Factors Influencing the Pore Structure and Gas-Bearing Characteristics of Shales: Insights from the Longmaxi Formation, Southern Sichuan Basin and Northern Yunnan-Guizhou Depressio... by Li Dong, Changcheng Han, M. Santosh, Yongkai Qiu, Geng Liu, Jinghui Ma, Hao He, Chenlin Hu

“…We employed scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), gas content testing, gas saturation testing based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), overburden porosity and permeability analysis, distribution of pore size, specific surface area (SSA) analysis, and geochemical analysis. …”
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Analysis of geological characteristics and potential factors of formation damage in coalbed methane reservoir in Northern Qinshui basin by Hongjian Wu, Xiangwei Kong

“…This study employs experimental techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and micro-CT imaging to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the pore structure, mineral composition, fluid characteristics, and wettability of coal seams 3# and 15# in the northern Qinshui Basin of China. …”
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Morphological characterization of biominerals from five multicellular marine algae species by A. M. Zakharenko, M. A. Nawaz, V. V. Chaika, I. V. Zemchenko, T. Yu. Orlova, A. A. Begun, R. V. Romashko, A. N. Galkina, A. A. Karabtsov, G. Chung, K. S. Golokhvast

“…For the first time we extracted and studied silica biominerals of five marine macroalgae, which we observed by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). More than nine different morphotypes of phytoliths ranging from ≥ 10 to ≥ 350 μm in size were found. …”
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Cellular Energy Absorbing TRIP-Steel/Mg-PSZ Composite: Honeycomb Structures Fabricated by a New Extrusion Powder Technology by Ulrich Martin, David Ehinger, Lutz Krüger, Stefan Martin, Thomas Mottitschka, Christian Weigelt, Christos G. Aneziris, Mathias Herrmann

“…Magnetic balance measurements and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) were used to identify the deformation-induced martensite evolution in the cell wall material. …”
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Cytotoxicity Research of Sulfur-Containing Metal Complexes by Yanting Yang, Danqin Li, Mei Luo

“…The crystal structure of the complex was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structure of the complex was analyzed using infrared Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and the thermal stability and composition of the complex were detected via thermogravimetry (TGA). …”
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UV-Enhanced removal of enrofloxacin in water using oyster shell-derived CaO-ZnO composite by Sihombing Mastavioni, Azizah Nurfiah, Febriyanti Siti, Miraza Adithya Zulfadli, Prajaputra Vicky, Isnaini Nadia, Karina Sofyatuddin, Riswan M.

“…The CaO-ZnO composites were synthesized via calcination of oyster shells mixed with zinc oxide and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine their mineral properties. …”
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Analysis of Sedimentary Environment Conditions for Lacustrine Fine-Grained Sedimentary Rocks and Its Control of Lithofacies Development: A Case Study of the Lower Submember of Memb... by Jun Peng, Ledan Yu, Tianyu Xu, Yubin Wang, Haodong Han

“…Based on geochemical data, the sedimentary environment media conditions and vertical changes of this submember were analyzed by means of core description, thin section authentication, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and other technologies, and the relationship between sedimentary environment and lithofacies development was discussed. …”
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The effect of platinum-aluminide coating features on high-temperature fatigue life of nickel-based superalloy Rene®80 by Barjesteh M.M., Zangeneh-Madar K., Abbasi S.M., Shirvani K.

“…The results of microstructure investigations performed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction phase analysis indicated a three-layer structure for the coating (bi-phase (Ni,Pt)Al+PtAl2, single-phase (Ni,Pt)Al and interdiffusion zone) with different chemical compositions at both thicknesses of the platinum layer and using both aluminizing methods. …”
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Greener Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobiological Effects of Helba Silver Nanoparticle-PMMA Nanocomposite by Manal A. Awad, Awatif A. Hendi, Khalid M. O. Ortashi, Amnah B. Alanazi, Batool A. ALZahrani, Dina A. Soliman

“…The AgNPs encapsulated within the polymer chains were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). …”
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Bond Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Mortar and Concrete Interface under Pre-Stress by Ali Saberi Varzaneh, Mahmoud Naderi

“…Furthermore, the effect of fibers and pre-stress on the adhesion examined using SEM images and X-ray diffraction. It is necessary to assess the compressive strength of concrete and mortar in the field. …”
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Investigation of Characteristics Whey Protein Isolate/Chitosan with Silica Addition in Biocomposite Film by Ika Zuwanna, Medyan Riza, Sri Aprilia, Yanna Syamsuddin, Syahiddin Said, Rozanna Dewi

“…The functional groups, morphology, structure, mechanical, thermal, and transparency of the biocomposite films were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), tensile strength, thermogravimetric (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thickness, swelling, and UV-Vis. …”
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Synthesis, Crystal Structural Characterization and Biological Properties of Thiosemicarbazones of Schiff Bases Derived from 4-Acyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one by Arjunsinh Rana, Nayan Parekh, Harish Dabhi, Dipak Bhoi, Niraj Kumari

