…In these cases, before establishing the diagnosis of seronegative celiac disease, alternative etiologies of atrophic enteropathy should be considered. …”
Get full text

Herpes Simplex Proctitis Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Teenaged Male by Kristen E. Sandgren, Nathan B. Price, Warren P. Bishop, Patrick J. McCarthy

“…Though proctitis is most commonly due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), infectious etiologies must also be considered, including sexually transmitted causes of infectious proctitis. …”
Get full text

The Role of −786T/C Polymorphism in the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene in Males with Clinical and Biochemical Features of the Metabolic Syndrome by Blazej Misiak, Marta Krolik, Anna Kukowka, Anna Lewera, Przemyslaw Leszczynski, Joanna Stankiewicz-Olczyk, Ryszard Slezak

“…The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of −786T/C polymorphism in the etiology of MS and assess previously reported interaction with cigarette smoking. …”
Get full text

Screening Wild Birds for Tick-Borne Zoonotic Pathogens in Portugal by Filipa Loureiro, João R. Mesquita, Luís Cardoso, Sérgio Santos-Silva, Guilherme Moreira, Jaqueline T. Bento, Vanessa Soeiro, Andreia Gonçalves, Filipe Silva, Patrícia F. Barradas, Ana C. Matos, Manuela Matos, Ana Cláudia Coelho

“…Migratory bird species play a significant role in the introduction of tick-borne pathogens to new geographic areas, contributing to the dissemination of various etiological agents. This preliminary study aimed to assess the occurrence of four potentially zoonotic pathogens (<i>Hepatozoon</i> spp., <i>Borrelia</i> spp., <i>Babesia</i> spp. and <i>Theileria</i> spp.) in the wild birds of Portugal. …”
Get full text

Priapism in Antipsychotic Drug Use: A Rare but Important Side Effect by Igne Sinkeviciute, Rune A. Kroken, Erik Johnsen

“…The case thus illustrates the etiological complexity which could delay a diagnosis of antipsychotic-induced priapism, and the problem of establishing a link between priapism and one particular ingredient of a drug combination. …”
Get full text

Atypical Vascular Involvement in a Case of Behçet's Disease by Alejandro Rodríguez Morata, Ana Hidalgo Conde, Carlos de la Cruz Cosme, Susana Gómez Ramírez, Rafael Gómez Medialdea

“…Behçet's disease (BD) is a form of vasculitis of unknown etiology which is rare in our environment. It is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations and usually affects young adults. …”
Get full text

Diagnosing Spinal Gout: A Rare Case of Back Pain and Fever by Andres Cordova Sanchez, Maneesh Bisen, Farzam Khokhar, Adriana May, Jihad Ben Gabr

“…Imaging findings are, for the most part, nonspecific and often mimic infectious etiologies. Definitive diagnosis requires pathological examination. …”
Get full text

Update on the Medical Management of Gastrointestinal Behçet’s Disease by Giuseppe Lopalco, Donato Rigante, Vincenzo Venerito, Claudia Fabiani, Rossella Franceschini, Michele Barone, Giovanni Lapadula, Mauro Galeazzi, Bruno Frediani, Florenzo Iannone, Luca Cantarini

“…Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystemic disorder of unknown etiology mainly defined by recurrent oral aphthosis, genital ulcers, and chronic relapsing bilateral uveitis, all of which represent the “stigmata” of disease. …”
Get full text

Unusual Dermoid Cyst in Oral Cavity by Evanice Menezes Marçal Vieira, Alvaro Henrique Borges, Luis Evaristo Ricci Volpato, Alessandra Nogueira Porto, Artur Aburad Carvalhosa, Gilberto de Almeida Botelho, Matheus Coelho Bandeca

“…Dermoid cysts in oral cavity are unusual lesions. Their etiology is not yet clear and can be associated with trapped cells as a result of the inclusion error resulting in the development into the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm tissues. …”
Get full text

The Genetic Basis of Congenital Cataracts: Advances in Diagnostics and Therapeutics by Agnieszka Starzyk, Piotr Charzewski

“…This study reviewed literature from 2000 to 2023 on genetic etiology, surgical management, and emerging therapies. …”
Get full text

Enterocolic Lymphocytic Phlebitis Treated Preoperatively with Biologics and Immunosuppressive Agents by Soh Okano, Takashi Yao, Osamu Nomura, Akihito Nagahara, Toshiaki Hagiwara, Kiichi Sugimoto, Makoto Takahashi, Kazuhiro Sakamoto

“…Enterocolic lymphocytic phlebitis is phlebitis of unknown etiology in which lymphocytes affect veins without arteries and shows evidence of systemic vasculitis in the intestinal wall and mesentery, mainly in the small intestine and colon. …”
Get full text

Spontaneous Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Meningitis Presenting as Trismus by C. J. Parr, J. Wheeler, A. Sharma, C. Smith

“…Trismus is a motor disturbance of the trigeminal nerve with difficulty in opening the mouth. Infectious etiologies commonly described include tetanus, odontogenic infections, or deep neck space infections. …”
Get full text

A rare case of acute respiratory distress syndrome due to chlorine gas inhalation: Rapid progression with favorable ICU outcome by Dung Thai Pham, Bang Ngoc Dao, Dung Tien Nguyen, Ba Van Dang, Dung Tien Le, Hung Manh Do, Loc Tich Hoang, Minh Tuan Ngo, Duong Minh Vu

“…This case highlights the potential for a good prognosis in ARDS due to chlorine gas inhalation compared to other etiologies, emphasizing the importance of timely intervention and specialized care in the ICU.…”
Get full text

Adult ADHD Medications and Their Cardiovascular Implications by A. Sinha, O. Lewis, R. Kumar, S. L. H. Yeruva, B. H. Curry

“…Cardiovascular response attributed to ADHD medication has mainly been observed in heart rate and blood pressure elevations, while less is known about the etiology of rare cardiovascular events like acute myocardial infarction (AMI), arrhythmia, and cardiomyopathy and its long-term sequelae. …”
Get full text

Pituitary Adenoma and Hyperprolactinemia Accompanied by Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis by Sebahattin Destek, Vahit Onur Gul, Serkan Ahioglu, Kursat Rahmi Serin

“…Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of the breast, and its etiology remains not fully elucidated. IGM is observed more often in patients with autoimmune disease. …”
Get full text