Aggregation and environmental transmission in chronic wasting disease by Olga Vasilyeva, Tamer Oraby, Frithjof Lutscher

“…The socialbehavior of hosts affects both of these pathways, and a successfulintervention requires knowledge of the relative influence of thedifferent etiological and behavioral aspects of the disease. Wedevelop a strategic differential equation model for ChronicWasting Disease and include direct and indirect transmission aswell as host aggregation into our model. …”
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COVID-19 Pandemic and Dental Practice by Anuraj Singh Kochhar, Ritasha Bhasin, Gulsheen Kaur Kochhar, Himanshu Dadlani

“…This paper strives to provide a brief overview of the etiology, incubation, symptoms, and transmission paradigms of this novel infection and how to minimize the spread in a dental healthcare setting. …”
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Just a SNP away: The future of in vivo massively parallel reporter assay by Katherine N. Degner, Jessica L. Bell, Sean D. Jones, Hyejung Won

“…The human genome is largely noncoding, yet the field is still grasping to understand how noncoding variants impact transcription and contribute to disease etiology. The massively parallel reporter assay (MPRA) has been employed to characterize the function of noncoding variants at unprecedented scales, but its application has been largely limited by the in vitro context. …”
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Acute Ascending Thrombosis of Abdominal and Suprarenal Aorta by Alessandro Robaldo, Stefano Pagliari, Patrizio Colotto

“…Although the mechanism of the thrombosis has not been delineated, the proposed etiologies include propagation of thrombus from distal artery occlusion, cardiac thromboembolism, dislodgment of a mural thrombus, or coagulation disorders. …”
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Accuracy of Pelvic Ultrasound in Diagnosing Adnexal Torsion by Labib Ghulmiyyah, Anwar Nassar, Dib Sassine, Sally Khoury, Joseph Nassif, Hadi Ramadan, Elie Najem, Ghina Berjawi

“…Ovarian/adnexal torsion is a rather frequent occurrence in women of reproductive age group worldwide. Etiologies are quite diverse with ovarian lesions and corpus luteal cysts being the most two common. …”
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Linking Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s Disease by Géraldine Gelders, Veerle Baekelandt, Anke Van der Perren

“…Whether these inflammatory processes are directly involved in the etiology of PD or represent secondary consequences of nigrostriatal pathway injury is the subject of intensive research. …”
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HIV-associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Aspects by Jean-Guy Baril, Patrice Junod, Roger LeBlanc, Harold Dion, Rachel Therrien, François Laplante, Julian Falutz, Pierre Côté, Marie-Nicole Hébert, Richard Lalonde, Normand Lapointe, Dominic Lévesque, Lyse Pinault, Danielle Rouleau, Cécile Tremblay, Benoît Trottier, Sylvie Trottier, Chris Tsoukas, Karl Weiss

“…Currently, there is no clear definition of lipodystrophy, which explains the difficulty in determining its prevalence and etiology. There are no current guidelines for the treatment of fat distribution abnormalities that occur in the absence of other metabolic complications. …”
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Genomic exploration of pediatric neurological disorders: a case series by Naresh Tayade, Gautham Manoj, Akshay Kewat, Anjali Krishna A, Rajiv Devulapalli, Somesh Kumar, Sunil Kumar Polipalli, Bipin G. Nair, Obul Reddy Bandapalli, Prashanth Suravajhala

“…They are one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in children with diverse etiologies. Diagnosis is difficult despite genetic work, and a final diagnosis can be achieved in only 60% of cases. …”
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Characterization and Detection Strategy Exploration in Cryptogenic Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Insights From a Super‐Aged Region in Japan by Takaaki Sugihara, Takakazu Nagahara, Takuya Kihara, Suguru Ikeda, Yoshiki Hoshino, Yukako Matsuki, Takuki Sakaguchi, Hiroki Kurumi, Takumi Onoyama, Tomoaki Takata, Tomomitsu Matono, Hajime Isomoto

“…ABSTRACT Background and Aim In recent years, there has been a rise in cryptogenic hepatocellular carcinoma (c‐HCC) cases in Japan, posing a detection challenge due to an unknown etiology. This study aims to enhance diagnostic strategies for c‐HCC by analyzing its characteristics and exploring current opportunities for detection. …”
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The role of the Hygiene Department of Stephen Bathory University in the development and promotion of Public Health in Vilnius in the years 1922–1939 by Aistis Žalnora