“…The crystal structure was determined by single x-ray diffraction. 4-Acetyl thiosemicarbazone-3-methyl-1-(4`-methylphenyl)-2-pyrazolin-5-one(AcPTMP-ths) crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a=6.0828(7)Å, b=29.547(4)Å, c=7.9101(15)Å, α=90°, γ=95.602(15)°, γ=90°, V=1414.9(4) Å3, Z=4, Dc=1.429 mg/m3 and 4-Propionylthiosemicarbazone-3-methyl-1-(4`-methylphenyl)-2-pyrazolin-5-one (PropPTMP-ths) crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a=13.5622(10)Å, b=13.3671(12)Å, c=22.151(2)Å, α=90°, β=93.13(7)°, γ=90°, V=4010.1(6) Å3, Z=8, Dc=1.310 mg/m3. …”
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Combing role of MgO and Al2O3 on viscosity and its correlation to structure of fluorine-free mold fluxes by Wang H.-C., Bao G.-D., Sadaf S., Mao S.-S., Wu T.

“…By using FactSage calculations, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), rotational viscometers, and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the combined effect of MgO and Al2O3 on fluorine-free mold flux was confirmed. …”
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<i>Epigynum auritum</i>-Derived Near-Infrared Carbon Dots for Bioimaging and Antimicrobial Applications by Wenfeng Shi, Jiahui Li, Junmei Pu, Guiguang Cheng, Yaping Liu, Shanshan Xiao, Jianxin Cao

“…The crystal structures of the NIR-CDs were further characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The NIR-CDs exhibited minimal toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and high penetrability in both in vivo and in vitro environments, making them ideal luminescent probes for bioimaging applications. …”
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Phytogenic Synthesis and Characterization of NiO-ZnO Nanocomposite for the Photodegradation of Brilliant Green and 4-Nitrophenol by Sirajul Haq, Aqsa Waheed Raja, Sadiq Ur Rehman, Amine Mezni, Manel Ben Ali, Amor Hedfi, Muhammad Imran Shahzad, Wajid Rehman, Nadia Shahzad, Muhammad Waseem, Pervaiz Ahmad

“…The NiO-ZnO nanocomposite (NiO-ZnO NC) was synthesized by ecofriendly process by using Diospyros kaki (D. kaki) extract of leaves as reducing and capping agents. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for examined crystallinity, cell dimensions, and crystallite size (7.6 nm). …”
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Investigation on the Structure and Electrochemical Properties of La-Ce-Mg-Al-Ni Hydrogen Storage Alloy by Yuqing Qiao, Jianyi Xi, Minshou Zhao, Guangjie Shao, Yongchun Luo, Limin Wang

“…Structure and electrochemical characteristics of La0.96Ce0.04Mg0.15Al0.05Ni2.8 hydrogen storage alloy have been investigated. X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that the La0.96Ce0.04Mg0.15Al0.05Ni2.8 hydrogen storage alloy consisted of a (La, Mg)Ni3 phase with the rhombohedral PuNi3-type structure and a LaNi5 phase with the hexagonal CaCu5-type structure. …”
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Photocatalytic Activity of Ag-TiO2 Composites Deposited by Photoreduction under UV Irradiation by Carlos Díaz-Uribe, Jose Viloria, Lorraine Cervantes, William Vallejo, Karen Navarro, Eduard Romero, Cesar Quiñones

“…Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by photoreduction under UV irradiation silver nitrate solution. X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were used for physicochemical characterization. …”
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Fabrication of a Porous Metal-Organic Framework with Polar Channels for 5-Fu Delivery and Inhibiting Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Li-Chun Zhao, Mei Tang, Qian-Hua Zhang, Zhi-Yi Hu, Hong-Wei Gao, Xia-Yun Liao, Gang Wang, Jing Leng

“…The structure of the obtained crystalline product has been fully determined by the X-ray single-crystal diffraction, TGA, elemental analysis, XRD, and the gas sorption measurement. …”
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Studies on Characterization, Optical Absorption, and Photoluminescence of Yttrium Doped ZnS Nanoparticles by Ranganaik Viswanath, Halehatty Seethya Bhojya Naik, Yashavanth Kumar Gubbihally Somalanaik, Prashanth Kumar Parlesed Neelanjeneallu, Khandugadahalli Nagarajappa Harish, Mustur Channabasappa Prabhakara

“…Pure ZnS and ZnS:Y nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation route using EDTA-ethylenediamine as a stabilizing agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), and UV-visible and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were employed to characterize the as-synthesized ZnS and ZnS:Y nanoparticles, respectively. …”
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Diffuse Reflectance Spectrophotometers Based on C12880MA and C11708MA Mini-Spectrometers Hamamatsu by V. A. Firago, N. V. Levkovich, K. I. Shuliko

“…They arise due to focusing by the concave diffraction grating of a part of the radiation scattered by it into zero order.Approbation of developed portable spectrophotometers based on Hamamatsu mini-spectrometers indicates the possibility of their use in portable spectrophotometric equipment and devices for spectral control of optical properties of scattering materials. …”
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