“…For ideological reasons the disease etiology in the Soviet bloc could not be associated with social factors. …”
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Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Capacity, and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Idiopathic Complete Heart Block by Shobhit Shah, Monika Bhandari, Pravesh Vishwakarma, Wahid Ali, Mohammad Kaleem Ahmad, Abhishek Singh, Ayush Shukla, Akhil Kumar Sharma, Gaurav Chaudhary, Akshyaya Pradhan, Sharad Chandra, Rishi Sethi, S. K. Dwivedi

“…Background: The majority of cases of complete heart block (CHB) still have an idiopathic etiology, despite recent advancements in CHB management. …”
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Kyoto global consensus report on<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>gastritis: summary by A. A. Sheptulin

“…New classification of gastritis and duodenitis, based on the etiological approach has been proposed. It is recommended to qualify dyspepsia cases with sustained symptomatic improvement after successful eradication therapy as H. pylori-associated dyspepsia, and to distinguish them from functional dyspepsia. …”
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Case report: Periorbital pilomatricoma: a rare benign skin tumor misdiagnosed as cellulitis by Rahul Kumar, Jane Z. Spadaro, Jane Z. Spadaro, Alon Kahana, Alon Kahana, Alon Kahana

“…Lack of pain or tenderness are important clues against an infectious or inflammatory etiology. Complete surgical excision is therapeutic and allows for diagnostic confirmation. …”
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Gender Differences in Behçet’s Disease Associated Uveitis by Didar Ucar-Comlekoglu, Austin Fox, H. Nida Sen

“…Behçet’s disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology, characterized by oral and genital ulceration, skin lesions, and uveitis as well as vascular, central nervous system, and gastrointestinal system involvement. …”
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The Role of PPAR Gamma in Systemic Sclerosis by Andréa Tavares Dantas, Michelly Cristiny Pereira, Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rego, Laurindo Ferreira da Rocha, Ivan da Rocha Pitta, Cláudia Diniz Lopes Marques, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto Duarte, Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta

“…Fibrosis is recognized as an important feature of many chronic diseases, such as systemic sclerosis (SSc), an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, characterized by immune dysregulation and vascular injury, followed by progressive fibrosis affecting the skin and multiple internal organs. …”
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Primary Angiosarcoma of the Spleen: An Oncological Enigma by Myoteri Despoina, Dellaportas Dionysios, Ayiomamitis Georgios, Strigklis Konstantinos, Kouroumpas Efstratios, Zizi-Sermpetzoglou Adamantia

“…The incidence of the disease is 0.14–0.23 cases per million, with slight male predominance. Etiology is not established and clinical presentation may confuse even experienced physicians. …”
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A Unique “Composite” PTLD with Diffuse Large B-Cell and T/Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Components Occurring 17 Years after Transplant by Kristin La Fortune, Dahua Zhang, Gordana Raca, Erik A. Ranheim

“…The other component showed anaplastic morphology, expressed some but not all T-cell markers, failed to express most B-cell markers except for PAX5, and was diffusely EBV positive. Possible etiologies for this peculiar constellation of findings are discussed and the literature reviewed for “composite-like” lymphomas late in the posttransplant setting.…”
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Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis: A New Entity within the Spectrum of Rare Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias by Karina Portillo, Ignasi Guasch, Caroline Becker, Felipe Andreo, Maria Teresa Fernández-Figueras, José Ramirez Ruz, Carlos Martinez-Barenys, Samuel García-Reina, Pedro Lopez de Castro, Irene Sansano, Ana Villar, Juan Ruiz-Manzano

“…PPFE is characterized by pleural and subpleural parenchymal thickening due to elastic fiber proliferation, mainly in the upper lobes. The etiology of the disease is unclear, although some cases have been associated as a complication after bone marrow transplantation, lung transplantation (LT), chemotherapy, and recurrent respiratory infections. …”
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Acute Dilatation, Ischemia, and Necrosis of Stomach without Perforation by Manash Ranjan Sahoo, Anil T. Kumar, Sunil Jaiswal, Siba Narayan Bhujabal

“…Acute gastric dilatation can have multiple etiologies which may lead to ischemia of the stomach. …”
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Analysis of Embryoid Bodies Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Means to Assess Pluripotency by Steven D. Sheridan, Vasudha Surampudi, Raj R. Rao

“…Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have core properties of unlimited self-renewal and differentiation potential and have emerged as exciting cell sources for applications in regenerative medicine, drug discovery, understanding of development, and disease etiology. Key among numerous criteria to assess pluripotency includes the in vivo teratoma assay that has been widely proposed as a standard functional assay to demonstrate the pluripotency of hiPSCs. …”
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